Objective To study whether the TRAIL treating prostate cancer cells can induce autophagy and the role of autoph-agy in it.Methods The expression of autophagy-related protein was detected by Western blot;the toxicity of TRAIL on prostate cancer cells was observed by suppressing autophagy.Results TRAIL could enhance the expression of autophagy-related protein,in-hibiting autophagy could enhance the cytotoxic effect of TRAIL on prostate cancer cells.Conclusion TRAIL can induce the autoph-agy occurrence in prostate cancer and autophagy play a protective role on prostate cancer cells.

Medical team resource management is an effective way to control medical risk, ensure patient safety and enhance patient satisfaction. Based on defining the connotation, this paper illustrates the application and expe-rience of medical team resource management in Taiwan and finally proposes suggestions to apply medical team re-source management in domestic medical practice.

Objective To assess the usefulness of contrast echocardiography in differential diagnosing space-occupying lesions of the heart.Methods Contrast echocardiography was assessed for 38 patients of space-occupying lesion of the heart (SOLH).Contrast enhancement of SOLH was assessed visually,comparing with that in the adjacent myocardium:significant contrast enhancement,intensity higher than or equal to the adjacent myocardium; mild or partial contrast enhancement,intensity lower than the adjacent myocardium,or no contrast enhancement.Respectively,malignant tumors,benign tumors,and thrombus were diagnosed.Twenty-eight patients among the 38 cases had gold standard diagnosis.The consistency between visual assessment diagnosis and gold standards were compared with Kappa statistic.Results Visual semi-quantitative diagnosis of contrast echocardiography:thrombus,benign tumors and malignant tumors were diagnosed for 8,8 and 12 cases,separately.Except two highly vascular benign tumors (1rhabdomyoma and 1 paraganglioma) were misdiagnosed as malignant tumors,the rest 26 cases matched gold standard diagnosis.Quantitative analysis of contrast echocardiography,16 cases were suitable for quantitative an alysis,10 cases were diagnosed as benign tumors or thrombus (quantitative analysis could not differentiate the two),the rest 6 cases were diagnosed as malignant tumors.Quantitative analysis got the same 2 misdiagnosis as visual semi-quantitative diagnosis.Kappa value on visual semi-quantitative diagnosis of contrast echocardiography comparing with gold standard diagnosis was 0.892.Conclusions The characteristics of vascularity of SOLH can be accurately determined by the contrast enhancement level in diseased region through visual semi-quantitative analysis with contrast echocardiography.Contrast echocardiography can be mainly used in SOLH except thrombus that has been clearly diagnosed,especially for patients with on going or fore-past malignancy in other organs.

Objective To investigate the recent effect and safety of magnetic resonance guided focused ultrasound (MRgFUS) for treating uterine fibroids with a Meta analysis. Methods Such databases as Cochrane Library,PubMed,EMbase, CBM,CNKI,CQVIP and Wanfang were searched from their establishment. After thestudy selected, assessment and data extraction conducted by two reviewers independently, Meta-analysis were performed by using the Comprehensive Meta-analysis V2 software. The volume of non-perfusion ratio (NPVR), fibroid shrinkage, clinical symptom severity (SSS score) and adverse reactions were analyzed.Results Nighteen retrieved articles were included, with a total of 1 549 patients. The results of Meta-analysis showed that:(1)nonperfused volume ratio (NPVR),Mean=57.1%(95%CI 45.0% —69.2%).(2)Percentage of FBs shrinkage:mean=31.4% (95% CI 29.2% —33.6%).(3)Symptom severity score (SSS):baseline mean=51.00(95%CI 41.61—60.40),3 months mean=32.50 (95%CI 25.90—39.10),6 months mean=28.62(95%CI(23.57—33.66),12 months mean=24.46(95%CI 15.44—33.49), the average of the severity score of the patient symptoms had a tendency to reduce.(4)The degree of adverse reactions were mild and could relieve itself, there was fewer serious adverse reactions. Conclusions The current evidence indicates that MRgFUS in treatment of uterine fibroidsis reliable and safe. MRgFUS can significantly reduce the volume and the symptom severity score ofthe patients.

Objective To investigate the expression of 4-hydroxynonenal (4-HNE) in the kidney of diabetic rats and the effect of probucol.Methods The rats were being intraperitoneal injected with STZ (60 mg/kg) to establish diabetic models.Then diabetic rats were randomly divided into diabetic group (group D,n =24),probucol treated group (group P,n =24).Normal rats were taken as control group (group C,n =24).Rats in group P were treated by probucol (110 mg·kg-1·d-1); rats in group D and group C were given equal volume water instead.Scr,BUN,triglyceride (TG),total cholesterol (TC) and 24-hour urinary proteinin were measured at the 4th,8th and 12th week.PAS staining and HE staining were used to evaluate the pathological changes of the kidney.The immunohistochemistry and Western blotting were used to detect the expression of 4-HNE in renal tissue.Results Levels of Scr,BUN,TG,TC and 24-hour urinary protein in group D were higher than those in group C at the 4th,8th and 12th week(all P ＜ 0.05); Levels of Scr,BUN,TG,TC and 24-huor urinary protein in group P were lower than those in group D at 4th,8th and 12th week (all P ＜ 0.05).The pathological changes of the kidney in group D were more serious than that in group P.The expression of 4-HNE in group D were higher than group C at the 4th,8th and 12th week (all P ＜ 0.05);The expression of 4-HNE in the kidneys of group P decreased significantly compared to that of group D at the same time (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusions As an indicator of lipid peroxidation,the expression of 4-HNE significantly increases in the kidney of diabetic rat.Probucol may protect the diabetic kidney through decreasing the expression of 4-HNE and the level of lipid peroxidation.

Objective To evaluate left ventricular function in the way of intracavitary vortex by vector flow mapping(VFM),and to demonstrate the formation and variation of the vortex. Methods Twenty-six patients with dilated cardiomyopathy(DCM) and 44 healthy controls were involved. The velocity distribution imagings on the section plane of the flow in the left ventricle were obtained by VFM, the location of the vortex and its variation in every phase of cardiac cycle were focused,and series parameters were measured,such as the diameter of the vortex (transverse diameter, vertical diameter), number of the vertex. Results relaxation(e) period. Vortices were observed mostly during diastolic period, nearby the anterior leaflet of mitral valve,middle upper 1/3 of left ventricle,and their shapes changed 2 - 3 times. The diameters of the vortex (transverse diameter,vertical diameter) , number of the vertices in one cardiac cycle during 7 phases mostly nearby the cardiac apex, middle lower 2/3 of left ventricle, and their shapes changed 4 - 5 times.Compared with control group,the diameters of the vortex (transverse diameter, vertical diameter) during 7 phases in DCM group were bigger,and number of the vertices were more ( P ＜0.01 ). The diameters of the vortex (transverse diameter, vertical diameter), number of the vertices within DCM group in one cardiac cycle during 7 phases were significantly different ( P ＜ 0.01 ). Conclusions VFM can demonstrate the variation of intracavitary vortex. Vortex in DCM group were significantly bigger than those of control group.

Objective To evaluate the value of contrast enhanced MR imaging (CEMRI)for the diagnosis of focal liver lesions with Meta analysis.Methods Relevant English and Chinese language studies were searched on the Pubmed,EMBASE,EBSCO,OV-ID,CNKI,CBM,VIP,WANFANG databases,respectively.Data were calculated with software of STATA 1 1.0 and Meta Disc 1.4. Results 1 7 of 2836 retrieved studies were included,the pooled sensitivity and specificity for CEMRI with 95% confidence interval (95%CI)were 0.85(0.84-0.87)and 0.86(0.84-0.88),respectively,the AUC of SROC was 0.91 6 8.Conclusion CEMRI can be used as one of the primary examination modalities for focal liver lesions with moderate sensitivity and specificity.

Drug-induced liver injury (DILI) is a major reason for the recall of marketed drugs and the failure of clinical trials. Detection of potential liver injury remains a challenge for clinical management and preclinical drug safety studies. Currently, serum levels of alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase are the gold standards for evaluating liver injury. However, these biomarkers are nonspecific and insensitive, and often result in false-positive results. Therefore, researchers have never stopped searching for the biomarkers of DILI with high sensitivity and specificity. This review summarizes recent research progress in the biomarkers of DILI to better predict and diagnose DILI.

Objective To evaluate the effect of intrathecal rapamycin on diabetic neuropathic pain in rats.Methods Thirty adult male Sprague-Dawley rats,weighing 180-220 g,in which IT catheters were successfully implanted,were randomly divided into 5 groups (n =6 each) using a random number table:control group (group C),diabetic neuropathic pain group (group DN),rapamycin 1 μg group (group R1),rapamycin 3 μg group (group R3) and rapamycin 10 μg (group R10).Diabetes mellitus was induced by intraperitoneal streptozotocin (STZ) 60 mg/kg on 5 days after IT catheters were implanted in DN,R1,R3 and R10 groups.Citric acid-sodium citrate buffer 6 ml/kg was injected intraperitoneally in group C.In R1,R3 and R10 groups,rapamycin (dissolved in 10 μl 4％ dimethyl sulfoxide) 1,3 and 10 μg were intrathecally injected,respectively,once a day for 7 consecutive days starting from day 21 after STZ injection,while the equal volume of 4％ dimethyl sulfoxide was given instead in C and DN groups.Paw withdrawal threshold (PWT) to yon Frey filament stimulation was measured before IT catheters were implanted,before STZ injection,on 7,14 and 21 days after STZ injection,and on 1,3,5 and 7 days after rapamycin administration.After measurement of PWT,the rats were sacrificed and L2-5 segments of the spinal cord were removed for determination of the expression of mTOR and phosphorylated mTOR (p-mTOR),S6K and phosphorylated S6K (p-S6K) (by Western blot) and expression of mTOR mRNA and S6K mRNA (by RT-PCR).Results Compared with group C,MWT was significantly decreased at 14 and 21 days after STZ injection in DN,R1,R3 and R10 groups,and the expression of mTOR,p-mTOR,S6K,p-S6K,mTOR mRNA and S6K mRNA was up-regulated in group DN (P ＜ 0.01).Compared with group DN,MWT was significantly increased at 5 and 7 days after rapamycin administration in group R1,at 3,5 and 7 days after rapamycin administration in group R3,and at 1,3,5 and 7 days after rapamycin administration in group R10,and the expression of mTOR,p-mTOR,S6K,p-S6K,mTOR mRNA and S6K mRNA was down-regulated in R1,R3 and R10 groups (P ＜ 0.01).Conclusion Intrathecal rapamycin can alleviate diabetic neuropathic pain in rats.

Objective To explore the predictive effect of depression and impulsivity on suicidal ideation in violent criminals.methods 423 violent criminals were assessed by Self-rating Idea of Suicide Scale(SIOSS),Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) and Barratt Impulsiveness Scale(BIS-11).Result sPeople with suicidal ideation accounted for 17.04% of the total number of violent criminals.The scores of the group with suicidal ideation (respectively (4.95±4.82),(56.79±8.68),(12.95±2.29),(19.03±3.91),(28.81±4.95)) were higher than those without suicidal ideation group (respectively (4.95±4.82),(56.79±8.68),(12.95±2.29),(19.03±3.91),(28.81±4.95)) in depression and every dimension of impulsivity(attentional impulsivity,motor impulsivity and non-planning impulsivity) (t=9.49,t=4.61,t=4.04,t=3.88,t=3.08) (all P<0.01).Positive correlation was observed between suicidal ideation,depression and impulsivity(r=0.156-0.628,P<0.01),while sleeping factor was not associated with non-planning impulsivity.According to the multi-factoral regression module,depression and nonplanning impulsivity scores had positive prediction on suicidal ideation(R2=0.419,SIOSS=-2.471+ 0.192× depression+ 0.149× nonplanning impulsivity).Conclusion There is a close relationship in suicidal ideation,depression and impulsivity,meanwhile depression and nonplanning impulsivity can predict the suicidal ideation.