Ameloblastoma ; pathology ; Bone Neoplasms ; classification ; genetics ; pathology ; Chondromatosis ; pathology ; Chondrosarcoma ; classification ; pathology ; Enchondromatosis ; pathology ; Humans ; Osteosarcoma ; classification ; pathology ; Sarcoma, Ewing ; pathology ; Societies, Medical ; United States ; World Health Organization

BACKGROUND: Most of the dental metal repair materials contacting Ti implants will cause galvanic corrosion and local environment with positive electricity on the implant interface, which directly affects the status of the tissues, especially bone resorption.OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the galvanic corrosion of commercially pure Ti (TA2 type) coupled with Au alloy, CoCr alloy, Ti alloy, and NiCr alloy in vitro. METHODS: Circuit of commercially pure Ti contacting with Au alloy, CoCr alloy, Ti alloy, and NiCr alloy was simulated in vitro in artificial saliva, and the common potential and galvanic current in 15 hours were recorded to draw current-time curves. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The galvanic current became stable after 8 hours of contacting. The galvanic current was the greatest in Ti/Au, followed by Ti/CoCr, Ti/Ti alloy, and then Ti/NiCr. Results indicated that the galvanic corrosion of the couple of Ti and Au alloy is the lowest. Au alloy is the most suitable material for implant superstructure. The galvanic corrosion of the couple of Ti and NiCr alloy is the highest, so NiCr alloy is not acceptable for implant superstructure.

Metabonomics is the branch of science concerned with the quantitative understandings of the metabolite complement of integrated living systems and its dynamic responses to the changes of both endogenous factors (such as physiology and development)and exogenous factors (such as environmental factors and xenobiotics). As a holistic approach, metabonomics detects, quantifies and catalogues the time related metabolic processes of an integrated biological system, ultimately, relates such processes to the trajectories of the pathophysiological events. Ever since its birth in 1999, metabonomics has already been described in more than 800 scientific papers and half dozen patents, amongst which almost 700 papers were experimental articles. Now, metabonomics has been established as an extremely powerful analytical tool and hence found successful applications in many research areas including molecular pathology and physiology, drug efficacy and toxicity, gene modifications and functional genomics, and environmental sciences. This holistic approach has thus become an important part of systems biology and has now evolved to be a unique part in global systems biology. The essence of metabonomics and some of the present applications were reviewed to illustrate the rapid development of this extremely exciting new frontier.

Objective To investigate the effect of nutritional therapy for an infant with short bowel syndrome (SBS) who had jejuno-colostomy. Methods An individualized nutritional support before and after the closure of jejunum colostomy was provided to a 3-month-old girl with SBS who had jejuno-colostomy so as to find out its influence on prognosis. Results Paren-teral nutrition is a life-saving therapy for infants with SBS. The proper enteral nutrition can improve intestinal tolerance and re-duce the incidence of postoperative complications, and improve outcomes of SBS infants. Conclusions Appropriate nutrition therapy is important to reduce the complications and improve the prognosis of SBS infants.

To explore the feasibility of sevoflurane used in obstetric anesthesia and examine its effects on neonatal Apgar scores.A total of 60 cases of term primipara were assigned into epidural anesthesia assisted sevoflurane inhalation group (experimental group,n =30) and epidural anesthesia group (control group,n =30).In the experimental group after skin incision,the patients could not tolerate the anesthesia mask inhalation of sevoflurane.And the control group received no adjuvant drug.The maternal inhalation of sevoflurane to delivery of fetus after 1 min,5 min,10 min Apgar scores were analyzed.And the inhalation of sevoflurane to fetal childbirth duration were 4-10 min in two groups.The intergroup difference of newborn Apgar scores had no statistical significance (P ＞ 0.05).Epidural anesthesia assisted sevoflurane inhalation for cesarean section had no significant effect on neonatal Apgar scores.

Objective To explore the nutritional status of vitamin D among healthy adults lived in Fuling district of Chongqing .Methods A total of 718 healthy adults aged 23-90 years old undergoing the physical examination in the physical ex‐amination center of our hospital from March 2012 to December 2013 were selected and divided into the 23-44 years old group and the ≥45 years old group .The tandem mass spectrometer was adopted to detect the level of serum 25(OH) vitamin D for evaluating the nutritional status of vitamin D .Results The proportions of lack ,insufficiency ,normal and excess of vitamin D in the 23 -44 years old group were 80 .79% ,19 .21% ,0% and 0% respectively ;which in the ≥45 years old group were 77 .91% ,18 .20% ,3 . 89% and 0% respectively .The average level of serum 25(OH) vitamin D in 23-44 years old group was lower than that in the ≥45 years old group ,the difference was statistically significant (P=0 .002 ,t=1 .98) .In these two groups ,the difference in serum 25 (OH) vitamin D level between males and females had no statistical significance (P>0 .05) .Conclusion The healthy adults in Ful‐ing district are lack of vitamin D in different degrees .

Objective To analyze the factors influencing the total cost of hospitalization after internal fixation of intertrochanteric fracture.Methods Enrolled in this study were 142 patients with intertrochanteric fracture who had been treated at our department between March 2013 and August 2014.They were 54 men and 88 women,aged from 24 to 95 years (average 69.8 years).Intramedullary fixation was adopted in 135 cases while extramedullary fixation in 7.By AO classification,32 cases were type A 1,75 type A2 and 35 type A3.We analyzed their demographic data,fracture-associated factors,bleeding-associated factors and surgery-associated factors.For univariate analysis,the independent sample t test was performed between 2 groups.One-Way ANOVA analysis was performed among several groups.For multivariate analysis,multivariate linear regression analysis was performed.P ＜ 0.05 was regarded as statistically significant.Results The independent sample test revealed that the total cost of hospitalization for those with preoperative deep venous thrombosis (6.9 ± 1.0 × 105 (￥)) was significantly higher than for those without (5.0 ± 0.8 × 105 (￥)) and the total cost for those undergoing intramedullary fixation (5.5 ± 1.2 × 105 (￥)) was significantly higher than for those undergoing extramedullary fixation (4.4 ±0.7 × 105 (￥)) (P ＜ 0.05).The multiple linear regression analyses showed that preoperative deep venous thrombosis (t =11.750,P ＜ 0.001),perioperative transfusion (t =2.803,P =0.006),hospital stay (t =5.949,P ＜ 0.001) and intraoperative blood loss (t =2.885,P =0.005) were the independent factors influencing the total cost of hospitalization.Conclusions Preoperative deep venous thrombosis,perioperative transfusion,intraoperative blood loss,and hospital stay may influence the total cost of hospitalization for patients undergoing internal fixation of intertrochanteric fracture.More attention should be paid to control of the total cost of hospitalization in addition to ensuring the perioperative life safety.

During the fetal-neonatal transition, the body must undergo many important physiological changes to adapt the extrauterine environment. After birth, the blood and energy supply through placenta is stopped with clamping of the umbilical cord and, meanwhile, the pulmonary ventilation function is established when exposure to the air, which results in a series of changes in the respiratory, circulatory and endocrine systems and energy metabolisms, etc. The physiological transition can be relfected in heart rate, blood pressure, oxygen saturation, temperature, and other physiological indicators. The changes of these indicators can be used as references for prevention, diagnosis and treatment of neonatal diseases. This review provides an overview of physiological changes and implications in the lung function, circulatory and endocrine systems, and energy metabolism during the transition at birth as well as intervention measures for abnormal fetal-neonatal transition.

Objective To evaluate the effect of community nurse training in peripherally inserted central catheter (PICC) on community nursing quality of tumour patients with indwelled PICC during the intermission of chemotherapy.Methods A prospective study was performed with a total of 220 patients with esophageal or lung cancer enrolled from September 2011 to March 2013 in the Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery,the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University.The 220 patients included 174 males (79.1％) and 46 females (20.9％),at the age of (61.1 ±9.0) years.With the start of community nurse training as the cut-off line,the patients were divided into pre-training group (n =119) and post-training group (n =101).PICC-related complications and patient satisfaction were compared between the 2 groups.Results The overall PICC-related complication rate was 20.9％ (46/220) during community nursing,including,in the order of declining incidence,infection (7.2％,16/220),and venous thrombosis (4.5％,10/220),catheter occlusion (3.6％,8/220),catheter dropping (2.7％,6/220),and leaking/damage (2.7％,6/220).The total complication rate and incidence of infection in the post-training group were both significantly lower than those in the pre-training group (14.9％ vs.26.1％,P =0.047 ; 3.0％ vs.10.9％,P =0.035),and patient satisfaction (including satisfaction for answers to questions about PICC,feelings about PICC indwelling and PICC position,and overall satisfaction) was significantly higher than in the pre-training group (P =0.003,P =0.011,P =0.001).Conclusion Community nurse training programmes have positive effects on improving PICC-related nursing and patient satisfaction in cancer patients with PICC indwelling during intermissions of chemotherapy.

Anemia is one of the most common disease in premature infants,it not only affects growth and development,but also have long-term impact on the future movement,cognition,learning ability and behavioral development,and most of mental harms nor reversible even though after iron supplementation.So,supplementation with intravenous iron will be a good approach to prevent and treatment with anemia for oral iron supplementations invalid or intolerant infants.Currently,safety and start time for iron supplementation in preterm infants remains controversial.This review focuses on the efficacy and safety of intravenous iron for prevent and treatment of iron deficiency anemia in preterm infants.