Objective:To observe and compare the inhibitory effect of two fluor protectors with different concentrations on man-made dental caries of human enamel smooth surface and socket in vitro.Methods:Forty smooth surfaces and forty sockets non-carious human enamels were divided into four groups randomly.Each group had ten samples,five samples were employed to experiment,and five samples were used as spare ones.For experiment group(0.5%fluor protector,0.1% fluor protector).the dental enamel surfaces were spreaded 0.5% fluor protector and 0.1% fluor protector twice in series respectively.For positive control group(0.05% NaF),the dental enamels were dipped into 0.05% NaF for 24h,then taken out and dried.For blank control group(deionized water),the dental enamels were immersed into deionized water for 24h,then taken out and dried.The specimens were taken out of when they had been immersed into man-made cariogenic fluid(37℃)for 168h,rinsed and dried, then they were divided into two halves by high speed corundum disk in spurting water;one half was used to observe depth of dental caries by polarization microscope,and the other half was employed to observe surface demineralization by scanning electron microscope.Results:The dental Caries depth of 0.5% fluor protector group was the smallest in four groups,and there were significant differences between 0.5% fluor protector group and 0.1% fluor protector group(P

Objective To explore the clinicophathological significance of expressions of c-myc,bcl-1 and apoptosis in the human cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma(SCC) canceration course.Methods The expressions of c-myc proteins,bcl-2 protein and apoptosis were detected in 80 cases of SCC by using TdT-mediated dUTP-biotin nick end labeling and immunohistochemical staining.Results The positive rates of c-myc and bc1-2 proteins were 62.5%,38.8% respectively,in SCC tissue(P

ObjectiveTo describe the use of endoscopic technique for exposure of the mandibular ramus-condyle unit(RCU) to facilitate reduction and rigid fixation of the fractures.MethodsSixteen patients ( 18 sides) with diagnosis of subcondylar fracture ( 11 sides),condylar neck fracture ( 2 sides ),and mandibular ramus fracture (5 sides ),who underwent endoscopic exposure of the RCU and fixation with miniplates by an extraoral or transoral approach.Six sides were no displacement,10 sides were obvious displacement,and 2 sides were dislocation.ResultsAll patients had successful treatment of fractures of the mandibular RCU,all patients showed quick recovery to preinjury occlusion.Followed up 12-36 months,normal temporomandibular joint function was noted in all patients.No patient had marginal mandibular nerve weakness or other complications.ConclusionsIt demonstrates the feasibility of endoscopic access to the RCU for treatment of the fractures.The procedures can be performed with minimal morbidity and functional impairment.

Objective The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of the ERK5 pathway on bone morphogenetic protein?9(BMP9)?regu?lated osteogenic/odontogenic differentiation of immortalized stern cells from the apical papilla(iSCAP). Methods BMP9 was introduced into the iSCAP by using recombinant adenoviruses,and the P?ERK5 protein expression was measured via western blotting. Then,the osteogenic/odontoblas?tic changes were analyzed by alkaline phosphatase(ALP)staining and Alizarin red staining,and the expression of osteogenic/odontoblast?associat?ed genes,such as Runx2,OCN,OPN,and DMP1 was measured by RT?PCR. Results BMP9 could up?regulate the phosphorylation of ERK5 in iSCAP. After using BIX02189,which was an inhibitor of ERK5,the phosphorylation of ERK5;the activity of ALP;the expression of Runx2, OCN,OPN,and DMP1;and the calcium deposition were all significantly inhibited. Conclusion The ERK5 signaling pathway plays an important role in BMP9?regulated osteogenic/odontogenic differentiation of iSCAP.

Objective To establish a method for ex vivo cord blood stem cell expansion,increase the number of the stem/progenitor,especially megakaryocyte progenitors so as to decrease the thrombocytopenia period after CBT.Methods Mononuclear cells (MNC) from 20 cord blood samples were cultured in presence of different cytokines:group 1:IL 3,IL 6,group 2:IL 3,IL 6,TPO,group 3:IL 3,IL 6,TPO and cord blood plasma.The final concentration of the cytokines was 50ng/ml.The control group had all medium except the cytokines and cord blood plasma.The cells were cultured for 21 days.At every 7 days,tests were done for nucleate cells number,CFU GM,CFU Mk,and CFU GEMM.Results At different times and in different groups,there were different changes.For NC,maximal increase were obtained in group 3 on day 21,which was 239.65?153.48.For CFU GM,the biggest expansion occurred on day 21 in group 3,the number being 184.17?140.40.For CFU Mk,the biggest expansion was obtained on day 14 in group 3,with the number of 135.34?105.20. The immature progenitor CFU GEMM achieved the max increase in group 3 on day 14,the number was 49.39?36.68. Conclusion The expansion of CFU Mk progenitor cells can be obtained in the presence of IL 3,IL 6,TPO.This combination also enhances the expansion of CFU GM and CFU GEMM.Addition of cord blood plasma can promote the expansion of mature and immature progenitor cells.

Objective To explore the feasibility of MR imaging for tumor-associated macrophages. Methods BALB/c mice and BALB/c ( nu/nu) nude mice were randomly divided into 6 groups ( before injection, 6, 24, 48, 72 hours and 7 days after injection) and 5 groups (before injection, 6, 24, 48 and 72 hours after injection) with each group of 3 animals, respectively. Macrophages ( RAW 264. 7) were incubated with HSA-IONPs ( dopamine/HSA coating iron oxide nanoparticle) containing 20 μg Fe/ml for 24 hours. Then, 5 x 106 labeled macrophages were collected and injected into subcutaneous 4T1 tumorbearing BALB/c mice and 22B tumor-bearing nude mice via tail vein. At different time points described above, all animals performed transverse and coronal T2-weighted MR scans using a 7. 0 T MR imaging unit.After sacrifice at different time points, tumor, liver and other organs were removed and processed for histological examination. Cytotoxicity of HSA-IONPs were assayed by MTT test, Statistics analysis adopt SPSS 11.5, the differences among groups were analyzed by one-way ANOVA. The difference was regarded as statistically significant when P <0. 05. Image J 1.42 software was used for the quantitative measurement of MR signal intensity. Results Effective cell labeling was confirmed by Prussian blue staining and transmission electron microscopy (TEM ). Iron uptake of single cell was 6. 19 pg. The mean absorbance values of cells incubated with HSA-IONPs for 24 hours in each group were 1. 95 ±0.19, 1. 82 ±0. 29,2. 10 ±0. 14, 1. 96 ±0. 18, 2. 05 ±0. 27 and 2.17 ±0. 22 respectively at different concentrations (5, 10,20, 40, 80, 160 μg/ml). Compared with that in control group (2. 00 ±0. 07), the absorbance values of cells in each group were not significantly different (F = 1.24,P>0. 05). There was a significant linear positive correlation between the labelled macrophage numbers and MR R2 values (r = 0. 99 ,P < 0. 05). In 4T1 tumor model, significant low signal intensity was found on T2WI surrounding the necrosis and cystic degeneration 6 hours after macrophage injection, with a signal reduction of 59.4%. The signal of tumor parenchyma showed no significant change, with signal reduction of 4. 8%. Irregular low signal ring could be seen at the junction of necrosis and parenchyma area at 24 hours after injection, with a signal reduction of 46. 8% and the signal loss was restored to 96. 8% around the necrosis and cystic degeneration. In 22B tumor model, multiple small scattered foci of low signal intensity were presented on T2WI around the necrosis and cystic degeneration 6 hours after macrophage injection with a signal drop of 46. 8% and reduced at 24 hours. 2, 3 or 7 days after macrophage injection, the morphology and location of low signal intensity were similar to those at 24 hours after injection on T2WI. But the signal intensity gradually decreased. The presence of labelled macrophages imaged by MRI were verified by pathology. Conclusion MRI is feasible for the delineation of tumor-associated macrophages. 24 hours after macrophage injection is the optimal time point for the assessment of macrophage migration and infiltration of tumor on T2WI. MRI can be used to evaluate the perfusion and neovascularization of tumor 6 hours after macrophage injection.

Chronic urticaria is a very common allergic disease in the outpatient.It has complicated pathogenesis and there is no conclusion up to now.The activation of the mast cells and the release of the histamine are the key point of the chronic urticaria onset.In recent years,the studies have demonstrated that the autoimmunity and the chronic infection are the main cause of the disease.There are other factors including dysfunction of the coagulation,deficiency of the vitamin D,pseudoallergen,psychic factor and genetic mechanism.This article will make a review of the pathogenesis of the chronic urticaria from the aspects mentioned above.

Objective To observe the effect of Xingnaojing injection in myocardial mitochondrial oxidative stress injury in sepsis mice. Methods The septic model were set up by receiving endotoxin through interaperitoneal injection. After Xingnaojing injection by gastric tube , seventy mice were randomly divided into 7 groups in ten of each group including group LPS-6 h , group LPS-24 h , group LPS-48 h; group XNJ-6 h , group XNJ-24 h, group XNJ-48 h and control group. The myocardial mitochondrial changes , the semi-quantitative scores and the level of SOD、MDA、NO、iNOS in sepsis mice were observed. Results Xingnaojing injection could improve the myocardial mitochondrial changes , reduce the semi-quantitative scores , significantly reduce the level of MDA、NO、iNOS and elevate the level of SOD. Conclusion Xingnaojing injection could significantly reduce the myocardial mitochondrial oxidative stress level and improve the ability of clearing oxygen radicals , thereby protect the myocardial mitochondrion in sepsis mice.

22 cases of chronic gastritis,8 cases of gastric cancer,and 3 cases of other gastric diseases.10 hea'thy adults were also studied to serve as the control.According to the diagnostic criteria of Chinese traditional medicine ,58 cases with epigastric pains out of the 80 were categorized into the group of spleno-gastric asthenia (SGA) of 35 cases and the group of hepatogastric incoordinatin (HGI) of 23 cases.The basal pressure and rhythmic contractions of the stomach in response to a definite volume loading were recorded.It was found that 60% of SGA cases and 56.8% of PU cases showed only a few low-amplitude or no contractions in response to all varieties of volume loading,which were significantly higher than that in HGI cases (26%) and the control (10%).In the interval between the contractions and relaxations of the proximal stomach the intra-gasrric pressure was significantly lower in SGA and PU cases than in HGI cases and the control.These findings indicate that the tension and contractility of the mesculature of the proximal stomach are markedly reduced in patients with PU and SGA.

Objective To investigate the infection of human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) in patients with atherosclerosis and explore its clinical significance.Methods A total of 134 patients with atherosclerosis (observation group) including 102 patients with coronary heart disease (CHD) and 32 patients with non-CHD from December 2009 to April 2012 were enrolled in this study.The 102 patients with CHD were divided into HCMV infection group (86 cases) and non-HCMV infection group (16 cases).Another 40 healthy person were selected as control group.The carotid intima-media thickness (IMT) was assessed by ultrasonography.The serum HCMV-IgM was measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.Results The infection rate of HCMV in observation group was 77.6％ (104/134),which was higher than that of 37.5％(15/40) in control group(P ＜ 0.05).The infection rate of HCMV in CHD patients and non-CHD patients was 84.3％(86/102) and 56.2％(18/32),and there was significant difference (P ＜ 0.05).The carotid IMT in HCMV infected atherosclerosis patients was (1.31 + 0.28) mm,which was higher than that of (1.14 ± 0.21)mm in non-HCMV infected atherosclerosis patients (P ＜ 0.05).The incidence of myocardial infarction and multi-vessel lesion in HCMV infection group was higher than that in non-HCMV infection group [39.5％(34/86) vs.25.0％(4/16) and 43.0％(37/86) vs.18.8％(3/16)](P＜ 0.05).The incidence of stable angina pectoris and single-vessel lesion in HCMV infection group was lower than that in non-HCMV infection group [26.7％(23/86) vs.43.8％(7/16) and 22.1％(19/86) vs.56.2％(9/16)](P＜0.05).Conclusion The high-infection rate of HCMV is found in atherosclerosis patients,and it maybe have a close relationship with the occurrence and development of atherosclerosis.