In recent 20 years,liver transplantation has been rapidly developed in China,and the number of cases and patient outcomes have continued to improve.However,many problems emerged,such as mismatch of donor source and unbalanced distribution system,the research achievements lacking of innovation and core competitiveness,and clinical study level lags behind.In order to solve the problems mentioned above,the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University has carried out a series of work,such as expanding the donor pool,improving clinical technologies,and strengthening basic researches.

This paper reviews progresses made in China from 2011 in areas of "Synthetic Biology" supported by State Basic Research 973 Program. Till the end of 2014, 9 "synthetic biology" projects have been initiated with emphasis on "microbial manufactures" with the 973 Funding Program. Combined with the very recent launch of one project on "mammalian cell synthetic biology" and another on "plant synthetic biology", Chinese "synthetic biology" research reflects its focus on "manufactures" while not giving up efforts on "synthetic biology" of complex systems.
Animals ; China ; Plants ; Synthetic Biology

This paper reviews the research and commercialization progresses of biobased polymeric materials including polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA), polylactides (PLA), poly (butylene succinate) (PBS) and its monomer succinate, and CO2 copolymer poly (propylene carbonate), especially these efforts made in China.
Bioengineering ; Butylene Glycols ; China ; Polyesters ; Polyhydroxyalkanoates ; Polymers ; Propane ; analogs & derivatives ; Succinic Acid

Objective To study on postpartum obsessive compulsive disorder at home and abroad,and to provide new idea of diagnosis,evaluation and treatment on postpartum obsessive compulsive disorder.Method A search using Medline,Embase,EBSCO,Cochrane Library,Web of Science (ISI),Pubmed databases and Google Scholar was carried out using the key words:obsessive compulsive disorder (and derivatives),perinatal,pregnancy,postnatal,postpartum,mothers (and derivatives),anxiety disorders and subtypes. These articles and their references were reviewed.Results Twenty-seven papers were incorporated,but no Chinese paper.The life prevalence of postpartum OCD was 2.3％-11.0％.The most common obsessions were aggressive,contamination and miscellaneous,and compulsion for washing/cleaning and checking.Cognitive behavioural therapy and SSRIs have been suggested as a fist-line treatment of postpartum OCD.Conclusion OCD is more prevalent in the postpartum period.The evidence that OCD in the postpartum period presents a distinctive clinical picture with specific symptomatology and course is more compelling.Collaborative,international,prospective studies that take into account the methodological and definitional issues raised in this review are necessary to provide clarification.

OBJECTIVE:To investigate the pharmacokinetic profiles of baicalin(a constituent in Sanhuang decoction) in rats.METHODS:Blood samples were collected as schedule from rats after intragastrically administration of Sanhuang decoction, then the content of baicalin was determined by HPLC and the chief pharmacokinetic parameters were computed.RE SU1TS:The chief pharmacokinetic parameters of baicalin in rats were as follows:t_(max1)=(15?4.23) min;t_(max2)=(6.8?0.54) h;C_(max1) =(4.49?1.56)?g?mL~(-1);C_(max2)=(3.25?1.23)?g?mL~(-1);AUC =(35.52?12.35)?g?h?mL ~(-1);t_(12)=(5.12?0.23)h;CL=(3.86?0.91) 1?h~(-1).CONCLUSION:The method is simple in sample treatment,rapid and accurate,specific and sensitive,and it can be used as a means for the monitoring of the serum concentration of baicalin containing Chinese patent medicines and so as to provide reference for clinical rational drug use.

Objective To identity bacteria of bacteroides group by PCR.Method The universal primers were designed according to the sequence of 16S rRNA,then 13 strains bacteroides and the other non-bacteroides were amplified by PCR. PCR products were then sequenced and analyzed by Blast.Results Thirteen strains of bacteroides were amplified, and the non-bacteroides were not amplified. The pairs of primers had highly specificity.Comparing the gene sequences of the 13 strains,bacteroides with corresponding standard 16S rRNA sequences,the homology was from 81% to 100%.Conclusion The established PCR assay could specially amplify bacteroides and had good sensitivity with 100 genomes/ml.

Objective To investigate the significance of Th 17 cells, Treg cells and Th17/Treg cell-associated cytokines in the development of tuberculous pleurisy through detecting the expressions of Th 17 cells and Treg cells (CD4+CD25+Foxp3+) in CD4+T cells, analyzing concentrations of IL-17, IL-23, IL-6 and TGF-βin serum of patients with tuberculous pleurisy and healthy controls and measuring levels of IL -17, IL-23, IL-6 and TGF-βin hydrothorax of patients with tuberculous pleurisy .Methods Flow cytometry was used to detect expressions of Th 17 and Treg cells in peripheral blood of patients with tuberculous pleurisy and healthy controls.ELISA method was performed for quantitative detection of concentrations of IL -17, IL-23, IL-6 and TGF-βin serum and hydrothorax .Differences and correlations between the above measured data were analyzed by the statistical software SPSS 17.0.Results Compared with the healthy control group , the expressions of Th17 cells in peripheral blood of the patients were significantly increased (1.02%±0.20%vs.0.89%±0.13%, P=0.002<0.05), while the expressions of Treg cells were significantly decreased (4.64%±0.77%vs.5.10%±0.90%, P=0.000<0.05).Correspondingly, the ratio of Th17/Treg cells (0.25±0.07) in the patients were significantly higher than that in the healthy controls (0.17±0.05, P=0.000<0.05).Concentrations of IL-17, IL-23 and IL-6 in peripheral blood and in hydrothorax of the pa-tients were (17.49±3.94) ng/L, (90.42±23.06) ng/L, (4.54±1.02) ng/L and (26.13±5.98) ng/L, (122.26±31.71) ng/L, (5.31±0.74) ng/L respectively, which were remarkably higher than the levels of IL-17 (14.45±3.81) ng/L, IL-23 (77.55±20.26) ng/L and IL-6 (4.26±0.91) ng/L in control group. In tuberculous pleurisy group , concentrations of IL-17, IL-23 and IL-6 in hydrothorax were significantly higher than those in peripheral blood with P values of 0.000, 0.000 and 0.003.There was no difference be-tween IL-6 levels in peripheral blood from patients and IL-6 levels in peripheral blood from the healthy con-trols, P=0.274.In comparison with the control group , TGF-βlevels in peripheral blood and in hydrothorax of the patients were significantly decreased (3.95 ng/L±0.79 ng/L, 3.12 ng/L±0.77 ng/L vs.3.32 ng/L ±0.80 ng/L) .In tuberculous pleurisy patients , the expression of Th17 cells in peripheral blood was nega-tively correlated with Treg cells in peripheral blood (r=-0.684, P=0.000<0.05), but was positively relat-ed to the levels of IL-17, IL-23 and IL-6 (r=0.479, 0.441, 0.326, P=0.013, 0.015, 0.017).TGF-βlevel had significantly positive correlations with Treg cells in the peripheral blood of the patients (r=0.297, P=0.024), but no significant correlation with Th17 cells was found (r=0.091, P=0.659).Conclusion Th17/Treg cell-associated cytokines might regulate the expressions of Th 17 and Treg cells and inflammatory reaction.Changes of Th17 cells, Treg cells and related cytokines might be important immunopathological mechanisms for tuberculous pleurisy .

Objective To investigate the clinical values of serum amyloid A (SAA) and hypersensitivity C reactive protein(hs-CRP) in the diagnosis of postoperative infection in patients with ovarian tumor.Methods Clinical data of 679 patients with ovarian tumor were retrospectively analyzed.According to the development of postoperative infection or not,all patients were assigned into infection group(n =45) or non-infection group(n =634).The primary outcomes indicators were SAA,hs-CRP,C reactive protein(CRP) and white blood cell.Results Compared with the non-infection group,the infection group got a significantly higher levels of SAA [(104.73 ± 34.74) mg/L vs.(6.12 ±0.74) mg/L,t =25.546,P =0.000] and hs-CRP [(142.35 ± 43.84) mg/L vs.(18.45 ± 5.39) mg/L,t =24.595,P =0.000] and white blood cell [(11.48 ± 3.59) × 109/L vs.(7.49 ± 2.83) × 109/L,t =6.305,P =0.000] and CRP [(32.58 ± 10.48) mg/L vs.(16.34 ± 8.47) mg/L,t =8.496,P =0.000].The area under the Receiver Operating Characteristic of SAA,hs-CRP,white blood cell and CRP were 0.879 (95％ confidence interval:0.825 ～ 0.920,P =0.000),0.858(95％ confidence interval:0.792 ～0.925,P =0.000),0.737(95％ confidence interval:0.658 ～0.817,P =0.000) and 0.767 (95 ％ confidence interval:0.713 ～ 0.822,P =0.000).Z tests showed that the areas under the curve of SAA and hs-CRP in the diagnosis of postoperative infection in patients with ovarian tumor were higher than white blood cells and CRP(all P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion SAA and hs-CRP have better diagnostic values in the postoperative infection of ovarian tumor,and it is worth to be popularized.

BACKGROUND: There are different reports on the comorbidity rates of anxiety and depression. In the pathopsychology of depression, it is unclear for the relationship between coping styles and personality in depressive patient accompanied with anxiety disorders.OBJECTIVE: To analyze the relationship between coping styles and personality in depressive patient with anxious disorders.DESIGN: A case-control study.SETTTNG: Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University; Hunan Brain Hospital.PARTICIPANTS: Eighty-eight patients with depression were selected from the Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University and Hunan Brain Hospital from June 2002 to January 2003. Ninety subjects were selected as normal control group from the employees or their family members, health volunteers in the Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University and Sun Yat-sen University.METHODS: All the subjects were surveyed with self-rating depression scale (SDS), self-rating anxiety scale (SAS), coping style questionnaire and Eysenck personality questionnaire (EPQ).MATN OUTCOME MEASURES: ① Comparison of the scores of SDS, SAS, coping styles questionnaire and EPQ between the depressive group and normal control group; ② Comparison of the scores of SDS, SAS, coping styles questionnaire and EPQ between the depressive patients with and without anxious symptoms. ③ Pearson correlation analysis and stepwise regression analysis of all the indexes in the depressive group.RESULTS: ① All the 178 subjects were involved in the final analysis of results. ① The total scores of SDS and SAS, the scores of psychoticism and neuroticism of EPQ in the depressive group were significantly higher than those in the normal control group, but the score of introversion-extraversion of EPQ and passive coping style were lower than those in the control group. ② The total scores of SDS and SAS, the scores of psychoticism and neuroticism of EPQ were obviously higher but the score of active coping style was lower in the depressive patients with anxious symptoms than in those without anxious symptoms. ③ The correlation analysis and stepwise regression analysis suggested that the severity of depressive symptom was significantly related with SAS, introversion-extraversion dimension of EPQ and passive coping style.CONCLUSION: ① Depressive patients suffer from obvious depressive and anxious symptoms and psychoticism, and they inclined to introversion and emotional instability, and adopt less active coping style. ② Depressive patients with anxious symptoms suffer from more serious depressive symptoms, psychoticism and neuroticism, and they adopt active passive coping style. ③ Less adoption of active coping style can be brought into the dimension of introversion-extraversion in personality trait.

Objective To study the character of influenza A (H1N1) virus hemagglutinin from human and animal in order to discuss relation of hemagglutinin from between human and animal. Methods Influenza A( H1N1 ) virus hemagglutinin from human, swine and avian were downloaded from NCBI. The above hemagglutinin amino acid sequences were used to compare and establish protein evolution tree. Results Homology of influenza A( H1N1 ) virus hemagglutinin amino acid sequences from human in 2009 is high (99%-100%). But the coherence between influenza A( H1N1 ) virus hemagglutinin amino acid sequences from human in 2009, swine and avian is low, only 77% -90% ( homology is 90% between only ABW36355 from swine and influenza A( H1N1 ) virus hemagglutinin amino acid sequences from human in 2009. The other is 77%-83%). Protein evolution tree show that hemagglutinin amino acid sequences from human,swine and avian is respectively on different branch on evolution tree. The homology between influenza A(H1N1) virus hemagglutinin amino acid sequences from human in 2009(exclude ADA71154) and before 2009 is low, only 79%-80%. And hemagglutinin amino acid sequences in 2009 and before 2009 are respectively on 3 different branch of evolution tree. Conclusion Prevalent influenza A ( H1N1 ) virus in 2009 is a new virus and the study show that prevalent influenza A( H1N1 ) virus in 2009 do not directly come from swine and avian, and don't directly come from human influenza A(H1N1) virus before 2009.