Gastric cancer is the leading cause of cancer mortality. The determination of early diagnosis and treatment of gastric cancer is an important issue for medical researchers.Although there are many methods to help clinicians detect gastric cancer, the early diagnosis rate is still unsatisfactory. As a newlydeveloped field, nanomedicine provides the potential for the diagnosis and treatment of gastric cancer. Nanomaterials have functional and structural properties that are not available from either discrete or bulk materials. Nanoparticles can be modified to target cancer cells, and when carrying fluorescent agents,they can delineate the focus clearly. Nanoparticles can also kill tumor cells without injuring normal cells when they serve as the drug loader. Fluorescent nanoparticles can also guide surgeons to resect lesions completely and clear the metastatic lymph nodes completely.

The effects of the cyclin E expression levels on chemotherapeutic sensitivity of breast cancer cell line were explored. After the cyclin E expression was knockdown in MDA-MB-435 by RNA interference, FACS analysis and SA-beta-gal staining were used to evaluate the response sensitivity of breast cancer cells to DNA damage drugs (adriamycin, etc.). Adriamycin could induce G1 arrest in cyclin E knockdown MDA-MB-435 breast cell line and increase the percentage of cell senescence in cyclin E knockdown MDA-MB-435 cells. It was suggested that cyclin E knockdown could increase the chemotherapeutic sensitivity of breast cancer cells to DNA damage drugs.

The role of nuclear factor kappaB in intestine injury induced by hepatic ischemia reperfusion was investigated. Eighteen male Wistar rats were divided into 3 groups randomly: sham operation group (group A), hepatic ischemia reperfusion group (group B) and hepatic ischemia reperfusion plus pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate (PDTC) group (group C). The rats in group A were only subjected to laparotomy, those in group B underwent partial hepatic ischemia reperfusion (ischemia for 1 h and reperfusion for 2 h) and those in group C underwent the same procedure as that of group B but received PDTC 200 mg/kg i.v. before and after ischemia. After reperfusion, tissues of jejunum and venous blood were obtained for measurement of TNF-alpha, MDA and MPO. The levels of TNF-alpha in jejunum and venous blood, the levels of MPO in jejunum in group B were significantly higher than those in group A and group C (P<0.05). There was no significant different in the levels of MDA between group B and group C. The severity of histological intestinal injury in group B and group C was similar. Hepatic ischemia reperfusion caused intestine injury, NF-kappaB may play an important role in this course and the targeting of upstream components of the inflammatory response, such as NF-kappaB, may have important therapeutic applications.
Intestines/*pathology ; Liver/*blood supply ; Liver/metabolism ; NF-kappa B/*biosynthesis ; Random Allocation ; Rats, Wistar ; Reperfusion Injury/*metabolism

Objective To examine the efficacy of applying clinical pathway (CP) teaching model in orthopedics clinical teaching.Methods Totally 64 medical undergraduates were randomized into 2 groups.The traditional teaching method and CP model were separately preformed on them.Their scores of theoretical,manipulation and case analysis exams at the end of internship were compared.Meanwhile the questionnaire of satisfaction degree also was conducted.Results Scores of exams and satisfaction degree were better in CP group than in classical group (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusions The novel CP model can promote the standardization and systematization of clinical teaching in orthopedics.It is conducive to evaluating teaching effect and performing teaching reform.Meanwhile,it is in accordance with the problem-based learning and can improve clinical teaching effect and satisfaction degree.

Objective To explore the clinical characteristics, diagnosis, treatment and prognosis of synchronous occurrence of gastrointestinal stromal tumor( CIST) and digestive tract cancer in 6 cases. Methods The clinical and pathologic data of 6 patients of synchronous occurrence of gastrointestinal stromal tumor and digestive tract cancer from January 2005 to September 2010 in Wuhan Union Hospital were analyzed retrospectively. Results In 4 cases both tumors were located in the same organ, in the other 2 cases tumors were located in the adjacent sites of digestive tract. Only 1 case was found both tumors by preoperative examination , and the others were found digestive tract cancer. Gastrointestinal stromal tumors were all in the very low risk group, the diameter of CISTs was less than 1 cm and the mitotic score was less than 2/50 HPF in all the cases. Digestive tract cancer showed no specical demonstrations both macroscopically and microscopically. Conclusions Clinical features of synchronous occurrence of CIST and digestive tract cancer are atypical. We should pay much attention to this entity in clinical practice. In this series, most CIST are in early stage and of low risk of malignance. The prognosis of patients with synchronous occurrence of GIST and digestive tract cancer mainly depends on digestive tract cancer.

ObjectiveTo evaluate the changes of hepatic blood perfusion in cirrhotic patients undergoing pericardial devascularization (PCDV).MethodsHepatic artery and portal vein perfusion of 22 pre- and post- PCDV cirrhotic patients were evaluated with rheohepatogram(RHG) and ultrasonography (USG).ResultsCompared with normal control, the hepatic artery, portal vein effective perfusion and total hepatic perfusion decreased on RHG 〔(0.053?0.011) vs. (0.031?0.009),(0.033?0.011) vs. (0.018?0.008),〔(7.7?3.0) vs. (3.5?1.7), all P

Objective To investigate whether tumor necrosis factor-? (TNF-?) enhance the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and matrix metalloproteinase-9(MMP-9) in hepatic cancer cell line HepG2 or not. Methods Cultured HepG2 cells were treated by TNF-? with various concentration and time. The morphological changes of HepG2 cells were studied microscopically and the proliferation of HepG2 were detected by methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium (MTT). The expression of VEGF and MMP-9 mRNA in cultured HepG2 were determined by relative quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction. The VEGF and MMP-9 protein level in supernatants and in cytoplasm were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and by immunocytochemical staining, respectively.Results There was a little morphological changes in HepG2 with TNF-? treatment, but no change of cell proliferation in corresponding time. The expression of VEGF and MMP-9 mRNA was enhanced gradually with the TNF-? concentration increasing, the VEGF and MMP-9 protein level in supernatants and in cytoplasm was elevated gradually with the concentration increasing. There was a dependance on the concentration when the concentration of TNF-? was lower than or equal to 10~4 U/L. Furthermore, the effect of promotion was close to peak when the TNF-? concentration up to 10~4 U/L; but no time-effect pattern observed. Conclusion TNF-? can enhance the expression of VEGF and MMP-9 at the level of mRNA and protein in hepatic cancer cell line.

Objective To study the inhibitory effect of human antisense high mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) gene on the growth of human pancreatic adenocarcinoma cell line (PANC-1).Methods HMGB1 was cloned and reversely inserted into eukaryotic expression vector pcDNA3.1 to get pcDNA3.1/anti-HMGB1, which was then transfected by liposome method into PANC-1 cells.After G418 selection, HMGB1 expression of PANC-1 cells before and after transfection was detected by RT-PCR and Western blot, the cell proliferating activity in vitro was examined by MTT analysis, and cell cycle and apoptosis were assessed by flow cytometry.Results pcDNA3.1/anti-HMGB1 vector was obtained.After transfection with pcDNA3.1/anti-HMGB1, HMGB1 gene expression of PANC-1 cells was inhibited in both mRNA and protein level, and the proliferation of cultured pancreatic adenocarcinoma cells was suppressed with a suppression rate higher than 40 % on the sixth day.The cells of G1 phase increased obviously while the cell number of S phase decreased, the number of apoptosic cell increased.Conclusion Antisense HMGB1 gene can inhibit the proliferation of human ancreatic adenocarcinoma cells and increase the cell apoptosis rate.

Objective To evaluate the analytical variables of the reversed-phase high pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC) with 5-Fluorouracil(5-Fu) as an internal standard for determining creatinine in human serum and urine. The method was used as a candidate reference method for accuracy assessment of routine creatinine test kits.Methods We tested the accuracy, precision, linearity of the reversed-phase HPLC.We analyzed split samples of a panel of 85 patients’ serum and 94 patients’ urine and compared the results of the routine test kits and HPLC by means of bias plots (percentage differences of results) and standard linear regression.Results The linear range of HPLC method was up to 2 210 ?mol/L, the within-run CV(n=5) was below 2.5% and the between-day CV(n=10) was less than 4.5%. The analytical recovery rate was 96.3%～102.4%. All of the test kits correlated very well with HPLC.Conclusions We recommend the reversed-phase HPLC with 5-Fu as an internal standard as a candidate reference method for determining creatinine in human serum and urine.The enzymatic method with creatininase coupled sarcosine oxidase is suitable for routine work in clinical laboratories.

Objective To study the effect of different cag pathogenicity island in Helicobacter pylori ( Hp ) from Chinese patients and various kinase inhibitors on Hp induced interleukin 8 (IL 8) secretion in Chinese gastric epithelial cells. Method Chinese gastric epithelial cells(MGC 803) were cocultured with Chinese clinical cagA +cagE +, cagA +cagE -,cagA -cagE +,cagA -cagE - Hp in vitro, respectively. At the end of culture, IL 8 protein secretion was assayed by ELISA. The effect of the inhibitor of protein kinase A(PKA), C, G, protein tyrosine kinase(PTK) was analyzed on IL 8 protein secretion in gastric epithelial cells by Hp stimulation. Results cagA +cagE + Hp induced IL 8 protein secretion higher than cagA + cagE - or cagA -cagE + Hp , but cagA -cagE - Hp didn′t increase IL 8 protein secretion in gastric epithelial cells. Further studies with gastric epithelial cell showed that IL 8 protein secretion induced by cagA +cagE + Hp was blocked by the PTK inhibitor herbimycin A but not by PKA inhibitor H7, PKC inhibitor calphostin C, and PKG inhibitor KT5823. Conclusion cagA +cagE + Hp significantly increases IL 8 protein secretion and it depends on PTK activation in gastric epithelial cells.