Objective To study the effect of different analgesia methods on postoperative cellular immune function in patients with radical resection of lung cancer.Methods Fifty patients undergoing selective radical resection of lung cancer were randomly divided into two groups.Group A (25 patients) was given morphine patient-controlled epidural analgesia(PCEA) and group B (25 patients) was given preemptive analgesia with parecoxib combined with morphine PCEA.T-lymphocyte subsets (CD4+,CD8+)and natural killer cell (NK cell) were measured by flow cytometry at preanesthesia,2 h intraoperative,24,48 h postoperative.Results The level of CD4+,CD8+ and NK cell in two groups at preanesthesia had no significant difference (P ＞0.05).The level of CD4+ and CD4+/CD8+ in two groups at 2 h intraoperative,24,48 h postoperative were significantly lower compared with preanesthesia (group A:CD4+:0.252 ± 0.035,0.227 ±0.025,0.248 ± 0.028 vs.0.310 ± 0.032,CD4+/CD8+:1.2 ± 0.1,1.0 ± 0.1,1.1 ± 0.2 vs.1.5 ± 0.2;group B:CD4+:0.265 ± 0.033,0.263 ± 0.028,0.264 ± 0.031 vs.0.312 ± 0.035,CD4+/CD8+:1.3 ± 0.2,1.2 ± 0.1,1.2 ± 0.1 vs.1.4 ± 0.1)(P ＜ 0.05).Compared with group A,the range of descend of CD4+ and CD4+/CD8+ in group B was significantly less at 24,48 h postoperative (P ＜ 0.05).The level of NK cell in two groups at 24,48 h postoperative was significantly lower than preanesthesia(O.112 + 0.019,0.113 + 0.016 vs.0.126 + 0.019 and 0.117 +0.016,0.120 +0.018 vs.0.127 + 0.021) (P ＜0.05).The level of NK cell in group B at 24,48 h postoperative was significantly higher than that in group A (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion Parecoxib sodium preemptive analgesia combined with morphine PCEA may reduce immune depress in tumor palients by lowering the range of descend of CD4+ and NK cell.

Objective To establish dried blood spot determination for quantitative analysis of creatine phosphokinase (CK) activity; To analyze the correlation of CK value between serum detection and dried spot determination, and set up a 'cut-off point' for screening of pathologically high CK values in dried blood spot determination. MethodsA total of 100 samples were analyzed quantitatively with two methods (serum detection and dried blood spot determination) for CK activity. The correlation of the two methods was studied. The ' cut-off point' for screening of pathologically high CK in dried blood spot determination was calculated with receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC curve). ResultsOf the 100 samples, 50 were normal and other 50 were abnormal when the 'cut-off point' was set at serum CK of 170 IU/L. There was a positive correlation in CK values between serum detection and dried blood spot determination (r = 0.764, P < 0.01). However, the values measured with the two methods could not be interchanged. The sensitivity and the specificity were 90% when the 'cut-off point' was set at 150 lUlL. The sensitivity and the specificity were 70% and 72%, respectively, when the 'cut-off point' was set at 400 IU/L. ConclusionsThere was a good correlation in CK activity between serum detection and dried blood spot determination. 400 IU/L could be suggested as the 'cut-off point' for detecting pathologically high CK in dried blood spot determination.

Objective: To study the impact of basic medical insurance on household consumption. Methods: According to the panel data of the east, central and west regions from 2002 to 2011, time and entity fixed effect model (Two-way FE) is established to test the relationship between the basic medical insurance and household consumption. Results: The basic medical insurance has significant positive effects on consumption, the consumption increased 10%, 16% and 19% in regions of East, Middle and West, respectively. Conclusion: The construction and improvement of the social medical insurance system improve the growth of the consumption, and the government should enhance the security, and consider the regional differences at the same time.

Objective To evaluate the clinical significance of classifying vertebral artery-atlas complex using angiographic CT (computed tomography angiography,CTA).Methods The CTA data of 225 patients were reconstructed three-dimensionally in Mimics.The region of V3 segment of vertebral artery and isthmus of atlas's posterior arch were reconstructed as vertebral artery-atlas complex,classify according to the relationship of the two.The complex types were classed into 3 types and 7 subtypes.Type A was conventional type,which means V3 segment locates above the isthmus of atlas.The distance between vertebral artery and atlas was larger than 1.8 mm in A1 subtype.The distance was between 1.8 and 0.6 mm in A2,and less than 0.6 mm in A3.Type B was variation of vertebral artery.Subtype B1 was far-away variation,which means artery doesn't pass around posterior arch of atlas.Subtype B2 means the artery passed underneath the arch of atlas.Type C was variation of bone.Bone structure was closed in subtype C 1,and unclosed in subtype C2.The distance between artery and atlas was measured in subtype A1 and A2.Results There were 450 cases of vertebral artery-atlas complex in the 225 patients,which could be divided into A1,including 57 (12.7％),A2,including 115 (25.6％),A3,including 194 (43.1％); B1 including 20 (4.4％),B2,including 9 (2.0％); C1,including 34 (7.6％),C2,including 21 (4.7％).More than half patients (50.2％) had different subtype in both sides.The measured value of VAD was 2.42±0.52 and 1.20±0.36 mm in subtype A 1 and A2 respectively.Conclusion Reconstructing CTA images before fixation of atlas can clearly demonstrate the complex of V3 segment of vertebral artery and isthmus of the posterior arch of atlas.Classifying the complex and choose appropriate method of inserting screws can improve the security of the operation.

Objective To explore which category of pictures could induce neutral emotion better for male and female respectively,and investigate the effects of inducing neutral emotion with eight categories of neutral pictures,including the nature,plants,animals,humans,culture,death-waste,food and computer graphics.Methods Using selected stimuli from the simple version (revised by Huang and Luo(2004)) of the International Affective Picture System (IAPS),the rating of calm-mood degree were collected for 135 neutral pictures based on 186 undergraduate students (78 male and 108 female).Results The pictures in the categories of plants(6.87 ±1.53),nature(7.00 ± 1.73) and culture(6.93 ± 1.37) induced neutral emotion significantly better than human (5.89 ± 1.49),computer graphics (5.94 ± 1.93) and food (5.87 ± 2.03) (P ＜ 0.05) which were better than animals (5.03 ± 1.70) and death-waste (4.71 ± 1.94) (P ＜ 0.05).In addition,gender difference was found in rating calm-mood degree for death-waste,people and animals categories.For these categories males showed higher rating for the calm-mood degree than females (P＜ 0.05),while for the other categories,there was no gender difference.Conclusion The ideal categories of neutral pictures that inducing neutral emotion are plants,nature and culture.This study provide empirical evidences for selecting and using pictures to induce relative calm mood in the emotional study,and the contribution of this study to the clinical research is discussed.

Objective To discuss the difference of preoperative examination and matters needing attention between osteoarthritis(OA)and rheumatoid arthritis(RA)patients who received total knee replacement(TKR).Methods Preoperative examination results were analyzed retrospectively between OA patients(362 cases)and RA patients(91 cases)who received TKR.Results The age of OA patients was significantly higher than RA patients[(66.55±7.78)years vs.(58.93±13.46)years,P＜0.05].There was significant difference in rate of diabetes between OA and RA patients[26.52％(96/362)vs.37.36％(34/91),P＜0.05].There was no significant difference in the rate of lumbar vertebrae disease between OA and RA patients[33.43％(121/362)vs.23.08％(21/91),P＞0.05].The body mass index,haematocrit and hemoglobin in OA patients were significantly higher than those in RA patients[(27.71±3.98)kg/m2 vs.(24.37±4.30)kg/m2,0.38±0.05 vs.0.33±0.06,(130.17±17.59)g/L vs.(111.45±18.56)g/L,P＜0.01].The erythrocyte sedimentation rate,C-reactive protein and D-dimer in OA patients were significantly lower than those in RA patients[(27.77±27.66)mm/1 h vs.(59.76±32.00)mm/1 h,(17.23±27.66)mg/L vs.(30.00±32.27)mg/L,(268.54±299.83)μ g/L vs.(990.09±550.91)μg/L,P＜0.01 or＜0.05].The rate of using glucocorticoid in RA patients was significantly higher than OA patients[8.8％(8/91)vs.0,P＜0.01].There was no significant difference in the rate of urinary system infection(P＞0.05).Conclusions The preoperative examination is found significantly different between OA and RA patients who received TKR.According to different focuses on,dealing with various kinds of complications and correct guidance on preoperative treatment,can ensure the safety of operation.

Objective To compare the value of prostatic specific antigen(PSA),prostate volume (PV)and PSA density(PSAD)in healthy Chinese males between Uygur and Han and to analyze the relationship between age and above indexes.Methods Serum PSA of 1278 healthy Chinese men over than 40 years was measured by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay.The group composed of 555 Uygur males and 723 Han males was divided into four different age groups based on every ten years.40-49 year group: 395 (Uygur: 175,Han: 220);50-59 year group: 325(Uygur: 143,Han: 182);60-69 year group: 281(Uygur: 131,Han: 150);over than 70 year group: 277(Uygur: 106,Han: 171).The length,width and height of the prostate were measured by trans-abdominal ultrasound.The value of PSA,PV and PSAD were correlated with age using the correlation analysis.Results PSA and PV of Uygur were as follows,40 year group:(0.69 ± 0.50)μg/L,(22.83 ± 8.20)ml;50 year group:(0.87 ± 0.52)μg/L,(25.30 ± 9.27)ml;60 year group:(1.08 ±0.56)μg/L,(27.68 ±13.10)ml;70 year group:(2.39 ±0.99)μg/L,(36.36 ± 18.71)ml.PSA and PV of Han were as follows,40 year group:(1.01 ± 0.83)μg/L,(23.01 ±7.57)ml;50 year group:(1.26 ±0.80)μg/L,(27.23 ±10.24)ml;60 year group:(1.66 ±0.79)μg/L,(33.88±17.59)ml;70 year group:(2.51 ±1.11)μg/L,(43.98 ±20.21)ml.The value of PSA and PV of Uygur were less than those of Han in each age group and there were significant differences(P ＜ 0.05).PSAD of Uygur and Han in different age group were as follows: 40 year group:0.041 ± 0.022,0.042 ± 0.027;50 year group: 0.039 ± 0.027,0.040 ± 0.031;60 year group: 0.040 ±0.021,0.041 ±0.025;70 year group: 0.039 ± 0.020,0.040 ± 0.029.The PSAD showed no difference between two nationalities or any age group.With the increasing age,the value of PSA and PV gradually increased and the positive correlation was found among age,PSA and PV in both Uygar and Han nationalities.Conclusions The value of PSA and PV are affected by nationality and age.PSAD between different nationalities and age groups has no difference.

Objective To investigate the relationship between single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs),serum CD31 and HCC.Methods We analyzed three single nucleotide polymorphisms of CD31 gene Leu125Val,Asn563Ser and Gly670Arg in 190 HCC patients and 210 age and sex matched controls in a Chinese population,using a polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) strategy,and the serum level of CD31 was determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).Results The distributions of CD31 gene Asn563Ser and Gly670Arg polymorphisms were not significantly different between HCC and control group (x2 =0.491,P ＞ 0.05),but the CD31 gene Leu125Val polymorphism was significantly different (x2 =10.988,P ＜ 0.05).The relative risk suffering from HCC of Val allele was 1.583 times of the Leu allele carriers(OR =1.583,95％ CI,1.197-2.093,P =0.001) ; Serum level of CD31 Val allele carriers was significantly higher than that of no carriers(x2 =10.408,P ＜ 0.05).Consistent with the results of the genotyping analyses,CD31 gene Leu125Val,Asn563Ser and Gly670Arg polymorphisms showed strong linkage disequilibrium,the Val-Ser-Arg haplotype was associated with a significantly increased risk of HCC as compared with the controls (OR =1.496,95％CI:1.095-2.046,P =0.011).Conclusions CD31 gene Leu125Val polymorphism and its Val-Ser-Arg haplotype were associated with HCC,Val allele is an important genetic susceptibility gene for HCC.CD31 Val allele carriers may subject to higher risk of HCC with enhanced CD31 expression.

Objective To compare the effects of transabdominal hysterectomy(TAH),transvaginal hysterectomy(TVH),and laparoscopic total hysterectomy(LTH)on sexual function and psychological health.Methods A total of 100 patients undergoing TAH,100 patients undergoing TVH,and 40 patients undergoing LTH were followed up for 1 year.All the patients were aged between 45 and 54 years.The Results of the questionnaire on sexual function and psychological health were analyzed and compared with those from 100 control subjects undergoing hysteromyomectomy.Results In pateints under 50 years of age,no significant difference in the sexual function and psychological health was found between control group and any one of TAH,TVH,and LTH goups.In patients aged 50 yeare and older.ESFI score decreased from control group to TVH group to LTH group to TAH group;CHQ-12 score increased from control group to TVH group to LTH group to TAH group;and there was significant difference in the FSFI and CHQ-12 scores both between TAH and control groups and between TAH and TVH groups(P＜0.05).Conclusion There is no obvious effect of these 3 surgical approches to hysterectomy on the sexual function and psychological health in patients under 50 years of age,and there is no significant difference in the sexual function and psychological health among these 3 surgcial approaches.In patients aged 50 yean;and older,TAH has a negative impact on the psychological health and sexual function.

More and more evidences have shown that disorder of ubiquitination regulates the genesis and development of tumors.Ubiquitin-conjugating enzymeE2C(UBE2C), an important member of Ubiquitin-Conjugating Enzyme family, is the key factor for metaphase-metaphase transition regulation .In recent years , many studies have focused on the relationship between UBE2 C and tumors .This article reviews the progress of UBE2C expression status in tumors, its influence on genesis and development of tumors and the underlying mechanism .