This is a descriptive study of Tersons syndrome among patients with aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage at the Philippine General Hospital. The incidence of Tersons syndrome was 13.4 percent. There were no statistically significant differences in outcomes among patients with and without Tersons syndrome. (Author)
Human ; EYE DISEASES ; EYE HEMORRHAGE ; RETINAL HEMORRHAGE ; VITREOUS HEMORRHAGE ; VITREOUS HEMORRHAGE/ETIOLOGY ; PROGNOSIS ; ANEURYSM ; SUBARACHNOID HEMORRHAGE

Terson's syndrome has been implicated by previous studies as a strong predictor of poor outcome of patients with subarachnoid hemorrhage. There was even a recommendation to place patients with the syndrome in the next less favorable category. Hence this study was designed to provide a general profile of patients with Terson's syndrome and investigate whether the syndrome correlates with poor outcome. This study was done using a prospective cohort of patients seen at the Philippine General Hospital pay and charity wards from July 1, 1999 to June 30, 2000 diagnosed to have aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage. Detailed ophthalmological examination was done and data were collected using a standard database. Patients were then followed up at 2 weeks, 1 month and 3 months to determine outcome (using Glasgow Outcome Score). Data collected were subjected to univariate analysis using chi square and/or Fisher test to determine significant correlation of variables with Terson's syndrome and to determine significance of Terson's syndrome as a predictor of poor outcome. A total of 52 patients were included in the study. The general demographic profile of patients with Terson's syndrome was comparable to that of the study population. The frequency of Terson's syndrome was 13.4 percent. There were no statistically significant differences in outcomes among patients with and without Terson's syndrome. However, positive correlation between laterality of Terson's syndrome with the side of aneurysm was shown. Although results were not significant, funduscopic examination remains to be warranted as an important part of diagnostic work-up of aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage patients. When present, the laterality of Terson's syndrome may give a clue to the presence and side of the aneurysm.

PURPOSE: To evaluate various types and; characteristics of non-retinal lesions associated with ultra-wide field scanning laser ophthalmoscope images. METHODS: This retrospective study included 139 eyes of 139 patients with non-retinal lesions observed on color images obtained using Optomap 200Tx (Optos PLC, Dunfermline, Scotland, UK). The non-retinal lesion is a hyperreflective or hyporeflective shadow due to anterior segment of the eye or vitreous except the retina. Types and characteristics of red laser separation, green laser separation and autofluorescence images of non-retinal lesions were evaluated. RESULTS: All non-retinal lesions in images were categorized into 2 groups according to the location of non-retinal lesions. The anterior non-retinal lesions group included corneal opacity, cataract and posterior capsular opacity. The posterior non-retinal lesions group included asteroid hyalosis, posterior vitreous detachment, vitreous opacity and vitreous hemorrhage. Anterior non-retinal lesions were more often hyporeflective in red and green laser separation images (p < 0.001). Posterior non-retinal lesions were more often hyperreflective in green laser separation images and hyporeflective in red laser separation images (p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: Ultra-wide field scanning laser ophthalmoscope images can frequently have various shadows from anterior or posterior lesions of the eye. These shadows show a difference in reflectivity depending on their origins. To understand the difference helps in the interpretation of the fundus images.
Cataract ; Corneal Opacity ; Humans ; Ophthalmoscopes* ; Retina ; Retrospective Studies ; Scotland ; Vitreous Detachment ; Vitreous Hemorrhage

Experimental vitreous hemorrhage was induced in rabbit eye by rupturing the choroidal vessels mechanically with a 26 gauge needle introduced into the eye through the supero-nasal quadrant of the sclera, 10mm posterior to the limbus. Absorption of vitreous hemorrhage was evaluated by indirect ophthalmoscopy in the following groups and pathological specimens were obtained three months after vitreous hemorrhage. Group I: after vitreous hemorrhage, no additional management was done for control(4 eyes). Group II: vitreous gel was disrupted mechanically with 26 gauge needle to liquefy the vitreous(4 eyes). Group III: 1cc of vitreous waS replaced with the same amount of normal saline prior to vitreous hemorrhage (4 eyes). Group IV: 0.3cc of hyaluronidase (75 units) was injected into the posterior vitreous prior to vitreous hemorrhage (4 eyes). In groups I, II, and IV, vitreous hemorrhages were completely absorbed in 8 to 10 weeks. whereas absorption time was shortened in group m to 6 to 8 weeks. Pathological specimen revealed no infiltrations of inflammatory cells, but only glial proliferations.
Absorption ; Choroid ; Hyaluronoglucosaminidase ; Needles ; Ophthalmoscopy ; Sclera ; Vitreous Hemorrhage*

Vitreous opacity is one of the common indication for pars plana vitrectomy to restore clarity of the optical pathway of the eye. We reviewed the hospital records of 82 patients who underwent pars plana vitrectomy for vitreous opacity at Yeungnam University Hospital from July 1, 1983 to February 28, 1987 and analyzed the functional results. Causes of vitreous opacity were traumatic vitreous hemorrhage in 23.5%, that with retinal branch vein occlusion in 22.3%, endoph-thalmitis in 21.2% and vitreous hemorrhage with proliferative diabetic retinopathy in 10.5%. Visual improvement was noted in 64.7% and no change in 21.2% while 14.1% worsened following the operation. Vitrectomy was found to be more beneficial to vitreous hemorrhage in Terson's syndrome and that with retinal branch vein occlusion.
Diabetic Retinopathy ; Hospital Records ; Humans ; Retinaldehyde ; Veins ; Vitrectomy* ; Vitreous Hemorrhage

Epiretinal membrane is occurred on the inner retinal surface, and its causes are numerous ocular condition and disease, including ocular inflammatory conditions, proliferative retinopathy, nonproliferative retinal vascular disorders, blunt or penetrating injuries, vitreous hemorrhages. Also it is appeared not only after the surgery for retinal detachment or rhegmatogenous retinal detachment but after the cryopexy and ocular photocoagulation and sometimes it is idiopathically appeared without any special reason. Recently the vitreous surgery makes the removing of the epiretinal membrane from the inner retinal surface easy. In this study, removed the epiretinal membrane during the partial vitrectomy occurred with idiopathic and that occurred after the surgery for retinal detachment. we electromicroscopically compared and analyzed them.
Epiretinal Membrane* ; Light Coagulation ; Retinal Detachment ; Retinaldehyde ; Vitrectomy ; Vitreous Hemorrhage

Epiretinal membrane is occurred on the inner retinal surface, and its causes are numerous ocular condition and disease, including ocular inflammatory conditions, proliferative retinopathy, nonproliferative retinal vascular disorders, blunt or penetrating injuries, vitreous hemorrhages. Also it is appeared not only after the surgery for retinal detachment or rhegmatogenous retinal detachment but after the cryopexy and ocular photocoagulation and sometimes it is idiopathically appeared without any special reason. Recently the vitreous surgery makes the removing of the epiretinal membrane from the inner retinal surface easy. In this study, removed the epiretinal membrane during the partial vitrectomy occurred with idiopathic and that occurred after the surgery for retinal detachment. we electromicroscopically compared and analyzed them.
Epiretinal Membrane* ; Light Coagulation ; Retinal Detachment ; Retinaldehyde ; Vitrectomy ; Vitreous Hemorrhage

In the process of closing a scleral wound caused by various conditions, incarceration af the conjunctiva, Tenon's capsule or vitreous in the wound can occur unexpectedly. We created such conditions experimentally to determine their intraocular complications. The experimental, materials were 12 albino rabhits(24 eyes) and the rabbits were divided into two groups(I and II). Group I rabbits(12 eyes) received no vinectormy and group II rabbits(12 eyes) received a vitrectormy. After the conjunctiva and Tenon's capsule flap was made, the tissue flap was inserted into the vitreous cavity through the sclerotomy site- Fundus examination with an indirect ophthalmoscope and enucleation for histology were performed at 3 days, 1 week, 3 weeks, 6 weeks, 3 months and 6 months after the experiment. The results were as follows: 1, Intraocular fibrovascular proliferation developed in all experimental rabbit eyes. 2. The more vitreous hemorrhage developed, the greater was the fibrovascular proliferation and the degree of fibrovascular proliferation was more marked in group II than group I. 3. The fibrovascular proliferation developed to a band in 3 weeks, then regressed gradually. 4. The fibrovascular band was composed of fibroblasts, stromal matrix and few vessels.
Conjunctiva ; Fibroblasts ; Ophthalmoscopes ; Rabbits ; Tenon Capsule ; Vitreous Hemorrhage ; Wounds and Injuries*

In the process of closing a scleral wound caused by various conditions, incarceration af the conjunctiva, Tenon's capsule or vitreous in the wound can occur unexpectedly. We created such conditions experimentally to determine their intraocular complications. The experimental, materials were 12 albino rabhits(24 eyes) and the rabbits were divided into two groups(I and II). Group I rabbits(12 eyes) received no vinectormy and group II rabbits(12 eyes) received a vitrectormy. After the conjunctiva and Tenon's capsule flap was made, the tissue flap was inserted into the vitreous cavity through the sclerotomy site- Fundus examination with an indirect ophthalmoscope and enucleation for histology were performed at 3 days, 1 week, 3 weeks, 6 weeks, 3 months and 6 months after the experiment. The results were as follows: 1, Intraocular fibrovascular proliferation developed in all experimental rabbit eyes. 2. The more vitreous hemorrhage developed, the greater was the fibrovascular proliferation and the degree of fibrovascular proliferation was more marked in group II than group I. 3. The fibrovascular proliferation developed to a band in 3 weeks, then regressed gradually. 4. The fibrovascular band was composed of fibroblasts, stromal matrix and few vessels.
Conjunctiva ; Fibroblasts ; Ophthalmoscopes ; Rabbits ; Tenon Capsule ; Vitreous Hemorrhage ; Wounds and Injuries*

PURPOSE: To compare the accuracy of refractive outcome measured by Ultrascan(R) (Alcon, Fort Worth, TX, USA) and partial coherence interferometers after phacovitrectomy. METHODS: We performed a retrospective study in 74 eyes of 74 patients who underwent phacovitrectomy. SRK-T formula was used to predict intraocular lens (IOL) power. The difference between the predicted and postoperative refractive outcomes for the 2 methodologies (Ultrascan(R) and IOL Master(R) [Zeiss, Carl Zeiss, Jena, Germany]) were compared. The predicted refractive outcome was defined as the estimated refractive error when the selected IOL was inserted. RESULTS: The axial length measured using IOL Master(R) was statistically longer than when measured using Ultrascan(R) (23.85 +/- 0.15 mm, 23.56 +/- 0.15 mm, p < 0.001). Based on keratometry, statistically significant difference between the 2 groups was not observed. The postoperative refractive error was more accurate when using the IOL Master(R) than Ultrascan(R) (0.08 +/- 0.74, 0.47 +/- 0.69, p < 0.001). However, in cases of vitreous hemorrhage, the postoperative refractive error was 0.42 +/- 0.49 with the IOL Master(R) and 0.07 +/- 0.54 with the Ultrascan(R). CONCLUSIONS: Generally, IOL Master(R) is a more accurate method for calculating the IOL power prior to phacovitrectomy. However, in cases of vitreous hemorrhage, Ultrascan(R) appears superior to IOL Master(R) when calculating the IOL power.
Humans ; Lenses, Intraocular ; Refractive Errors* ; Retrospective Studies ; Ultrasonography* ; Vitreous Hemorrhage