Pheochromocytoma is the cause of hypertension in 0.1% of the hypertencive patits, and in 10% of these cases, the tumor is bilateral. Therefore bilateral pheochromocytoma is very rare. The following is a report of the anesthetic methods employed in the surgical management of a case of bilateral pheochromocytoma which was performed in stages at PNUH, between June 4th and June 12, 1986. The staged operation reduced the instability of the vital signs caused by concurrent manipulation of the bilateral pheochromoytoma and facilitated tumor removal.
Hypertension ; Pheochromocytoma* ; Vital Signs

Pheochromocytoma is the cause of hypertension in 0.1% of the hypertencive patits, and in 10% of these cases, the tumor is bilateral. Therefore bilateral pheochromocytoma is very rare. The following is a report of the anesthetic methods employed in the surgical management of a case of bilateral pheochromocytoma which was performed in stages at PNUH, between June 4th and June 12, 1986. The staged operation reduced the instability of the vital signs caused by concurrent manipulation of the bilateral pheochromoytoma and facilitated tumor removal.
Hypertension ; Pheochromocytoma* ; Vital Signs

The hypnotic activity of diazepam was compared with that of inactive placebo in a double- blind, randomized study in 40 surgical patients the night before their scheduled procedures. Diazepam per os (10mg) produces a pattern of response that differed markedly from that of the placebo. The patient receiving diazepam fell asleep sooner, slept more soundly and steadily and more felt they had been helped to sleep, while fewer awoke during the night. The significant difference Was obtained in both hypnotic and ataractic effects between diazepam and inactive placebo. Neither diaxepam nor inactive placbo caused marked changes in vital signs or any serious side effects.
Diazepam* ; Humans ; Vital Signs

OBJECTIVES: The objective of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of Unicenta (UNCNT) and Melsmon in women with the menopausal symptoms, by analysing the changes in the Kupperman index (primary endpoint), and the hormonal change (secondary endpoint). METHODS: This is a randomized, multi-Center, double-Blind, parallel, non-inferiority clinical study of four different tertiary medical centers. We began the participant recruitment in September 2011, with 218 patients applied over 7 months. All participants had the last visit in April 2012. RESULTS: The Unicenta injection was not inferior to that of Melsmon as measured by the Kupperman index following the injection in both the intent-to-treat and the per-protocol populations (P = 0.63, P = 0.85, respectively). Side effects occurred in 14.0% of the cases (15 patients/18 cases) in the case group, and in 12.6% (14 patients/15 cases) in the control group (P value=0.7599). None were reported to be associated with the medication. The laboratory results and the vital signs showed no statistically significant risk for safety. CONCLUSION: The study showed that Unicenta is not inferior to Melsmon in the change of the Kupperman index after 12 days of injection. The efficacy and safety of Unicenta was shown, with the improvement of the menopausal symptoms.
Female ; Humans ; Menopause ; Vital Signs

BACKGROUND/AIMS: For proper sedation during endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD), propofol has been widely used. This study aimed to compare the levels of sedation and tolerance of patients treated with midazolam (M group) and a combination of midazolam and propofol (MP group) during ESD. METHODS: A total of 44 consecutive patients undergoing ESD were randomly assigned to the two groups. In the M group, 2 mg of midazolam was given repeatedly to maintain after a loading dose of 5 mg. The MP group initially received 5 mg of midazolam and 20 mg of propofol. Then, we increased the dosage of propofol by 20 mg gradually. RESULTS: The average amount of midazolam was 12 mg in the M group. In the M group, 10 patients were given propofol additionally, since they failed to achieve proper sedation. The average amount of propofol was 181 mg in the MP group. Procedure time, vital signs and rates of complications were not significantly different between two groups. Movement of patients and discomfort were lower in the MP group. CONCLUSIONS: During ESD, treatment with propofol and a low dose of midazolam for sedation provides greater satisfaction for endoscopists compared to midazolam alone.
Humans ; Midazolam ; Propofol ; Vital Signs

BACKGROUND/AIMS: For proper sedation during endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD), propofol has been widely used. This study aimed to compare the levels of sedation and tolerance of patients treated with midazolam (M group) and a combination of midazolam and propofol (MP group) during ESD. METHODS: A total of 44 consecutive patients undergoing ESD were randomly assigned to the two groups. In the M group, 2 mg of midazolam was given repeatedly to maintain after a loading dose of 5 mg. The MP group initially received 5 mg of midazolam and 20 mg of propofol. Then, we increased the dosage of propofol by 20 mg gradually. RESULTS: The average amount of midazolam was 12 mg in the M group. In the M group, 10 patients were given propofol additionally, since they failed to achieve proper sedation. The average amount of propofol was 181 mg in the MP group. Procedure time, vital signs and rates of complications were not significantly different between two groups. Movement of patients and discomfort were lower in the MP group. CONCLUSIONS: During ESD, treatment with propofol and a low dose of midazolam for sedation provides greater satisfaction for endoscopists compared to midazolam alone.
Humans ; Midazolam ; Propofol ; Vital Signs

We report a case of left adrenal pheochromocytoma in 17-year-old girl, we observed all of vital sign were returned to normal in 19-th postoperative day
Adolescent ; Female ; Humans ; Pheochromocytoma* ; Vital Signs

Hemodynamic monitoring continuously checks hemodynamic variables for problems so that the clinician can treat them when a patient's vital signs are unstable. There are many different monitoring systems, and many new technologies were developed over the past three decades. It is challenging to understand the many monitoring system in the intensive care units, for example. However, all such monitoring systems are based on the general principle of monitoring oxygen transport to a peripheral organ. In this review, from conventional to recent principles, general concepts and paradigm shifts of hemodynamic monitoring will be discussed.
Hemodynamics* ; Intensive Care Units ; Oxygen ; Vital Signs

BACKGROUND: The effect site is the theoretical compartment in which a drug exerts its action and thus the concentration at this site is a direct determinant of a drug,s effect. This study was performed to compare effect site targeting with plasma targeting with regard to induction phenomena and vital sign changes using propofol target controlled infusion (TCI). METHODS: Forty patients were randomly assigned to one of two groups. Groups were defined as propofol administered via TCI to either a target plasma propofol concentration (group P) or to a target effect site (group E) propofol concentration. We used Master TCI for plasma targeting and a stelpump program for effect site targeting. The concentration targeted for all subjects was 5.7 microgram/ml. We compared the time to loss of consciousness, change of concentration, BP and pulse pressure between groups until the effect site concentration was reached at 5.7 microgram/ml. RESULTS: The median time to LOC in group P was 58.1 +/- 11.8 s and 35.8 +/- 7.9 s in group E (P <0.05). The mean time to achieve the effect site concentration of 5.7 microgram/ml was 18.5 +/- 0.1 min in group P and 3.6 +/- 0.1 min in group E (P < 0.05). Systolic and diastolic blood pressure showed significant changes in group E. CONCLUSIONS: We concluded that anesthetic induction time can be significantly reduced when the effect site concentration is targeted. However, we recommended effect site targeting in anesthesia induction with propofol TCI only in cases of healthy young patients because of possible undesirable hemodynamic changes.
Anesthesia ; Blood Pressure ; Hemodynamics ; Humans ; Plasma ; Propofol ; Unconsciousness ; Vital Signs

OBJECTIVE: In this research, a full-duplex transmission system was developed in order to send real time medical information(i.e. patient vital signs, real-time patient video/audio data) using HSDPA(High-Speed Downlink Packet Access), a 3.5th generation mobile communication system. METHODS: Transmission tests were conducted in an environment simulating that of the inside of a moving ambulance, transporting an emergency patient. The capability of the HSDPA system to transmit emergency medical information has been verified by comparing the prolonged cumulative data, calculating packet loss, and measuring transmission speed. RESULTS: Test results show that the system is capable of transmitting vital signal data, including 12 waveform data, 20 numeric data and 113 events. This provides enough information needed for medical guidance, reading the affected part of the patient, and forwarding 320x420 pixel images at 2fps. Full-duplex voice transmission at 8bit/64kbps is enough to permit reliable communication between emergency medical technicians and hospital professionals. A total of 11.43 kilobytes were lost out of 81.25 megabytes. Therefore, the packet loss was 0.013%. CONCLUSION: The medical transmission system using HSDPA performs well in data transmission speed and communication quality during emergency medical transportation. It is also expected to further improve emergency medical conditions if supplementary systems such as the standard protocol establishment.
Ambulances ; Emergencies ; Emergency Medical Technicians ; Humans ; Transportation ; Vital Signs ; Voice