Viscum coloratum (Kom.) Nakai is a well-known medicinal plant. However, the optimal harvest time for V. coloratum is unknown. Few studies were performed to analyze compound variation during storage and to improve post-harvest quality control. Our study aimed to comprehensively evaluate the quality of V. coloratum in different growth stages, and determine the dynamic variation of metabolites. Ultra-performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry was used to quantify 29 compounds in V. coloratum harvested in six growth periods, and the associated biosynthetic pathways were explored. The accumulation of different types of compounds were analyzed based on their synthesis pathways. Grey relational analysis was used to evaluate the quality of V. coloratum across different months. The compound variation during storage was analyzed by a high-temperature high-humidity accelerated test. The results showed that the quality of V. coloratum was the hightest in March, followed by November, and became the lowest in July. During storage, compounds in downstream steps of the biosynthesis pathway were first degraded to produce the upstream compounds and some low-molecular-weight organic acids, leading to an increase followed by a decrease in the content of some compounds, and resulted in a large gap during the degradation time course among different compounds. Due to the rapid rate and large degree of degradation, five compounds were tentatively designated as "early warning components" for quality control. This report provides reference for better understanding the biosynthesis and degradation of metabolites in V. coloratum and lays a theoretical foundation for rational application of V. coloratum and better quality control of V. coloratum during storage.
Viscum/chemistry* ; Plants, Medicinal/chemistry* ; Chromatography, Liquid ; Mass Spectrometry ; Metabolomics

OBJECTIVETo establish a gas chromatography method for simultaneous determination of organochlorine and pyrethroid pesticide residues in Viscum coloratum by cloud-point extraction (CPE).

METHODPesticides were extracted with the non-ionic surfactant Triton X-100. The apparatus was gas chromatography with electron capture detector and the separation was performed on an Hp-5 column. The pesticide residues were calculated by external standard method.

RESULTGood linear relation was obtained over the range of 5-500 microg L(-1) for organochlorine and 10-1,000 microg L(-1) for pyrethroid. The limits of detection was 1.5-7.5 microg kg(-1). The average recoveries of organochlorine and pyrethroid were 74.15% -111.6% with corresponding RSD of 4.0% -9.1%.

CONCLUSIONThe sample and rapid method was applied to pesticide residues determination.

Chromatography, Gas ; methods ; Limit of Detection ; Octoxynol ; chemistry ; Pesticide Residues ; analysis ; Plant Extracts ; analysis ; Viscum ; chemistry

OBJECTIVETo establish a method for extraction and content determination of polysaccharide in Viscum coloratum.

METHODPolysaccharide was extracted by hot water, separated by ultrafiltration and ion-exchange chromatography. The content determination was performed at wavelength 490 nm with phenol-sulfuric acid as a chtomo-genic agent.

RESULTThe content of polyaccharide in V. coloratum, CVPS-III, and CVPS-III-C were respectively 4.93% (RSD 1.04%, n = 3), 43.28% (RSD 1.39%, n =3), 69.55% (RSD 1.62%, n = 3), and the average recovery was 96.07% (RSD 2.54%, n = 5).

CONCLUSIONThe method was simple, rapid, and accurate.

Chromatography, Ion Exchange ; methods ; Plant Stems ; chemistry ; Plants, Medicinal ; chemistry ; Polysaccharides ; analysis ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Reproducibility of Results ; Viscum ; chemistry

To study the triterpenoids and triterpenoid saponins of Viscum liquidambaricolum further, chemical constituents were isolated from the title plant by various chromatographic methods such as silica gel and ODS medium pressure column chromatography, Sephadex LH-20 column chromatography, et al. Their structures were elucidated by physiochemical properties and spectral analysis. Eight triterpenoids and triterpenoid saponins were isolated and identified as myricadiol(1), maslinic acid(2), 2alpha, 3beta, 23-trihydroxyolean-12-en-28-oic acid(3), oleanolic acid 3-O-beta-D-glucuronopyranoside-6'-O-methyl ester(4), oleanolic acid 3-O-beta-D-glucuropyranoside(5), oleanolic acid 3-O-beta-D-glucopyranosyl-(1-->2)-alpha-L-arabinopyranoside (6), 3-O-beta-D-glucuronopyranosyl-oleanolic acid-28-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside (7), 3-O-beta-D-glucuronopyranosyl-oleanolic acid-28-O-beta-D-glucopyranosyl-(1-->6)-beta-D-glucopyranoside (8). Compounds 1-8 were isolated from this plant and the genus for the first time.
Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; analysis ; isolation & purification ; Saponins ; analysis ; isolation & purification ; Triterpenes ; analysis ; isolation & purification ; Viscum ; chemistry

In the present study, two new acetylene conjugate compounds, dibutyl (2Z, 6Z)-octa-2, 6-dien-4-yne dioate (1), and dibutyl (2E, 6E)- octa-2, 6-dien-4-yne dioate (2), were isolated from the dry stem leaves of Viscum album, along with nine known compounds (3 - 11). Their structures were confirmed on the basis of spectroscopic data. Compounds 1 and 8 showed antioxidant activity against xanthine oxidase (XOD) and 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl radical 2,2-diphenyl-1-(2,4,6-trinitrophenyl) hydroxyl (DPPH), with the IC of 1.22 and 1.33 μmol·L, and the SC of 4.34 and 8.22 μmol·L, respectively.
Acetylene ; chemistry ; Antioxidants ; chemistry ; pharmacology ; Biphenyl Compounds ; chemistry ; Molecular Structure ; Picrates ; chemistry ; Plant Extracts ; chemistry ; pharmacology ; Plant Leaves ; chemistry ; Viscum album ; chemistry ; Xanthine Oxidase ; chemistry

OBJECTIVETo investigate chemical constituents of the stem of Viscum nudum and their bioacyivity.

METHODThe major chemical constituents were isolated from the AcOEt-solved part of ethanol-extract of the plant by column chromatography and the active screening test in vitro were taken out for looking for compounds to acccelerate PC12 cell differentiation.

RESULT5 compounds were identified as eriodictyol (1), 5, 7-dihydroxy-3', 4'-dimethoxy flavanone (2), oleanolic (3), 5, 7-dihydroxychromone (4) and homeriodictyol (5) by spectral evidences, in which homeriodictyol (5) had acceleration differentiation to PC12 cell.

CONCLUSIONAll compounds were obtained from this plant for the first time, and bioactive constituent was observed in the AcOEt-solved part.

Animals ; Cell Differentiation ; drug effects ; Chromones ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; pharmacology ; Flavanones ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; pharmacology ; Flavones ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; pharmacology ; Oleanolic Acid ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; pharmacology ; PC12 Cells ; cytology ; Plant Stems ; chemistry ; Plants, Medicinal ; chemistry ; Rats ; Viscum ; chemistry

AIMTo study the chemical constituents of Viscum liquidambaricolum Hayata.

METHODSVarious chromatographic techniques were used to separate and purify the compounds. Their spectral data (MS,IR,NMR) were measured for structure identification.

RESULTSFive compounds were isolated from Viscum liquidambaricolum and their structures were identified as trans-cinnamic acid (I), oleanolic acid (II), chrysin (III), eriodictyol (IV) and liquidamboside (V).

CONCLUSIONLiquidamboside (V) is a new compound, the known compounds I - IV were isolated from this plant for the first time, I, III, IV were isolated from Loranthaceae for the first time.

Chromones ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Cinnamates ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Flavanones ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Flavonoids ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Glucosides ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Molecular Conformation ; Molecular Structure ; Plants, Medicinal ; chemistry ; Viscum ; chemistry

OBJECTIVETo study the anticancer effects of total alkaloid from Viscum coloratum in vivo and vitro.

METHODIn vitro, MTT assays were used t o measure the inhibitory effect. Cells at period of logarithmic growth were incubated for 24 hours. Then total alkaloid of various concentrations were added. 24 hours later, supernatant was removed and MTT was added. 4 hours after that, DMSO was added, then 30 minutes later, A value was measured. In vivo, suspension of carcinoma cells was implanted in the mice's limbs subcutaneously, 0.2mL each. 24 hours later, the mice were grouped randomly. Fed by total alkaloid continuously for 7 days, the mice were sacrificed. The tumors were weighed and calculated the inhibitory rates.

RESULTIn vitro, it shows that total alkaloid has prominent inhibitory effect on the growth of carcinoma cells. In vivo, it shows that total alkaloid can inhibit the growth of tumors and prolong the survival days of the mice bearing tumors.

CONCLUSIONTotal alkaloid from Viscum coloratum has the activities of anticancer.

Alkaloids ; isolation & purification ; pharmacology ; Animals ; Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic ; isolation & purification ; pharmacology ; Breast Neoplasms ; pathology ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Cell Proliferation ; drug effects ; Esophageal Neoplasms ; pathology ; Female ; Humans ; Liver Neoplasms, Experimental ; drug therapy ; pathology ; Mice ; Neoplasm Transplantation ; Plants, Medicinal ; chemistry ; Viscum ; chemistry

AIMTo study the antitumor peptide components in the stems and leaves of mistletoe (Viscum coloratum (Kom.) Nakai), the primary structure of the novel peptide was elucidated.

METHODSCation exchange, gel filtration and HPLC were employed for isolation and purification. Matrix Assisted Laser Desorption Ionization-Time of Flight-Mass Spectrometry was used to determine the mass. The complete amino acid sequence of the novel peptide was obtained by Edman degradation combined with enzyme digestion. The antitumor activity of the peptide in vitro was studied with MTT method.

RESULTSThe primary stucture of the peptide named as viscotoxin B2 is KSCCKNTTGRNIYNTCRFAGGSRERCAKLSGCKIISASTCPSDYPK. The IC50 value of viscotoxin B2 on the Rat Osteoblast-like Sarcoma 17/2.8 cells in vitro is 1.6 mg x L(-1).

CONCLUSIONViscotoxin B2 in V. coloratum, which has high similarity with viscotoxins from V. album, showed antitumor activity.

Amino Acid Sequence ; Animals ; Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; pharmacology ; Bone Neoplasms ; pathology ; Inhibitory Concentration 50 ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Molecular Weight ; Osteosarcoma ; pathology ; Peptides ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; pharmacology ; Plant Leaves ; chemistry ; Plant Proteins ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; pharmacology ; Plant Stems ; chemistry ; Plants, Medicinal ; chemistry ; Rats ; Tumor Cells, Cultured ; drug effects ; Viscum ; chemistry