2.Some techniques for genotyping of hepatitis C virus
Journal of Preventive Medicine 2005;15(1):79-83
Genotypes of hepatitis C virus are clinically relevant to epidemiology, prognosis and therapeutical management of HCV infection. Our study aims to compare different methods for HCV genotyping. Hepatitis C genotypes and subtypes of infected patients in Ho Chi Minh city was determined by serological typing using HCV serotyping 1-6 (Murex company), by molecular typing using Innolipa HCV II assay (Innogenetics NY) and direct sequencing of core and NS5b region. Our results show that the hepatitis C virus by analysing the sequences of the core and NS5b regions gave concordant results. The NS5b region is reliable for the identification of HCV subtype 6 circulating in Viet Nam.
Hepacivirus
;
Viruses
3.Study on the pretence of Japanese encephalitis virus in nature
Journal of Preventive Medicine 2004;14(1):21-26
Haemagglutination Inhibition Technique was applied to study conversion anti-Japanese encephalitis (JE) virus antibodies in pigs in Hoai Duc, Ha Tay, in 2002. The results showed that antibody conversion in pigs occurs year-round. Vero and C6/36 cells were used to isolate JE virus. From 83 mosquito pools and 30 pig blood samples, 7 JE viruses strains were isolated from mosquito pools, and 4 JE viruses strains were isolated from pig blood samples. These JE viruses strains were isolated either in the epidemic or in the non epidemic season. Sequencing of E gene region of JE virus strains that were isolated from mosquitoes and pigs, circulating of genotype I of JE virus in North Vietnam in 2002
Encephalitis Virus, Japanese
;
Encephalitis Viruses
;
Encephalitis
;
Viruses
4.Clinical Significance of Hepatitis Virus Antigens and Antibodies.
Journal of the Korean Pediatric Society 1983;26(5):407-411
No abstract available.
Antibodies*
;
Hepatitis Viruses*
;
Hepatitis*
5.Immunological Responses in Respiratory Syncytial Virus Bronchiolitis.
Pediatric Allergy and Respiratory Disease 2007;17(2):97-100
No abstract available.
Bronchiolitis*
;
Respiratory Syncytial Viruses*
8.Did the 2009 Influenza A (H1N1) Virus Caused more Severe Infection than Seasonal Influenza during 2009 to 2010 Season?.
Pediatric Allergy and Respiratory Disease 2011;21(4):247-249
No abstract available.
Influenza, Human
;
Seasons
;
Viruses
9.Integrated Cell Culture-PCR Detection of Enteroviruses and Reoviruses in Water Sources in Gyeonggi-do.
Kyung A KIM ; Jong Chan KIM ; Hoan Uck KO ; Jung Bock LEE ; Young Sug KIM ; Yong Bae PARK ; Myung Jin LEE ; Myung Gill KIM ; Jae Kwan KIM ; Eun Mi PARK
Journal of Bacteriology and Virology 2008;38(2):77-87
The integrated cell culture-PCR (ICC-PCR) method has been suggested as an improved method for detection of viruses in water environments. We tested 57 source waters including finished water samples in Gyeonggi-do for enteric viral contamination using total culturable virus assay (TCVA) using BGMK cells and ICC-PCR. Nineteen of the 57 source water samples (33.3%) exhibited the cytopathic effect (CPE) on BGMK cells and no finished water did exhibited CPE. Nineteen samples (33.3%) of the 57 were positive for reoviruses. For the enteroviruses, only 3 samples (5.3%) of the 57 samples showed positive results. By using ICC-PCR method, 202 flasks from source water samples were positive for enteroviruses and reoviruses. Three samples from source water were positive for both viruses. However, any flasks tested was not co-infected with two types of viruses. While the enteric viral frequencies in TCVA and ICC-PCR were similar, the viral frequency for reoviruses at first passage in two type of method was higher in ICC-PCR (94.7%) than TCVA (56.9%).
Enterovirus
;
Viruses
;
Water
10.Signaling for Synergistic Activation of Natural Killer Cells.
Immune Network 2012;12(6):240-246
Natural killer (NK) cells play a pivotal role in early surveillance against virus infection and cellular transformation, and are also implicated in the control of inflammatory response through their effector functions of direct lysis of target cells and cytokine secretion. NK cell activation toward target cell is determined by the net balance of signals transmitted from diverse activating and inhibitory receptors. A distinct feature of NK cell activation is that stimulation of resting NK cells with single activating receptor on its own cannot mount natural cytotoxicity. Instead, specific pairs of co-activation receptors are required to unleash NK cell activation via synergy-dependent mechanism. Because each co-activation receptor uses distinct signaling modules, NK cell synergy relies on the integration of such disparate signals. This explains why the study of the mechanism underlying NK cell synergy is important and necessary. Recent studies revealed that NK cell synergy depends on the integration of complementary signals converged at a critical checkpoint element but not on simple amplification of the individual signaling to overcome intrinsic activation threshold. This review focuses on the signaling events during NK cells activation and recent advances in the study of NK cell synergy.
Killer Cells, Natural
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Viruses