1.MicroRNA and Viral Infection.
Fulin ZHAO ; Yuning LI ; Zhaojun DUAN
Chinese Journal of Virology 2015;31(2):187-191
MicroRNA (miRNA) are small non-coding molecules of ribonucleic acid. They are about 22 nucleotides in length, single-stranded, and mediate post-translational regulation by the repression or degradation of messenger RNA(mRNA). miRNA play a key part in the proliferation, differentiation and death of cells. Viral infection is one of the most common causes of human disease. Some studies have found that miRNA has a very close relationship with viral infection, which has an effect on viral replication, the immune response and antiviral immunity. Use of miRNA may become the cornerstone of new methods for the diagnosis and treatment of viral infection. This article summarizes the progress of research into miRNA and viral infection.
Animals
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Humans
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MicroRNAs
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genetics
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metabolism
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Virus Diseases
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genetics
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metabolism
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virology
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Virus Physiological Phenomena
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Virus Replication
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Viruses
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genetics
2.Roles of COPI related proteins during virus replication.
Guang-Bo YANG ; Lei-Liang ZHANG
Chinese Journal of Virology 2012;28(2):185-189
COPI is a protein complex that transports vesicles from the Golgi complex back to endoplasmic reticulum. Many viruses such as RNA viruses, DNA viruses and retroviruses, hijack or adapt COPI related proteins including coatomer, ARF1 and GBF1 for their own benefits. Here, we summarize the current progress of the roles of COPI related proteins in virus replication.
Animals
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Coat Protein Complex I
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genetics
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metabolism
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Humans
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Virus Diseases
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genetics
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metabolism
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virology
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Virus Physiological Phenomena
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Virus Replication
5.Progress in chicken microRNAs.
Chaolai MAN ; Xin ZHEN ; Gaoxia TANG ; Li ZHAO ; Feng LI ; Xiaoju MI
Chinese Journal of Biotechnology 2013;29(5):578-585
microRNAs (miRNAs) are a family of important small non-coding RNA molecules, which participate in the post transcriptional gene regulation. In this review, the numbers and chromosomal distribution of chicken miRNAs, and the regulation and function of chicken miRNAs in immune, embryo development and virus infection were reviewed. Additionally, the applications of chicken miRNAs were also discussed briefly. We hope it can provide references for further study and use of miRNAs in poultry husbandry fields.
Animals
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Chickens
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genetics
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Embryonic Development
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genetics
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Immunity
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genetics
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MicroRNAs
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genetics
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Virus Diseases
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immunology
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veterinary
6.Progress in studies of viperin, an important cellular antiviral factor.
Chunhui ZHU ; Yandong TANG ; Fang XU ; Jianhua ZHOU
Chinese Journal of Virology 2015;31(1):91-96
Viperin is an endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-associated protein that has been identified as an innate antiviral protein. Viperin expression can be largely upregulated by viruses, interferons, and oligonucleotides such as poly I:C and lipopolysaccharides. Viperin inhibits viral replication by interactiing with host cell proteins and several viral proteins, and disrupting the cell membrane system. It shows a broad-spectrum of antiviral activity. Some viruses have developed activities that counteract the action of viperin during a long- term period of evolution with hosts by impairing viperin expression. In addition to its antiviral effects, viperin has several other biological functions. This article review the basic characteristics of viperin and the state of current research into its antiviral effects, demonstrating the rapid progress that has been made in this field.
Animals
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Host-Pathogen Interactions
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Humans
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Proteins
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genetics
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immunology
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Virus Diseases
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genetics
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immunology
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virology
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Virus Replication
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Viruses
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genetics
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immunology
7.Effects of host proteins interacting with non-structural protein nsp9 of porcine epidemic diarrhea virus on viral replication.
Zhugui SHI ; Jiayu WU ; Ya ZHU ; Jiyong ZHOU ; Boli HU
Chinese Journal of Biotechnology 2023;39(12):4824-4836
Porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) is a highly pathogenic virus that can cause acute intestinal infectious diseases in both piglets and fattening pigs. The virus encodes at least 16 non-structural proteins, including nsp9, which has been shown to bind to single-stranded RNA. However, its function and mechanism remain unclear. In this study, we aimed to identify potential host proteins that interact with PEDV nsp9 using immunoprecipitation combined with mass spectrometry. The interactions were then confirmed by co-immunoprecipitation (Co-IP) and confocal laser scanning fluorescence techniques. The results showed that nsp9 interacts with HSPA8, Tollip, HSPA9 and TOMM70. Among them, overexpression of HSPA8 resulted in caused first upregulated and then down-regulated expression of nsp9, and promoted the proliferation of PEDV. Overexpression of Tollip significantly upregulated the expression of nsp9 and inhibited the proliferation of PEDV. Overexpression of TOMM70 significantly reduced the expression of nsp9, but did not show significant effect on the proliferation of PEDV. Overexpression of HSPA9 did not show significant effect on the expression of nsp9 and the proliferation of PEDV. These findings may facilitate further investigating the role of nsp9-interacting proteins in PEDV infection.
Animals
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Swine
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Porcine epidemic diarrhea virus/genetics*
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Virus Replication
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Proteins
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Swine Diseases
8.Genetic characterization of the isolates of measles viruses in Hongkou district of Shanghai, China in 2012.
Shuhua LI ; Xian TANG ; Xiaohua QIAN ; Zheng'an YUAN ; Chongshan LI ; Yanji YANG ; Xiaonan YU ; Xiangzhen GONG
Chinese Journal of Epidemiology 2014;35(4):429-432
OBJECTIVETo ascertain the genotype of measles viruses isolated in 2012 and genetic characterization of measles viruses in Hongkou district of Shanghai during 2000-2012.
METHODSMeasles virus was isolated from throat swab specimens collected from suspected measles cases and 450 bp fragment of C terminus on nucleoprotein (N) gene was amplified by RT-PCR. Sequence analysis was conducted to ascertain the genotype and to compare the difference of nucleotide with other measles virus strain announced by GenBank during 2000-2012. Measles virus genotype was analyzed. Epidemiological investigation was conducted.
RESULTSPhylogenetic analysis showed that 7 measles virus samples were isolated from 34 throat swab specimens with 6 of them belonged to H1 genotype, 1 belonged to D8 genotype of H1 genotype. H1a appeared the main part of Shanghai measles virus. Epidemiological survey showed that D8 was an imported case, also the first case detected since 2000.
CONCLUSIONThe genotype distribution of measles virus in Hongkou was identified the same as elsewhere in Shanghai. D8 was an imported case, detected for the first time since 2000. The results suggested that viral gene sequencing and genotyping should be regularly conducted at the measles laboratories in Shanghai to strengthen the networking monitoring program of the disease.
Adult ; China ; epidemiology ; Female ; Genotype ; Humans ; Infant ; Male ; Measles virus ; genetics ; Phylogeny ; Sequence Analysis, DNA ; Virus Diseases ; genetics
9.Progess in the development of VLPs vaccine.
Chinese Journal of Virology 2011;27(4):378-382
10.Non-coding RNAs in viral myocarditis.
Jie HU ; Yangyang ZHU ; Qiong YUAN ; Dan YAN ; Chaozhi LI ; Hengzhong GUO ; Lili LU
Chinese Journal of Biotechnology 2021;37(9):3101-3107
Viral myocarditis (VMC) is a disease characterized by inflammation of myocardial cells caused by viral infection. Since the pathogenesis mechanism of VMC has not been fully elucidated, the diagnosis and treatment of this disease remains extremely challenging. Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) are a class of RNAs that do not encode proteins. An increasing number of studies have shown that ncRNAs are involved in regulating the occurrence and development of VMC, thus providing potential new targets for the treatment and diagnosis of VMC. This review summarizes the possible roles of ncRNAs in the pathogenesis and diagnosis of VMC revealed recently.
Coxsackievirus Infections
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Enterovirus B, Human
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Humans
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Inflammation
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Myocarditis/genetics*
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Virus Diseases/genetics*