1.Effects of the Aqueous Extract of Anethum graveolens Leaves on Seizure Induced by Pentylenetetrazole in Mice
Akaberi Arash ; Mohammad-Zadeh Mohammad ; Mirmoosavi Seyed Jamal ; Tazari Ali Mohammad ; Abarashi Azam
Malaysian Journal of Medical Sciences 2013;20(5):23-30
Background: In this study, the aqueous extract of Anethum graveolens (dill) leaves was studied for its effects on treating convulsions and epilepsy, by using a pentylenetetrazole (PTZ) kindling model. The evaluated plant has a traditional medical reputation for profound anticonvulsant activities, additionally, dill has been claimed to exhibit anti-inflammatory and analgesic properties.
Methods: For the PTZ kindling induction, mice were given a dose of PTZ (37 mg/kg, intraperitoneally) every other day, and seizure stages were precisely recorded. During and after kindling, the effects of the non-toxic doses of the aqueous extracts (100, 250, and 400 mg/kg) on seizure latency in stage 2 (S2L), seizure latency in stage 4 (S4L), and seizure duration in stage 5 (S5D) were measured.
Results: The aqueous extract of dill leaves had a noticeable anticonvulsant effect. The 400 mg/kg dose of the extract sample decreased with S5D (P < 0.05), and increased with S2L and S4L significantly (P < 0.05 and P < 0.01, respectively).
Conclusion: The obtained data shows that the aqueous extract possesses anticonvulsant activity against seizure induced by PTZ. The presence of anticonvulsant compounds in this medicinal herb suggests further activity and guided fractionation studies in order to introduce this plant as a valuable source of anticonvulsant agents.
Anethum graveolens
;
Anticonvulsants
;
Pentylenetetrazole
2.Effect of density and directional cultivation on yield, quality and benefit of Nuomi yam.
Jian-Jun ZHU ; Jia-Yong JIANG ; Ling-Li WANG ; W U HAI-FENG ; Hai-Ping XIANG ; Gong-Kai CHEN
China Journal of Chinese Materia Medica 2020;45(22):5472-5476
A split-plot experiment was conducted to study the optimum planting density of Nuomi yam in directional groove shallow cultivation. Nuomi yam was the main local cultivar of Dioscorea. The study of this paper may help to give valuable instructions of local production. Three different planting densities and shallow groove diameter were designed in the experiment. The results showed that the fresh weight of aerial part per plant, yield and planting benefit of Nuomi yam tuber were the highest when the planting density was 12 000 plants/hm~2 and the diameter of shallow growth groove was 11.0 cm, while they were the lowest when the planting density was 22 500 plants/hm~2 and the diameter of shallow growth groove was 7.5 cm. Along with the increase of planting density, the fresh weight of aerial part, tuber, fresh yield, benefit and commercial tuber rate of Nuomi yam also decreased. The commercial tuber rate of Nuomi yam of 11.0 cm diameter in shallow growing pot was the highest, while it was the lowest with no shallow growing pot. On the contrary, the content of amylopectin and mucin was the highest when there was no shallow groove, and was the lowest when the diameter of shallow groove was 7.5 cm, although there was no significant difference between the two treatments. Therefore, Nuomi yam with the directional cultivation combination of planting density of 12 000 plants/hm~2 and shallow groove diameter of 11.0 cm showed high yield, good appearance quality, high planting benefit and no obvious adverse effect on internal quality.
Dioscorea
3.Survey on Korean Food Preference of College Students in Seoul: Focused on the Staple Food and Snack.
The Korean Journal of Nutrition 2006;39(7):699-706
This study was carried out to know the food preferences of college students in Seoul. The subject was 403 students (197 males and 206 females), using questionnaires during June 2004. Regarding preference of the staple foods, it was shown that both male and female students had the highest preferences for boiled rice, chicken porridge, naengmyon, boiled rice with assorted meat and vegetable mixtures, and Kimchi with fried rice but the lowest preferences for boiled rice mixed with beans and sesame porridge (p < 0.05). Male students preferred boiled rice, boiled rice mixed with beans, boiled rice mixed with millet, boiled rice mixed with barley, rice porridge, abalone porridge, pine nut porridge, red-bean porridge, pumpkin porridge, vegetable porridge, sesame porridge, ramyon, noodles with assorted vegetable mixtures, udong noodles, noodles with black-bean sauce, chinese-style hotchpotch noodle with vegetables and seafood, blackish bean sauce with rice, curry with rice, omelette rice and rice cake and dumpling soup more than female students (p < 0.05). For the preference of snacks, honeyed rice-cake was preferred the most by both of them and male students had higher preferences for cake made from glutinous rice and songpyon than female students (p < 0.05). Male students liked strawberry and pear and female students liked strawberry the most. Preferences for apple, pear, banana, persimmon, and musk melon were higher in male students than female students (p < 0.05).
Chickens
;
Cucurbita
;
Cucurbitaceae
;
Diospyros
;
Fabaceae
;
Female
;
Food Preferences*
;
Fragaria
;
Hordeum
;
Humans
;
Male
;
Meat
;
Musa
;
Nuts
;
Panicum
;
Pyrus
;
Seafood
;
Seoul*
;
Sesamum
;
Snacks*
;
Surveys and Questionnaires
;
Vegetables
4.Acacia Nilotica: New Plant for Help in Pelvic Organ Prolapse.
Nasibeh ROOZBEH ; Leili DARVISH
Journal of Menopausal Medicine 2016;22(3):129-130
No abstract available.
Acacia*
;
Pelvic Organ Prolapse*
;
Plants*
5.Estimation of Apple Intake for the Exposure Assessment of Residual Chemicals Using Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey Database.
Bumsik KIM ; Min Seok BAEK ; Yongmin LEE ; Jean Kyung PAIK ; Moon Ik CHANG ; Gyu Seek RHEE ; Sanghoon KO
Clinical Nutrition Research 2016;5(2):96-101
The aims of this study were to develop strategies and algorithms of calculating food commodity intake suitable for exposure assessment of residual chemicals by using the food intake database of Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES). In this study, apples and their processed food products were chosen as a model food for accurate calculation of food commodity intakes uthrough the recently developed Korea food commodity intake calculation (KFCIC) software. The average daily intakes of total apples in Korea Health Statistics were 29.60 g in 2008, 32.40 g in 2009, 34.30 g in 2010, 28.10 g in 2011, and 24.60 g in 2012. The average daily intakes of apples by KFCIC software was 2.65 g higher than that by Korea Health Statistics. The food intake data in Korea Health Statistics might have less reflected the intake of apples from mixed and processed foods than KFCIC software has. These results can affect outcome of risk assessment for residual chemicals in foods. Therefore, the accurate estimation of the average daily intake of food commodities is very important, and more data for food intakes and recipes have to be applied to improve the quality of data. Nevertheless, this study can contribute to the predictive estimation of exposure to possible residual chemicals and subsequent analysis for their potential risks.
Eating
;
Korea*
;
Malus
;
Nutrition Surveys*
;
Risk Assessment
6.Chloroplast genome in Malus floribunda Siebold.
Xun WANG ; Ziquan FENG ; Daru WANG ; Yuepeng HAN ; Xiaofei WANG ; Xiang SHEN ; Chunxiang YOU
Chinese Journal of Biotechnology 2022;38(10):3713-3727
Malus floribunda Siebold. (Malus) is widely cultivated all over the world, which is of high ornamental value and breeding significance. Comparative analysis of the chloroplast genome can help enrich the phylogenetic relationship and facilitate germplasm utilization of Malus. Based on the whole genome sequencing data, a complete chloroplast genome (M. floribunda) with tetrad structure was assembled. The chloroplast genome (160 037 bp) was composed of a large single-copy (LSC) region (88 142 bp), inverted repeat (IR) B (26 353 bp), a small single-copy (SSC) region (19 189 bp), and IRA (26 353 bp). A total of 111 genes were annotated: 78 protein-coding genes, 29 tRNA genes and 4 rRNA genes. In addition, a large number of repeat sequences were identified in the genome, which was slightly different from that of M. sieboldii and M. toringoides. As for the relative synonymous codon usage, 30 high-frequency codons were found, and the codons tended to end with A/T. The results of interspecific sequence alignment and boundary analysis suggested the sequence variation of the LSC region was large, and the expansion and contraction of the SC region and IR region of the eight Malus species were generally similar. According to the phylogenetic analysis of chloroplast genome sequences, M. floribunda, M. hupehensis, and M. toringoides were grouped into one clade. The findings in this study can provide data support for the development of genetic markers and utilization of germplasm resources in the future.
Genome, Chloroplast
;
Malus
;
Phylogeny
;
Plant Breeding
;
Codon
7.Identification and expression analysis of apple PDHB-1 gene family.
Jinghua YANG ; Ju GAO ; Wenfang LI ; Ji LIU ; Jiaxing HUO ; Zhenshuo REN ; Long LI ; Baihong CHEN ; Juan MAO ; Zonghuan MA
Chinese Journal of Biotechnology 2023;39(12):4965-4981
Pyruvate dehydrogenase E1 component subunit beta-1 (PDHB-1) is a gene encoding the β-subunit of pyruvate dehydrogenase complex, which plays an important role in fruit acid accumulation. The aim of this study was to investigate the evolution characteristics of apple PDHB-1 family and its expression in apples with different acid contents. Bioinformatics analysis was performed using databases including NCBI, Pfam and software including ClustalX, MEGA, and TBtools. By combining titratable acid content determination and quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR), the expression of this family genes in the peel and pulp of apple 'Asda' and 'Chengji No.1' with different acid content were obtained, respectively. The family members were mainly located in chloroplast, cytoplasm and mitochondria. α-helix and random coil were the main factors for the formation of secondary structure in this family. Tissue-specific expression profiles showed that the expression of most members were higher in fruit than in other tissues. qRT-PCR results showed that the expression profile of most members was consistent with the profile of titratable acid contents. In the peel, the expression levels of 14 members in 'Asda' apples with high acid content were significantly higher than that in 'Chengji No.1' apples with low acid content, where the expression difference of MdPDHB1-15 was the most significant. In the pulp, the expression levels of 17 members in 'Asda' apples were significantly higher than that in 'Chengji No.1' apples, where MdPDHB1-01 was the most highly expressed. It was predicted that PDHB-1 gene family in apple plays an important role in the regulation of fruit acidity.
Malus/metabolism*
;
Fruit/genetics*
;
Protein Structure, Secondary
8.Combination characteristics of frankincense and myrrh and progress and prospect of their combination efficacy and mechanism.
Shu-Lan SU ; Xiao-Dong MIAO ; Jia-Shang LI ; Li-Hui ZHAO ; Ruo-Ying FAN ; Er-Xin SHANG ; Yue ZHU ; Da-Wei QIAN ; Jin-Ao DUAN
China Journal of Chinese Materia Medica 2022;47(21):5789-5796
Herbal pair is formed based on the experience summary of doctors' deep understanding and perception of the medicinal nature in long-term clinical practice. It gradually becomes the exquisite structural unit for preparing traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) prescriptions, and often plays a core bridge role in the prescription combination. Frankincense and myrrh are raw resin materials of incense abroad, which are subsequently included as Chinese medicinal herbs and endowed with rich medicinal connotation. With the functions of relaxing Zang-fu organs, activating blood and relieving pain, they have definite clinical efficacy. From the perspective of herbal description and clinical application, this study systematically analyzed the combination of frankincense and myrrh as well as their combination proportion, efficacy characterization, diseases and syndromes, effective components and action mechanism. On this basis, the focus of in-depth research of frankincense-myrrh and the application prospects were proposed, in order to further reveal the potential meditation law of this herbal pair, thus contributing to clinical practice and drug innovation of traditional Chinese medicine, and providing reference for understanding of TCM medicinal nature and research of herbal pairs.
Humans
;
Frankincense/chemistry*
;
Commiphora
;
Resins, Plant/chemistry*
;
Medicine, Chinese Traditional
;
Drugs, Chinese Herbal/therapeutic use*
9.Comparison of Biological Activities of Korean Halophytes
Jeong Min LEE ; Mi Jin YIM ; Dae Sung LEE ; Myeong Seok LEE ; Yun Gyeong PARK ; Jae Hyuk JEON ; Grace CHOI
Natural Product Sciences 2018;24(4):247-252
Halophytes are expected to possess abundant secondary metabolites and various biological activities because of habitat in extreme environments. In this study, we collected 14 halophytes (Asparagus oligoclonos, Calystegia soldanella, Carex pumila, Chenopodium glaucum, Elymus mollis, Glehnia littoralis, Limonium tetragonum, Messerschmidia sibirica, Rosa rugosa, Salsola komarovii, Spergularia marina, Suaeda glauca, Suaeda maritima, and Vitex rotundifolia) native to Korea and compared their total polyphenol contents, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities. The total polyphenol contents of R. rugosa (27.28%) and L. tetragonum (13.17%) were significantly higher than those of the other 12 halophytes and L. tetragonum, R. rugosa, and M. sibirica showed significantly greater antioxidant activities than the other 11 halophytes, as determined by DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl). A. oligoclonos, E. mollis, and C. pumila showed significantly greater anti-inflammatory activities than the other 11, as determined by NO (Nitric oxide) and PGE₂ (Prostaglandin E₂) levels. In contrast, these three extracts had normal and low total polyphenol contents among the 14 halophytes. Consequently, the total polyphenol content in the 14 studied halophytes appeared to be related to antioxidant, but not anti-inflammatory activity levels.
Apiaceae
;
Calystegia
;
Caryophyllaceae
;
Chenopodiaceae
;
Chenopodium
;
Ecosystem
;
Elymus
;
Korea
;
Plumbaginaceae
;
Rosa
;
Salsola
;
Salt-Tolerant Plants
;
Vitex
10.Oral Allergy Syndrome in Birch Pollen-Sensitized Patients from a Korean University Hospital.
Jung Hyun KIM ; Sae Hoon KIM ; Heung Woo PARK ; Sang Heon CHO ; Yoon Seok CHANG
Journal of Korean Medical Science 2018;33(33):e218-
BACKGROUND: Oral allergy syndrome (OAS) is a type of allergic reaction that mainly occurs on oral contact with raw fruit, vegetables, or nuts. The most common type of OAS is birch pollen-related food allergy. Although OAS is a common food allergy in adults, only few epidemiologic studies have been reported in Korea. Here we investigate the prevalence and triggers of birch pollen-related food allergy. METHODS: We conducted a retrospective chart review of 1,427 patients who underwent a skin prick test for inhalant allergens at the Asthma and Allergy Clinic in Seoul National University Bundang Hospital from January 2011 to December 2016. RESULTS: Of 1,427 patients, 125 (8.7%) were sensitized to birch pollen. Among them, 20.0% developed OAS, which was the most common food allergy (96.2%). The prevalence of OAS was higher in females, and was 18.2% in birch pollen-sensitized allergic rhinoconjunctivitis patients. Further, 72.0% OAS patients had rhinoconjunctivitis, 20.0% had asthma, and 12.0% had chronic urticaria. Apple (68.0%), peach (56.0%), nuts (36.0%), kiwi (20.0%), persimmon (20.0%), plum (16.0%), and cherry (16.0%) were frequent triggers; however, Chinese yam, kudzu vine, bellflower root, codonopsis, and ginseng were also revealed as triggers. Patients (60.0%) showed OAS with ≥ 3 foods at the same time. Only 3 patients showed mono-sensitivity to birch pollen, while others were multi-sensitized to trees, grasses, weed, or house dust mite allergens. CONCLUSION: OAS was the most common food allergy in birch pollen-sensitized patients. This study revealed the unique triggers of OAS in Korea in addition to well-known triggers.
Adult
;
Allergens
;
Asthma
;
Betula*
;
Codonopsis
;
Dioscorea
;
Diospyros
;
Epidemiologic Studies
;
Female
;
Food Hypersensitivity
;
Fruit
;
Humans
;
Hypersensitivity*
;
Korea
;
Nuts
;
Panax
;
Poaceae
;
Pollen
;
Prevalence
;
Prunus domestica
;
Prunus persica
;
Pueraria
;
Pyroglyphidae
;
Retrospective Studies
;
Seoul
;
Skin
;
Trees
;
Urticaria
;
Vegetables