1.Hypersensitivity to pollen of four different species of Brassica: a clinico-immunologic evaluation in patients of respiratory allergy in India
Anand SINGH ; Shipra SHAHI ; Raj Kishore KATIYAR ; Shailendra GAUR ; Vikram JAIN
Asia Pacific Allergy 2014;4(4):197-205
BACKGROUND: Rapeseed-mustard is the second most important source of edible oil in India. Several species of Brassica are grown in different parts of country for its oilseeds. OBJECTIVE: The objective was to investigate allergenicity to antigenic extracts of pollen of 4 species of Brassica. METHODS: Brassica campestris, Brassica juncea, Brassica nigra, and Brassica napus were selected for the detailed investigation. Pollen samples from each of the four species were collected from the polliniferous materials. The antigenic and allergenic profiles of these extracts were evaluated by means of sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, Skin prick test, enzyme linked immuno sorbent assay and Western blot on atopic individuals. RESULTS: Out of the 159 atopic subjects tested, 21.38% were positive to at least one or other species of Brassica pollen, with highest skin positivity (13.20%) to B. campestris extract. Raised IgE with significant linear correlation with intensity of skin reactions was obtained. Protein fractions of 20, 25, 32, 37, 56, and 90 kDa were recognized by B. campestris and B. juncea whereas 56, 76, 87, and 90 kDa were recognized by B. nigra and B. napus as major IgE binding protein fractions. The patients also showed positivity to other inhalant pollen allergens tested. CONCLUSION: IgE mediated hypersensitivity varied from 4.40% to 13.20% in Indian atopic subjects to pollen of one or the other species of Brassica. Protein fractions of 47, 56, 76, 87, and 90 kDa were identified as IgE binding by all the four species, however individual heterogeneity exists. Thus a local species may be more pertinent for immunotherapy. The major allergen needs to be further characterized.
Allergens
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Blotting, Western
;
Brassica napus
;
Brassica
;
Electrophoresis
;
Galectin 3
;
Humans
;
Hypersensitivity
;
Hypersensitivity, Immediate
;
Immunoglobulin E
;
Immunotherapy
;
India
;
Mustard Plant
;
Pollen
;
Population Characteristics
;
Skin
;
Sodium
2.Alcohol associated liver cirrhotics have higher mortality after index hospitalization: Long-term data of 5,138 patients
Priyanka JAIN ; Saggere Muralikrishna SHASTHRY ; Ashok Kumar CHOUDHURY ; Rakhi MAIWALL ; Guresh KUMAR ; Ankit BHARADWAJ ; Vinod ARORA ; Rajan VIJAYARAGHAVAN ; Ankur JINDAL ; Manoj Kumar SHARMA ; Vikram BHATIA ; Shiv Kumar SARIN
Clinical and Molecular Hepatology 2021;27(1):175-185
Background/Aims:
Liver cirrhosis is an important cause of morbidity and mortality globally. Every episode of decompensation and hospitalization reduces survival. We studied the clinical profile and long-term outcomes comparing alcohol-related cirrhosis (ALC) and non-ALC.
Methods:
Cirrhosis patients at index hospitalisation (from January 2010 to June 2017), with ≥1 year follow-up were included.
Results:
Five thousand and one hundred thirty-eight cirrhosis patients (age, 49.8±14.6 years; male, 79.5%; alcohol, 39.5%; Child-A:B:C, 11.7%:41.6%:46.8%) from their index hospitalization were analysed. The median time from diagnosis of cirrhosis to index hospitalization was 2 years (0.2–10). One thousand and seven hundred seven patients (33.2%) died within a year; 1,248 (24.3%) during index hospitalization. 59.5% (2,316/3,890) of the survivors, required at least one readmission, with additional mortality of 19.8% (459/2,316). ALC compared to non-ALC were more often (P<0.001) male (97.7% vs. 67.7%), younger (40–50 group, 36.2% vs. 20.2%; P<0.001) with higher liver related complications at baseline, (P<0.001 for each), sepsis: 20.3% vs. 14.9%; ascites: 82.2% vs. 65.9%; spontaneous bacterial peritonitis: 21.8% vs. 15.7%; hepatic encephalopathy: 41.0% vs. 25.0%; acute variceal bleeding: 32.0% vs. 23.7%; and acute kidney injury 30.5% vs. 19.6%. ALC patients had higher Child-Pugh (10.6±2.0 vs. 9.0±2.3), model for end-stage liver-disease scores (21.49±8.47 vs. 16.85±7.79), and higher mortality (42.3% vs. 27.3%, P<0.001) compared to non-ALC.
Conclusions
One-third of cirrhosis patients die in index hospitalization. 60% of the survivors require at least one rehospitalization within a year. ALC patients present with higher morbidity and mortality and at a younger age.
3.Low prevalence of primary sclerosing cholangitis in patients with inflammatory bowel disease in India
Arshdeep SINGH ; Vandana MIDHA ; Vikram NARANG ; Saurabh KEDIA ; Ramit MAHAJAN ; Pavan DHOBLE ; Bhavjeet Kaur KAHLON ; Ashvin Singh DHALIWAL ; Ashish TRIPATHI ; Shivam KALRA ; Narender Pal JAIN ; Namita BANSAL ; Rupa BANERJEE ; Devendra DESAI ; Usha DUTTA ; Vineet AHUJA ; Ajit SOOD
Intestinal Research 2023;21(4):452-459
Background/Aims:
Primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC) represents the most common hepatobiliary extraintestinal manifestation of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), including ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn’s disease (CD). Limited data exist on PSC in patients with IBD from India. We aimed to assess the prevalence and disease spectrum of PSC in Indian patients with IBD.
Methods:
Database of IBD patients at 5 tertiary care IBD centers in India were analyzed retrospectively. Data were extracted and the prevalence of PSC-IBD was calculated.
Results:
Forty-eight patients out of 12,216 patients with IBD (9,231 UC, 2,939 CD, and 46 IBD unclassified) were identified to have PSC, resulting in a prevalence of 0.39%. The UC to CD ratio was 7:1. Male sex and pancolitis (UC) or colonic CD were more commonly associated with PSC-IBD. The diagnosis of IBD preceded the diagnosis of PSC in most of the patients. Majority of the patients were symptomatic for liver disease at diagnosis. Eight patients (16.66%) developed cirrhosis, 5 patients (10.41%), all UC, developed malignancies (3 colorectal cancer [6.25%] and 2 cholangiocarcinoma [4.16%]), and 3 patients died (2 decompensated liver disease [4.16%] and 1 cholangiocarcinoma [2.08%]) on follow-up. None of the patients mandated surgical therapy for IBD.
Conclusions
Concomitant PSC in patients with IBD is uncommon in India and is associated with lower rates of development of malignancies.