Veratrum alkaloids in Veratrum maackii may cause significant gastrointestinal symptoms, bradycardia, hypotension, and arrythmia. We experienced successful outcomes in two patients who were victims of poisoning due to ingestion of Veratrum maackii, which was mistaken for Allium victorialis var. platyphyllum. One patient developed hypotension and prolongation of QT interval in electronicardiogram (ECG) and was treated with administration of vasopressor and magnesium. The other patient developed bradycardia and was treated with administration of atropine. Both patients were kept under close observation, and received supportive care, and both patients were discharged without any symptoms or complications.
Allium ; Arrhythmias, Cardiac ; Atropine ; Bradycardia ; Eating ; Humans ; Hypotension ; Magnesium ; Veratrum ; Veratrum Alkaloids

Genus Veratrum plants contain a diversity of steroidal alkaloids, so far at least 184 steroidal alkaloids attributed to cevanine type(A-1～A-69), veratramine type(B-1～B-21), jervanine type(C-1～C-31), solanidine type(D-1～D-10) and verazine type(E-1～E-53), respectively, have been isolated and identified in the genus Veratrum. Their pharmacological activities mainly focused on decreasing blood pressure, anti-platelet aggregation and anti-thrombosis, anti-inflammatory and analgesic, and antitumor effect. This paper classified and summarized the 184 kind of steroidal alkaloids from the Veratrum plants and their major pharmalogical activities in order to provide the scientific basis for the further development and utilization of active alkaloids.
Alkaloids/pharmacology* ; Analgesics ; Platelet Aggregation ; Steroids/pharmacology* ; Veratrum

OBJECTIVETo develop an HPLC-ELSD method for determination of vetatramine. in Veratrum nigrum.

METHODThe analy fical column was Shim-pack ODS - C18 (4.6 mm x 250 mm, 4 microm) column, the mobile phase was acetonitrile-water (containing 0.1% triethylamine) (50:50), at a flow rate of 0.8 mL x min(-1). The temperature of drift tube was 90 degrees C and the gas flow was at the rate of 2.5 L x min(-1).

RESULTThe calibration curve was linear in the range of 0.36-3.6 microg (r = 0.999 8). The average recovery was 100.9% (RSD 2.3%, n = 6). The contents of veratramine in Veratrum nigrum. from the ten different sources were determined.

CONCLUSIONThe method may be used as a accurate and reproducible way to determine the content of veratramine in V. nigrum.

Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; Linear Models ; Reproducibility of Results ; Sensitivity and Specificity ; Veratrum ; chemistry ; Veratrum Alkaloids ; analysis ; isolation & purification

The compatible use of Veratrum nigrum with asarum, is one of the eighteen incompatible pairs. To research the toxic regularity of the compatible use of V. nigrum and asarum, this experiment adopted the uniform design combining with acute toxicity test, with the number of died animals as the observation indicator. The results showed that the toxicity came from the common effect of V. nigrum and asarum, and V. nigrum after the compatible use, and V. nigrum made a greater contribution to the toxicity caused by the compatible use. But the toxicity did not absolutely enhance with the increase in use of V. nigrum.
Animals ; Asarum ; toxicity ; Drug Incompatibility ; Female ; Lethal Dose 50 ; Male ; Mice ; Veratrum ; toxicity

OBJECTIVETo observe the role of the Hedgehog (Hh) genes in the proliferation of osteoblasts upon mechanical tensile strains.

METHODSPrimary osteoblasts harvested from newborn rat calvarial bone were subjected to 3% and 6% elongation of tensile stretches using Flexcell 4000 strain unit. The cultures were also treated with either recombinant N-terminals Sonic Hedgehog (N-Shh) or cyclopamine (cy), a Hh inhibitor or gadolinium (GdCl3), an inhibitor of stretch-activated channels. The proliferation of osteoblasts was quantified by cell counting, methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium (MTT) and cell cycle detection via flow cytometry. Statistical analysis was performed using SAS 8.0 software package.

RESULTSThe tensile strain, especially under 6% elongation, promoted osteoblast proliferation. Stretching force could also promote the proliferation even when the cells were treated with cy, but this effect was suppressed by GdCl3.

CONCLUSIONThe induced proliferation of osteoblasts by mechanical stretched is mediated at least in part by Indian Hedgehog (Ihh) signaling.

Animals ; Cell Proliferation ; Hedgehog Proteins ; Osteoblasts ; Rats ; Signal Transduction ; Veratrum Alkaloids

OBJECTIVETo study the steroidal alkaloids in Veratrum dahuricum.

METHODThe compounds were isolated and purified by various column chromatographic methods. Their structures were identified by spectroscopic analysis.

RESULTFive compounds were isolated and identified as (20R, 22S, 25S)-veratra-5,13-dien-3beta-ol (1), angeloylzygadenine (2), 15-O-(2-methylbutanoyl)-3-O-veatroylprotoverine (3), 20-isoveratramine (4), veratramine (5).

CONCLUSIONCompound 1 was a new compound, compounds 24 were obtained from the plant for the first time.

Alkaloids ; chemistry ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; Isomerism ; Steroids ; chemistry ; Veratrum ; chemistry

Resveratrol was first isolated in 1939 by Takaoka from Veratrum grandiflorum O. Loes. Following this discovery, sporadic descriptive reports appeared in the literature. However, spurred by our seminal paper published nearly 60 years later, resveratrol became a household word and the subject of extensive investigation. Now, in addition to appearing in over 20,000 research papers, resveratrol has inspired monographs, conferences, symposia, patents, chemical derivatives, etc. In addition, dietary supplements are marketed under various tradenames. Once resveratrol was brought to the limelight, early research tended to focus on pharmacological activities related to the cardiovascular system, inflammation, and cancer but, over the years, the horizon greatly expanded. Around 130 human clinical trials have been (or are being) conducted with varying results. This may be due to factors such as disparate doses (ca. 5 to 5,000 mg/day) and variable experimental settings. Further, molecular targets are numerous and a dominant mechanism is elusive or nonexistent. In this context, the compound is overtly promiscuous. Nonetheless, since the safety profile is pristine, and use as a dietary supplement is prevalent, these features are not viewed as detrimental. Given the ongoing history of resveratrol, it is reasonable to advocate for additional development and further clinical investigation. Topical preparations seem especially promising, as do conditions that can respond to anti-inflammatory action and/or direct exposure, such as colon cancer prevention. Although the ultimate fate of resveratrol remains an open question, thus far, the compound has inspired innovative scientific concepts and enhanced public awareness of preventative health care.
Cardiovascular System ; Colonic Neoplasms ; Congresses as Topic ; Delivery of Health Care ; Dietary Supplements ; Family Characteristics ; Humans ; Inflammation ; Veratrum

OBJECTIVE: To study the effect of SMO inhibitor (Jervine) on proliferation, apoptosis and cell cycle of MDS cell line MUTZ-1, and its mechanism. METHODS: The effect of different concentrations Jervine on proliferation of MUTZ-1 cells was detected by CCK-8 method. Apoptosis and cell cycle of MUTZ-1 cells were detected by flow cytometry. Western blot was used to detect the changes of Shh signaling pathway effecting proteins BCL2 and CyclinD1. The expression levels of Smo and Gli1 gene were detected by real-time fluorescent quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR). RESULTS: Jervine inhibited MUTZ-1 cell proliferation in a concentration dependent manner (24 h, r=-0.977), the apoptosis rate of MUTZ-1 cells increased with the enhancement of concentration of Jervine in MUTZ-1 cells (P＜0.001), the cell proportion of G phase increased and the cell number of S phase decreased with enhancement of concentration (P＜0.001). The result of RT-qPCR and Western blot showed that the expression of Smo, Gli1 mRNA and BCL2, CyclinD1 proteins decreased (P＜0.05). CONCLUSION SMO inhibitor can effectively inhibit the growth of MDS cell line MUTZ-1 improve the cell apoptosis and induce cell cycle arrest. Its action mechanism may be related with dowm-regulating the expression of BCL2 and CyclinD1.
Apoptosis ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Cell Proliferation ; Hedgehog Proteins ; Humans ; Myelodysplastic Syndromes ; Signal Transduction ; Veratrum Alkaloids

Veratrum patulum is a perennial plant with toxicity, which grows wild in the high mountain areas of Korea. Various types of steroidal alkaloids contained in Veratrum patulum are known to cause symptoms such as nausea, vomiting, bradycardia and hypotension. Twenty-three patients were admitted to our center with chief complaints of nausea and vomiting after ingesting leaves of Veratrum patulum. The mean age of the group was 44 years old and was comprised of 19 males and 4 females. Some patients showed hypotension and bradycardia with symptoms such as dizziness. Ten patients with severe bradycardia coupled with other symptoms received atropine administration. Nausea and vomiting were improved after the administration of anti-emetics. Blood pressure and the pulse rate were all normalized on the day after admission, and all of the patients were discharged without any symptoms.
Alkaloids ; Antiemetics ; Atropine ; Blood Pressure ; Bradycardia ; Dizziness ; Female ; Heart Rate ; Humans ; Hypotension ; Korea ; Male ; Nausea ; Plants ; Veratrum ; Vomiting

Veratrum patulum has toxicological relevance because of the potential for misidentification of this plant as mountain garlic. Veratrum patulum has an ester-alkaloid that provokes cardiac arrhythmias by excessive vagal stimulation and depression of the sinoatrial and atrioventricular nodes of the heart and hypotension, cardiomegaly. We report on a retrospective case of successful outcome in patients with veratrum patulum poisoning through active treatment from the early phase after ingestion. We report on a case involving a patient who experienced dizziness, dyspnea, hypotension, and elevation of cardiac enzyme, cardiomegaly. These cases were kept under observation and generally recovered with supportive care. We report on cases of veratrum patulum poisoning with review of literature.
Arrhythmias, Cardiac ; Atrioventricular Node ; Cardiomegaly ; Depression ; Dizziness ; Dyspnea ; Eating* ; Garlic ; Heart ; Humans ; Hypotension ; Plants ; Poisoning ; Retrospective Studies ; Veratrum*