Telangiectasia macularis eruptiva perstans(TMEP) is an uncommon form of mastocytosis. This disorder is characterized by reddish-brown macules with telangiectases, usually involving the trunk. Due to the small number of mast cells, Darier's sign is usually absent. Histologic changes are very subtle, showing only a slight increase in mast cell numbers around capillaries and venules of the superficial plexus. We report two cases of TMEP. Their histologic alterations include dermal vascular dilatation and perivascular mast cell infiltration.
Capillaries ; Dilatation ; Mast Cells ; Mastocytosis ; Telangiectasis* ; Venules

Microvenular hemangioma (MH) is a recently described, uncommon, acquired vascular, tumor presenting clinically as a small reddish nodule in young and middle, aged individuals of either gender. Histologically, thin and irregularly branching small venules with inconspicouous lumia and without cellular atypia are found widely throughout the dermis. The presence of histologic features of the collagen dissection and vascular tufts makes it necessary to differentiate MH with Kaposi's sarcoma and angioblastoma. As we are aware, the description of these two cases which showed the characteristic clinical and histologic features of MH, is the first report of MH in Korea.
Collagen ; Dermis ; Hemangioma ; Korea ; Sarcoma, Kaposi ; Venules

BACKGROUND/AIMS: Various magnifying endoscopic classifications have been introduced in esophageal and gastric lesions. However, studies on an agreement between observers according to the form classification of magnifiying endoscopic findings have not been performed yet. The aim of this study was to determine the interobserver agreement for magnifying endoscopic classifications. METHODS: The patients were divided into 3 groups. The first group of patients had post-EMR ulcer scar (50 cases), the second group, elevated gastric lesion (38 cases), and the third group, gastritis (43 cases). Two mucosal patterns were used in the post-EMR ulcer scar group, 6 mucosal patterns in the elevated gastric lesion group, and 3 patterns of the collecting venule in the gastritis group. Three experienced observers (A, B, C) blinded to the patients' data participated in this study. The agreement between observers was evaluated by calculated kappa. The kappa value of 0.75 or greater was rated excellent, 0.4~0.74, fair to good, and 0.4 or less, poor. RESULTS: Regarding 2 mucosal pattern in post-EMR ulcer scar, agreements between A and B, A and C, and B and C were 0.896, 0.793, and 0.901, respectively (p<0.01). Regarding 6 mucosal patterns in elevated gastric lesion, agreements between A and B, A and C, and B and C were 0.607, 0.458, and 0.557, respectively (p<0.01). Regarding 3 collecting venule pattern in gastritis, agreements between A and B, A and C, and B and C were 0.822, 0.823, and 0.751, respectively (p<0.01). CONCLUSIONS: Interobserver agreement is good to excellent in mucosal pattern and collecting venule by magnifying endoscopy. However magnifying endoscopic classification needs to be refinded in order to improve an agreement between observers.
Cicatrix ; Classification ; Endoscopy* ; Gastritis ; Humans ; Ulcer ; Venules

PURPOSE: To describe the clinical course of three eyes of three patients that underwent surgical ablation as treatment of retinal angiomatous proliferation (RAP). METHODS: Surgical lysis of the retinal feeding arteriole and draining venule was done in two eyes that had stage 2 RAP with serous pigment epithelial detachment (PED). It was done as the first treatment modality in one eye, and after failure of laser photocoagulation in the other. It was also performed in another eye presumed to have very early stage RAP that showed only retinal-retinal anastomosis without any definite intraretinal or subretinal angiomatous lesion. RESULTS: PED decreased within 1 month after ablation in the two eyes with stage 2 RAP, but new anastomoses eventually developed after 1 month, followed by progression of the lesions. In the eye with presumed early stage RAP, successful lysis of retinal-retinal anastomosis was maintained and initially showed no signs of further proliferation at the original lesion site; however, four months later, hemorrhagic PED developed distally and progressed further to retinal pigment epithelial tear and massive subretinal hemorrhage. CONCLUSIONS: Surgical ablation may be unable to halt the progressive nature of neovascular proliferations in RAP.
Arterioles ; Hemorrhage ; Humans ; Light Coagulation ; Macular Degeneration ; Retinaldehyde* ; Venules

Venous lakes are small, bluish-purple, slightly-raised, soft papules or nodules occurring on the exposed skin of elderly people. The lips and ears are the most common sites. Histopathologically, large, dilated and irregular thin-walled venules are located on the upper and mid-dermis. Venous lake is not a rare disease, however, there has been no report of this condition in Korean literature. We report two cases of venous lake together with a review of the pertinent papers.
Aged ; Ear ; Humans ; Lakes* ; Lip ; Rare Diseases ; Skin ; Venules

Acquired digital arteriovenous malformation (ADAVM) consists of an abnormal connection between the arteriole and venule in the acral area of extremities, particularly the fingers. Clinically, the lesions appear as small, slightly- elevated, dark brown erythematous macules on the distal part of fingers. The histological specimens shows close approximation between thin-walled venule and thick-walled arteriole and possibly a direct arteriovenous shunt adjacent to each other lying in the dermis. We herein report seven stereotypical cases of ADAVM.
Arterioles ; Arteriovenous Malformations ; Deception ; Dermis ; Extremities ; Fingers ; Venules

BACKGROUND: Despite concern about information of neuropeptide, the has been no baseline study of neuropeptide in Koreans. OBJECTIVE: The purpose of the study was to investigate the skin sinsitivity of substance P and VIP in normal healthy persoas. METHODS: We prepared 1000pM, 100pM, 10pM solution of substan P 1-11, substnace P 1-7, substnace P 7-11, and VIP. We injected intradermally 50ul of the br ve solutions on 12 sites of both forearms in addition plaebo. We measured the size of the area of flare and wheal along time. We repeated the same test after antihistamine intake. RESULTS: Flare and wheal respinses were dose dependent. Injection of substance P 1-7 did not evoke wheal responses and injection of substance P 7-11 did not wake flare responses. Flare responses of substance P 1-11, ubstance P 7-11, VIP were inhibiteb antihistamine and wheal responses of VIP were inhibitedly antihistamine. CONCLUSION: N-terminal of subtance P is responsible for flarers onses and C-terminal of substnace P is responsible for wieal responses. Flare responses of sisance P were mediated by histamine but wheal responses osubstance P were direct effect on postcapillary venule. Flare and wheal responses of VIF were mediated by histamine.
Forearm ; Histamine ; Humans ; Neuropeptides ; Skin ; Substance P* ; Venules

Telangiectasia is characterized by permanently dilated small vessels usually arising from the suprapapillary plexus of venule capillaries, or arterioles. It may be etvlogically divided into the primary and secondary types. Rosacea, varicose vein, prolonged sun xvsure, radiation, and physical trauma may be the causes of secondary telangiectasia. We report herein a case of secondary telangiectasia associated which operation for a femur fracture.
Arterioles ; Capillaries ; Femur ; Rosacea ; Solar System ; Telangiectasis* ; Varicose Veins ; Venules

Folliculosebaceous cystic hamartoma is a distinctive skin malformation, which presents as a solitary, smooth- surfaced, skin-colored papule or nodule. This hamartoma usually occurs on the central part of the face, particularly on the nose. In 1998, Bolognia et al. described a genital variant of folliculosebaceous cystic hamartoma, which has not been reported to date in Korea. We herein report a rare case of folliculosebaceous cystic hamartoma which occurred on the labia majora of a 28-year-old woman. Histopathologically, multiple, dilated, follicular, cystic structures were observed with numerous sebaceous lobules arising from its wall. There was an excess of fibrous components around these structures, which included small venules, adipocytes and neural tissue.
Adipocytes ; Adult ; Female ; Hamartoma* ; Humans ; Korea ; Nose ; Skin ; Venules

PURPOSE: To evaluate clinical patterns according to the occlusion site in patients with branch retinal vein occlusion. METHODS: Ninety-one branch retinal vein occlusion patients were divided into 4 groups according to the occlusion site based on the description by Duke-Elder and Wybar: Papillary retinal vein occlusion group (group A), main retinal vein occlusion group (group B), minor retinal vein occlusion group (group C), and retinal venule occlusion group (group D). The following factors were analyzed retrospectively: baseline/final visual acuity, visual improvement, macular thickness, and macular circulatory states. RESULTS: The macular thickness (microm) was 575.33 +/- 178.44 in group A, 511.92 +/- 218.02 in group B, 397.21 +/- 144.51 in group C, and 336.68 +/- 120.55 in group D. The retinal ischemic area (DD) was 22.00 +/- 13.28 in group A, 18.26 +/- 10.12 in group B, 12.52 +/- 10.52 in group C, and 12.36 +/- 11.92 in group D, which was found to be significantly greater in the group with the higher branch occlusion site (p < 0.05). However, visual acuity, macular circulatory states and other clinical characteristics were not significantly different. CONCLUSIONS: Occlusion site is a relating factor for retinal ischemic area and macular thickness in patients with Branch retinal vein occlussion, but which is not a prognostic factor for final visual acuity.
Humans ; Retinal Vein ; Retinal Vein Occlusion ; Retinaldehyde ; Venules ; Visual Acuity