No abstract available.
Risk Factors* ; Ventriculostomy*

No abstract available.
Adult* ; Constriction, Pathologic* ; Humans ; Ventriculostomy*

Objective: To report a case of chronic suppurative otitis media with complications of lateral sinus thrombosis and otitic hydrocephalus and to discuss its clinical manifestations, clinical course, ancillary procedures and management. Methods: Study Design: Case Report. Setting: Tertiary Government Training Hospital. Patient: One. Results: A 35-year-old man was admitted due to intermittent right otorrhea for 20 years and headache for a month. The Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) score was 12, and mastoidectomy performed on the second hospital day showed cholesteatoma with erosion of the bony covering of the sigmoid sinus with scanty purulent discharge. The GCS improved to 15 few hours post- operatively, however, 24 hours post-operatively, GCS decreased from 15 to 10 and a CT scan showed dilatation of cerebral ventricles and lateral sinus thrombosis which persisted on subsequent imaging studies. His condition deteriorated irreversibly despite a ventriculostomy, and he eventually expired after 3 weeks in the ward. Conclusion Otitic hydrocephalus due to lateral sinus thrombosis is a serious complication of chronic suppurative otitis media seldom encountered nowadays. In this case, otitic hydrocephalus developed and progressed despite broad spectrum antibiotics, mastoidectomy and a ventricular shunt. This case report underscores the importance of early recognition of warning signs of intracranial complications to institute prompt management.
Lateral Sinus Thrombosis ; Mastoidectomy ; Ventriculostomy

Endoscopic third ventriculostomy (ETV) has now become an accepted mode of hydrocephalus treatment in children. Varying degrees of success for the procedure have been reported depending on the type and etiology of hydrocephalus, age of the patient and certain technical parameters. Review of these factors for predictability of success, complications and validation of success score is presented.
Cerebrospinal Fluid Shunts ; Child ; Humans ; Hydrocephalus ; Ventriculostomy*

OBJECTIVE: The goal of this study is to introduce a new method of external ventricular drainage system to reduce the complications of infections by making a long subcutaneous tunnel. METHODS: Between January 2002 and March 2003, 59 cases of ventriculostomy including 44 cases of short subcutaneous tunnel and 15 cases of long subcutaneous tunnel were performed and analysed. Subarachnoid hemorrhage and intraventricular hemorrhage were major indications for ventriculostomy. RESULTS: No infection was noted in the group of 15 patients with long subcutaneous tunnel. Whereas, 6 cases(13.6%) of infection was diagnosed in the group of 44 patients with short subcutaneous tunnel. The ventriculostomy was kept maximally for 11(mean 7.4)days without infection in the patients with long subcutaneous tunnel. CONCLUSION: To reduce the infection as a complication of ventriculostomy, we devise a new drainage system that involves the long subcutaneous tunnel.
Drainage* ; Hemorrhage ; Humans ; Subarachnoid Hemorrhage ; Ventriculostomy

A variety of complications in endoscopic third ventriculostomy have been reported, including neurovascular injury, hemodynamic alterations, endocrinologic abnormalities, electrolyte imbalances, cerebrospinal fluid leakage, fever and infection. Even though most complications are transient, the overall rate of permanent morbidity is 2.38% and the overall mortality rate is 0.28%. To avoid these serious complications, we should keep in mind potential complications and how to prevent them. Proper decisions with regard to surgical indication, choice of endoscopic entry and trajectory, careful endoscopic procedures with anatomic orientation, bleeding control and tight closure are emphasized for the prevention of complications.
Cerebrospinal Fluid Leak ; Fever ; Hemodynamics ; Hemorrhage ; Mortality ; Neuroendoscopy ; Ventriculostomy*

Pneumocephalus is common after brain surgeries, but usually is not substantial enough to cause serious complications. We recently encountered a case of post-operative tachypnea after an endoscopic 3rd ventriculostomy. At first, we thought that the hyperventilation was the result of residual paralysis after emergence from anesthesia, but during further evaluation we found a massive pneumocephalus. In such unusual post-operative situations, physicians should consider surgery-related complications as the possible cause as well, along with the anesthetic factors.
Anesthesia ; Brain ; Hyperventilation* ; Paralysis ; Pneumocephalus* ; Postoperative Care ; Tachypnea ; Ventriculostomy*

Spontaneous ventriculostomy occurs with the spontaneous rupture of a ventricle resulting in a communication between ventricular system and subarachnoid space. It is usually the result of obstructive hydrocephalus but has been documented only rarely. Van Stackum verified the first case of spontaneous ventriculostomy at autopsy in 1910. Radiological demonstration of spontaneous ventriculostomy was reported by Leslie for the first time in 1964 and only 6 cases has been reported until now. We recently have experienced a case of spontaneous ventriculostomy beautifully demonstrated by conray ventriculography in a patient of posterior fossa tumor. We report our case with the brief review of the articles.
Autopsy ; Humans ; Hydrocephalus ; Infratentorial Neoplasms ; Rupture, Spontaneous ; Subarachnoid Space ; Ventriculostomy*

PURPOSE: To evaluate the clinical usefulness of 2-D Cine PC (phase contrast) technique in visualizing the pattern and the site of abnormal CSF flow and to assess the effect of a third ventriculostomy in patients with hydrocephalus. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study group consisted of three normal controls and 13 patients with hydrocephalus, as shown on CT or MRI, and two patients who had undergone their third ventriculostomy. The technique was EKG-gated 2-D Cine PC MRI with velocity encoding 5cm/sec, TR 80msec, TE 12.3-15msec, and flip angle 15-60 degrees. Image quality was analyzed for variable sequences, and CSF flow was observed along the CSF flow pathway. We analyzed continuity and intensity of the CSF flow signal, and obstruction site and flow velocity degree were then defined. RESULTS: Systolic high and diastolic low signal intensity along the CSF flow-pathway, with normal asynchronicity and continuation, were clearly seen in normal controls. In three patients, there was obstruction at the ventricular level while others were either normal or showed a normal pattern with a weak signal. 'Normal' was defined as noncommunicating hydrocephalus and the latter as communicating hydrocephalus. In the two patients who had undergone ventriculostomy, a signal was in one case detected at the site of the third operation. CONCLUSION: A 2-D Cine PC CSF flow study enables us to see CSF flow signals noninvasively and to detect the site of obstruction of a CSF flow-pathway. It can therefore be useful for determining the application of a ventriculoperitoneal shunt and assessing the effect of a third ventriculostomy.
Humans ; Hydrocephalus ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Ventriculoperitoneal Shunt ; Ventriculostomy

Chiari malformations are brain stem anomalies with or without spinal canal involvement. Type III is the rarest of the Chiari malformations and is characterized by a low occipital or high cervical encephalocele in combination with multiple cerebellar and brain stem anomalies. We report a case of Chiari III malformation of a newborn, who underwent repair of occipital meningoencephalocele and endoscopic third ventriculostomy. We present the case with a review of related literature.
Brain Stem ; Encephalocele ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Spinal Canal ; Ventriculostomy