No abstract available.
Ventricular Septum*

No abstract available.
Pulmonary Atresia* ; Ventricular Septum*

No abstract available.
Aneurysm ; Ischemic Attack, Transient ; Ventricular Septum

No abstract available.
Extracorporeal Circulation* ; Pulmonary Atresia* ; Ventricular Septum*

No abstract available.
Humans ; Pulmonary Atresia* ; Siblings* ; Ventricular Septum*

No abstract available.
Prenatal Diagnosis* ; Pulmonary Atresia* ; Ventricular Septum*

This study was designed to determine if topical cardiac hypothermia is a necessary adjunct to intraoperative myocardial protection. In this study, 105 patients ranging in age from 22 to 74 years were included. Myocardial temperature was measured at the ventricular septum. All patients received cold blood cardioplegia without topical cooling. In most of the patients(90%) the myocardial temperature was dropped to 10-15degrees C without topical cooling. In Group A, myocardial temperature was dropped rapidly to 10-15degrees C with, 1,000ml or less cardioplegic solution. In Group B, the amount of cardioplegic solution required for lowering myocardial temperature to 10-15degrees C was 1,000-2,000ml. In Group C, myocardial temperature was not dropped below 18degrees C or cardioplegic solution over 2,000ml was required for lowering myocardial temperatur. Eight patients(8/61, 8%) in group A, 12 patients(12/35, 34%) in group B and 8 patients(8/9. 89%) in group C had Complete obstructive lesions in at least one of major branches of coronary artery(p=0.001). Myocardial perfusion score was different among the groups(8.27+/-2.27 in group A, 9.98+/-2.21 in group B, 10.30+/-2.49 in group C, p<0.002). These data suggest that routine topical hypothermia may be unnecessary if myocardial temperature of less than 15degrees C could be attained with cold blood cardioplegia, especially in case of myocardial perfusion score below 10.
Cardioplegic Solutions* ; Heart Arrest, Induced ; Humans ; Hypothermia ; Perfusion ; Ventricular Septum

BACKGROUND: In athlete's heart, functional and structural alteration are main features. We studied electrocardiograms(ECG's) and echocardiograms(UCG's) in soccer players before and after intensive training. METHODS: Fifteen soccer players with the mean age and career of 19.3 and 8.5 years,respectively,underwent intensive training for 5-5.5 months, which included running of 2 km daily during the last 2-2.5 months. Comparisons of ECG's and UCG's recorded before and after the training were made. RESULTS: The major abnormal finding in pre-training ECG's was high voltage being seen in 40% of the cases, and in UCG's left ventricular(LV) dilatation and/or hypertrophy or asymmetrical septal hypertrophy(ASH) were noted in approximately 80% of the cases. The incidences of these finding after the intensive training were essentially unchanged, and the mean of pre-and post-training fractional shortening(FS) and LV and left atrial dimensions were similar. The high voltage in ECG's showed no close correlation with LV dilatation or hypertrophy on UCG's. After the training, however, the mean values of the thickness of LV posterior wall and ventricular septum along with LV mass were significantly increased, and the right ventricular dimension was significantly decreased. CONCLUSIONS: The most frequent finding in ECG's and UCG's in soccer players, before and after intensive training,were high voltage, LV dilatation and /or hyperophy with or without ASH. The intensive training of 5-5.5 months duration caused no change in F8,but caused significant increase in the thickness of LV posterior wall and ventricular septum, and LV mass.
Dilatation ; Electrocardiography* ; Heart ; Hypertrophy ; Incidence ; Running ; Soccer* ; Ventricular Septum

We studied the angiographic findings in 65 patients wtih congenital pulmonary atresia, ages 4 days to 14 years(mean 3.3 yrs), form 1981 to 1986 at Severance Hospital Yonsei University. 1. 6 had pulmonary atresia with anintact interventricular septum, 38 had it with cardiac anomaly Renodynamically simulating TOF, and 21 associatedwith more complicated cardiac anomalies. 2. In the group with an intact ventricular septum, 5 showed confluentintrapericardial pulmonary artery, all segmental pulmonary arteries connceted to intrapericardial pulmoanryartery. 3. In the group simulating TOF, aorta arose from RV with or without overriding in 35. In 27 patients withconfluent intrapericardial pulmonary artery, 23 had more than 10 segmental pulmoanry arteries connceted tointrapericardial artery and 5 had severely hypoplastic hilar pulmonary arteries. In 11 with nonconfluentintrapericardial pulmonary artery, 4 had more than 10 segmental pulmonary arteries connected to central pulmonaryartery and 9 had severely hypoplastic hilar pulmonary arteries. 4. In the group associated with more complicatedcardiac anomaly, included 8 patients with atrioventricular discordance, 7 with univentricular heart and 6 withtricuspid atresia. In 17 patients with confluent intrapericardial artery, 16 had more than 10 segmental pulmoanryarteries conncected to intrapeircardial artery, one showed severe hypoplasia of hilar pulmonary arteries. Inanother 4 with nonconfluence, no one showed more than 10 segmental arteries conncted to intraperdicardial or hilarpulmonary artery.
Aorta ; Arteries ; Heart ; Humans ; Pulmonary Artery ; Pulmonary Atresia ; Ventricular Septum

PURPOSE: The easy recognition and characterization of a discrete or fixed subaortic ridge by echocardiography provides a method for prospective study of the coexistence of ventricular septal defect (VSD) and subaortic ridge. In the presence of a VSD, a subaortic ridge may be clinically silent, but the obstruction can progress if the VSD is surgically or spontaneously closed. This study was carried out to test the hypothesis that the presence of a subaortic ridge associated with a VSD is related abnormal shunt flow through the septal defect. METHODS: Serial two-dimensional echocardiographic diagnosis of the coexistence of VSD and subaortic ridge was done prospectively in 271 patients. The VSD was morphologically characterized as perimembranous, muscular, or subarterial according to the components of its borders. Also, defect size of the VSD was characterized. The presence of septal malalignment was established when the outlet septum was deviated anteriorly or posteriorly. The subaortic ridge was recognized when an echo-bright localized protusion into the left ventricular outflow tract extending from the margin of the septal defect. RESULTS: The prevalence of a subaortic ridge was 8.86% (24/271). The mean age of patients at the initial detection of a subaortic ridge was 11.3+/-9.8 months. Among the 24 patients with a subaortic ridge 14 patients (p<0.01) had more than moderate defect in size of VSD. 16 patients (16/24) had malalignment VSD (p<0.01). A subaortic ridge was found in 20 (9.9%) patients with perimembranous VSD, 4 (8.3%) with subarterial VSD. CONCLUSIONS: The presence of a subaortic ridge associated with a VSD is related to a more than moderate sized defect and/or a malaligned ventricular septum. It is possible that the increased turbulence adjustance to the area of the VSD could favor the development of an abnormal fibrous tissue below the aortic valve.
Aortic Valve ; Diagnosis ; Echocardiography* ; Heart Septal Defects, Ventricular* ; Humans ; Prevalence ; Ventricular Septum