No abstract available.
Vasospasm, Intracranial*

Vasospasm has been known to cause permanent morbidity in 40-70% of survivors who suffered from subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). Early recognition of vasospasm is the key to better outcome of SAH. Cerebral angiography is expensive and impractical as a monitoring tool. Transcranial Doppler is operator dependent, and not readily available. The objective of this study is to devise a non invasive tool to screen for cerebral vasospasm following SAH. The proposed vasospasm score was based on clinical and cranial CT scan features. The features are hypertension, admission World Federation of Neurosurgeons Score (WFNS), amount of blood in the cisterns and subarachnoid space, intraventricular hemorrhage and hydrocephalus. Thirty six patients with aneurismal SAH were assessed retrospectively and correlated with the angiogram for vasospasm. The patients’ vasospasm score and their corresponding sensitivity and specificity were: 1 (100%, 0%), 2 (100%, 8%), 3 (100%, 8%), 4 (100%, 8%), 5 (91%, 46%), 6 (74%, 85%), 7 (48%, 85%), 8 (26%, 23%), 9 (3%, 100%), 10 (4%, 100%). A receiver operator characteristic curve was constructed that yielded a cut-off score of 6. The score of 6 was a good trade-off between sensitivity (74%) and specificity (85%). A clinical vasospasm score was proposed to screen for vasospasm after SAH. A score of 4 to 6 was found to correlate with angiographic vasospasm. Prospective study is required to validate the scoring system.
Vasospasm ; Subarachnoid Hemorrhage ; Clinical ; Vasospasm mechanism ; Scores

No abstract available.
Cerebral Infarction ; Vasospasm, Intracranial

No abstract available.
Coronary Vasospasm* ; Heart Arrest* ; Verapamil*

No abstract available.
Anesthesia, Spinal* ; Coronary Vasospasm* ; Epinephrine*

No abstract available.
Anesthesia, Spinal* ; Coronary Vasospasm* ; Epinephrine*

Numerous approaches to the prevention and treatment of cerebral vasospasm have been made. Its etiology and pathogenesis are still not well understood, and there is no animal model that duplicates all of the key aspects of human cerebral vasospasm. It is therefore not surprising that most of the attempts to prevent or treat this condition have failed. Since 1980, there has been some progress toward the satisfactory management of this detrimental condition, but much remains to be done. In the present article, experimental therapies are examined in detail, followed by a review of promising new treatments presently in clinical trials and generally accepted management in reducing the ischemic complications related to cerebral vasospasm.
Humans ; Models, Animal ; Therapies, Investigational ; Vasospasm, Intracranial

No abstract available.
Latex* ; Polystyrenes* ; Potassium Channels* ; Potassium* ; Vasospasm, Intracranial*

No abstract available.
Coronary Vasospasm* ; Death, Sudden, Cardiac* ; Smoke* ; Smoking*

No abstract available.
Intracranial Aneurysm* ; Surgical Instruments* ; Vasospasm, Intracranial*