No abstract available.
Nifedipine* ; Vasopressins*

The efficacy of injection sclerotherapy for treatment of acute esophageal variceal bleeding is well established. But several complications of endoscopic sclerotherapy have been reported. One of the complications is mesenteric venous thrombosis which develops when vasopressin is user for the sclerotherapy. We report a case of superior mesenteric venous thrombosis with developed after endoscopic sclerotherapy for control of esophageal variceal bleeding.
Esophageal and Gastric Varices ; Sclerotherapy* ; Vasopressins ; Venous Thrombosis*

No abstract available.
Amnion* ; Amniotic Fluid* ; Female ; Prolactin* ; Rabbits* ; Vasopressins*

Female ; Humans ; Male ; Neuronal Plasticity ; Synapses ; Vasopressins

Intravenous vasopressin is a commonly used modality for the control of bleeding of the esophageal varices. The ischemic cutaneous necrosis by vassopressin can be occurred at extravasated sites, or proximal to an intravenous catheter site, or at isolated pressure points. We report a case of cutaneous necrosis which occurred at intravenous catheter sites and at distant sites from direct intravenous flow during vasopressin therapy.
Catheters ; Esophageal and Gastric Varices ; Hemorrhage ; Necrosis* ; Skin* ; Vasopressins

Rapid correction of chronic hyponatremia can be associated with osmotic demyelinating syndrome leading to irreversible brain injury. Therefore, the primary efforts must be focused on maintaining appropriate correction rate (<10-15 mEq/L/24hr). But overcorrection may occur unpredictably in various circumstances. However, several reports showed that rapid relowering of the serum sodium level prevents osmotic demyelinating syndrome and reduces neurological injury. We report two cases of overcorrected chronic hyponatremia. After overshooting, we considered the risk of osmotic demyelinating syndrome and injected vasopressin to patients. The serum sodium concentrations were relowered immediately with no neurological deficit. There was no significant side effect of vasopressin.
Brain Injuries ; Demyelinating Diseases ; Humans ; Hyponatremia* ; Sodium ; Vasopressins*

OBJECTIVE: Our aim was to report an effective procedure of injection of large amount of diluted vasopressin in the treatment of interstitial pregnancy using endoscopic cornuotomy METHODS: This is an uncontrolled retrospective study of 17 patients interstitial pregnancies treated of by endoscopic cornuotomy from June 2001 to June 2004 in our hospital. All cases were applied by the large amount of diluted vasopressin injection. RESULTS: Among 446 ectopic pregnancies, interstitial pregnancies were 17 (3.81%). Fourteen patients (82.4%) were unruptured, three patients (17.6%) were ruptured. Mean (+/-SD) age and parity of patients were 35.6+/-3.9 years (range 30-40 years), 1.5+/-2.1 (range 0-3), respectively. At the time of operation the duration of amenorrhea and mean size of ectopic gestation were 54.5+/-9.6 day and 2.6 x 2.6 cm, respectively. The amount of injected vasopressin was 190.0+/-55.5 cc. For the cornual closure, the endosuture method was applied in 10 patients (59%), and the endoloop method was applied in 7 patients (41%) The mean (+/-SD) blood loss and operation time were 18.2+/-15.9 cc and 28.3+/-7.8 minute, respectively. In fifteen patients (88%), serum beta-hCG level from the preoperative base was declined 90% or more within postoperative day 4 and in 2 patients (12%), it was decreased within postoperative day 60. CONCLUSION: Endoscopic cornuotomy using the large amount of diluted vasopressin injection procedure is a safe and effective in the interstitial pregnancy.
Amenorrhea ; Female ; Humans ; Parity ; Pregnancy* ; Pregnancy, Ectopic ; Retrospective Studies ; Vasopressins*

The purpose of this paper is to investigate the possible correlation between the choroidal blood flow and the amplitude of the b-wave in albino rabbits. The following vasoactive drugs were administered intravenously in order to change the blood flow, and the blood flow and the ERG were measured in the dark room after 30 minutes' dark adaptation. Epinephrine (0.5 mg/kg) produced slight reduction in the b-potential only when the blood flow decreased more than 10%. Pitressin (0.1 micro/kg) induced marked degree of blood flow reduction and this changes were always associated with parallel reduction in the b-potentiaI. Papaverine (2 mg/kg) also produced marked increase in blood flow and marked increase in the bpotential parallel to it. Hexamethonium bromide (1 mg/kg) produced parallel changes in the blood flow and the b-potential only when the blood flow decreased. Reserpine (0.2 mg/kg) induced moderate increase in the blood flow and this increase was associated with the increase in the b-potential. The possible applications of these results in the clinical practice were discussed.
Choroid* ; Dark Adaptation ; Epinephrine ; Hexamethonium ; Papaverine ; Rabbits* ; Reserpine ; Vasopressins

No abstract available.
Animals ; Gene Expression* ; Hypothalamus* ; Immunohistochemistry* ; In Situ Hybridization* ; Rats* ; Vasopressins*

BACKGROUND: Septic shock causes life threatening organ dysfunction needing vasopressor despite adequate fluid resuscitation. Numerous studies and meta-analysis have proven norepinephrine as the initial vasopressor of choice in septic shock with vasopressin as add-on. Although guidelines have established the goal monitoring response in septic shock, optimal approach in discontinuation of the vasopressors in the recovery phase of septic shock remains limited. METHODS: A systematic review and meta-analysis was performed on randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and nonrandomized studies comparing incidence of hypotension within 24 hours of discontinuing norepinephrine first versus vasopressin. Three reviewers independently selected studies, assessed their quality, and extracted the following data: the number and characteristics of patients enrolled, inclusion and exclusion criteria for each study, the description of interventions (discontinuing norepinephrine first versus discontinuing vasopressin first) and outcomes (incidence of hypotension within 24 hours). RESULTS: Seven retrospective cohort studies and one prospective randomized control trial were included. Compared with norepinephrine, risk of hypotension is higher when vasopressin is discontinued first among patients in the recovery phase of septic shock (RR 2.06; 95% CI [1.11,3.82]; I 2 91%). Results were consistent in the subgroup analysis after excluding abstract-only and poor-quality studies (RR 1.73; 95% CI [0.74, 4.03]; I 2 93%). There is no difference in ICU (RR 0.97; 95% CI [0.71, 1.32]; I 2 38%) and in-hospital mortality (RR 0.88; 95% CI [0.66, 1.16]; I 2 41%) between the two vasopressor weaning strategies. Finally ICU length of stay was reported on 5 studies with no significant difference between the two strategies. CONCLUSION: Based on the results, there is increased risk of hypotension when vasopressin is discontinued first versus norepinephrine.
Norepinephrine ; Shock, Septic ; AVP protein, human ; Vasopressins ; Vasoconstrictor Agents ; Neurophysins