In mankind, the circulation system is a closed pressure-loaded system; the pressure in circulation flow field would change with the variation of natural or pathological geometry of the local bloodvessel, and the pressure shift induced by the variation of vascular geometry would lead to a series of physiological and pathological changes in the endothelial cells (ECs). This experiment is designed to elucidate the effects of different pressure shift on F-actin alignment and expression in cultured endothelial cells in vitro, and to investigate the relationship between the altered pressure shift and the expression intensity of Vascular adhesion molecule (VCAM) and Integrin alphaVbeta3. Non-activated cultured ECs and single shear stress loaded ECs as control group were set, the double-immuno-fluoro-cytochemistry, laser confocal scanning microscopy and image analysis system were used to observe the expression of VCAM, Integrin alphaVbeta3 and F-actin in endothelial cells which were exposed to levels of pressure shift in an improved parallel plate flow chamber. When exposed to different decreased pressure shift, the expression intensity of VCAM, Integrin alphaVbeta3 and F-actin showed regular changes. The decreased pressure shift resulted in changes in cell alignment and cytoskeleton F-actin, and also affected ECs adhesion function and transmembrane mechanotransduction function which were represented by VCAM and Integrin alphaVbeta3 respectively.
Actins ; genetics ; metabolism ; Cell Adhesion ; Cells, Cultured ; Endothelial Cells ; cytology ; metabolism ; Hemodynamics ; Humans ; Integrin alphaVbeta3 ; genetics ; metabolism ; Pressure ; Umbilical Veins ; cytology ; Vascular Cell Adhesion Molecule-1 ; genetics ; metabolism

OBJECTIVETo explore the effect of hemangiopoietin (HAPO) on the adhesive properties of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC).

METHODSThe adhesion of HUVEC and the expressions of CD54, CD102, CD106, CD31, CD62E, and CD62P were measured by adhesion assay, flow cytometry, and semi-quantitative RT-PCR.

RESULTSHAPO enhanced the total adherence of HUVEC in a concentration-dependent manner. Flow cytometry analysis revealed that the treatment of HAPO resulted in a significantly increased expression of CD106 and CD62E on HUVEC in a time-dependent manner. When HUVEC were incubated with HAPO for 6 h, the percentage of CD106 + HUVEC and CD62E HUVEC increased about 2.10 folds and 5.84 folds, respectively, compared with control. The time-course of adhesive molecules mRNA expression indicated that the expression of CD106 and CD62E reached at the maximum 1.86 folds and 6.16 folds, respectively, compared with control.

CONCLUSIONHAPO may facilitate the homing of hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells.

Cell Adhesion Molecules ; metabolism ; Cells, Cultured ; E-Selectin ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; Endothelial Cells ; cytology ; Humans ; Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1 ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; Proteoglycans ; pharmacology ; RNA, Messenger ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; Umbilical Veins ; cytology ; Vascular Cell Adhesion Molecule-1 ; biosynthesis ; genetics

This study was purpose to compare and analyze the chronic lymphocytic leukemia human bone marrow stromal cells (CLL-hBMSC) and normal hBMSC (N-hBMSC) so as to provide theoretical evidence for establishment of CLL-hBMSC interaction model to imitate CLL microenvironment. Mononuclear cells (MNC) were isolated from bone marrow of CLL patients and healthy donors and then were cultured, hBMSC were established by expanding for at least five passages. The mRNA expression of adhesion molecules, such as vascular cell adhesion molecule 1 (VCAM-1) and intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM-1), was analyzed by real-time PCR. The mRNA and protein expression of lymphotoxin beta receptor (LTβR) were determined by real-time PCR and Western blot, respectively. The individual NF-κB members at protein level of CLL-hBMSC and N-hBMSC were examined by Western blot. The effect of LTα1β2 on individual NF-κB family members at protein level in CLL-hBMSC and N-hBMSC was also examined by Western blot. The death of CLL cells was determined by flow cytometry with PI staining when cultured with or without CLL-hBMSC and N-hBMSC at different time points. The results showed that the hBMSC could be established successfully from bone marrow of CLL patients, which were similar to N-hBMSC. Adhesion molecules, such as VCAM-1 and ICAM-1, were found to be expressed at similar mRNA levels in CLL-hBMSC and N-hBMSC. LTβR expressions at mRNA and protein levels were comparable between CLL-hBMSC and N-hBMSC. The protein expression of the individual NF-κB family members could be detected in CLL-hBMSC and N-hBMSC with similar expression levels. LTα1β2 stimulation activated both the classical ( RelA/p50 ) and alternative ( RelB/p52 ) NF-κB complexes in CLL-hBMSC and N-hBMSC. The capacities of CLL-hBMSC and N-hBMSC to protect CLL cell survival were similar. It is concluded that there is no statistical difference between bone marrow from healthy donors and CLL patients in the efficiency of generating of hBMSC. LTβR-NF-κB signaling molecules are expressed and activated on hBMSC with a similar pattern.
Humans ; Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1 ; metabolism ; Leukemia, Lymphocytic, Chronic, B-Cell ; genetics ; metabolism ; pathology ; Lymphotoxin beta Receptor ; metabolism ; Mesenchymal Stromal Cells ; cytology ; metabolism ; Signal Transduction ; Transcription Factor RelA ; metabolism ; Transcription Factor RelB ; metabolism ; Vascular Cell Adhesion Molecule-1 ; metabolism

OBJECTIVETo study the gene expression of adhesion molecules in pulmonary and hepatic microvascular endothelial cells during sepsis in mice.

METHODSMale mice were subjected to cecal ligation and puncture (CLP) and microvascular endothelial cells in pulmonary and hepatic tissues were harvested at 3 hours (early sepsis) and 12 hours (late sepsis) after CLP, respectively. Gene expression of the adhesion molecules was assessed by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Simultaneously, the alterations of myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity in pulmonary and hepatic tissues were also examined.

RESULTSE-selectin mRNA levels markedly increased at 3 hours after CLP in both pulmonary and hepatic microvascular endothelial cells, then they returned to the normal level at 12 hours after CLP. Increases in intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) mRNA levels were found at 3 hours after CLP in both pulmonary and hepatic microvascular endothelial cells, and these levels became higher at 12 hours after CLP. Adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1) mRNA expression of vascular cells also increased significantly at 3 hours and 12 hours after CLP in both pulmonary and hepatic microvascular endothelial cells. The level of VCAM-1 mRNA in hepatic microvascular endothelial cells was higher at 3 hours than that at 12 hours after CLP, while the level of VCAM-1 mRNA in pulmonary microvascular endothelial cells was higher at 12 hours than that at 3 hours after CLP. The MPO activity in pulmonary and hepatic tissues increased at 3 hours after CLP, compared with that of the sham group. They both declined significantly at 12 hours after CLP, but they were still higher than that of the sham group.

CONCLUSIONSThe up-regulation of the gene expression of adhesion molecules in pulmonary and hepatic microvascular endothelial cells is an important step for the migration and accumulation of leukocytes at the site of inflammation, which plays a critical role in organ damage during sepsis. And the contribution of the heterogeneity of endothelial cells in organs' vulnerability during sepsis is worth a further investigation.

Animals ; Endothelium, Vascular ; cytology ; Gene Expression ; Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1 ; genetics ; Liver ; cytology ; Lung ; cytology ; Male ; Mice ; Peroxidase ; metabolism ; Sepsis ; metabolism ; Up-Regulation ; Vascular Cell Adhesion Molecule-1 ; genetics

OBJECTIVETo investigate the role of cell adhesion molecule in the development and extramedullary infiltration (EI) of acute leukemia.

METHODSThe expressions of neural cell adhesion molecule (NCAM) gene, intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) and vascular cell adhesion molecule (VCAM-1) genes in 25 acute leukemia patients bone marrow cells were detected by microarray and reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR).

RESULTSThe expressions of NCAM, ICAM-1 and VCAM-1 gene were significantly higher in acute leukemia cells and leukemia cells with EI than in normal tissues and leukemia cells without EI, respectively, both by cDNA microarray and by RT-PCR.

CONCLUSIONThe cDNA microarray is a powerful technique in analysis of acute leukemia cells associated genes. High expressions of cell adhesion molecule genes might be correlated with leukemia pathogenesis and infiltration of acute leukemia cell.

Acute Disease ; Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Bone Marrow Cells ; metabolism ; pathology ; Cell Adhesion Molecules ; genetics ; Female ; Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic ; Humans ; Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1 ; genetics ; Leukemia, Myeloid ; genetics ; pathology ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Neural Cell Adhesion Molecules ; genetics ; Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis ; Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma ; genetics ; pathology ; RNA, Messenger ; genetics ; metabolism ; Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Vascular Cell Adhesion Molecule-1 ; genetics

OBJECTIVETo investigate the effect of Porphyromonas gingivalis (Pg) with different fimA genotypes on vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1) and intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) production by human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC).

METHODSIn the present study, PgATCC33277 (type I fimA genotype), WCSP 115 (type II fimA genotype), W83 (type IV fimA genotype), and Escherichia coli-lipopolysaccharide (Ec-LPS) were designed as experimental group 1, 2, 3, and positive control group, respectively, to stimulate HUVEC, and the un-stimulated HUVEC were analyzed as negative control group. The three strains of Pg were cultured anaerobically in standard condition, and then the Pg cells and Ec-LPS were co-cultured with HUVEC for 2, 6, and 24 h, respectively. The amount of ICAM-1 and VCAM-1 produced by HUVEC was detected with flow cytometry (FCM). The expression of ICAM-1 and VCAM-1 by HUVEC were assayed with confocal laser scanning microscope (CLSM).

RESULTSThe expression of ICAM-1 on the surface of HUVEC were intensified after infected by Pg with I, II, and IV fimA genotypes (P < 0.05). The amounts of ICAM-1 were 60.27 ± 5.43, 80.81 ± 1.44, and 85.94 ± 2.56 for Pg with type I fimA genotype, 86.69 ± 8.81, 90.19 ± 0.00, and 96.18 ± 0.48 for Pg with type II fimA genotype, 59.66 ± 0.40, 85.79 ± 4.86, and 96.04 ± 2.07 for Pg with type IV fimA genotype at 2, 6 and 24 h after infection, respectively. The up-regulation effects caused by Pg with type II and IV fimA genotypes were stronger than those caused by Pg with type I fimA genotype at different time points except at 2 h (P < 0.05). Under the present experimental condition, infected by Pg with type I, II and IV fimA genotypes stimulated low expression of VCAM-1 by HUVEC, it showed no significant differences among all the groups (P > 0.05). Expression of ICAM-1 and VCAM-1 in Pg infected HUVEC were confirmed by CLSM. Infection of HUVEC with Pg resulted in more fluorescence staining of ICAM-1 and VCAM-1 compared with that in uninfected HUVEC cultures.

CONCLUSIONSThe virulence and pathogenicity of Pg is associated with its fimA genotypes, Pg with type II and IV fimA genes possess stronger ability to stimulate HUVEC to up-regulate the expression of cell adhesion molecules, which may lead to disorders in vascular endothelial function.

Cells, Cultured ; Coculture Techniques ; Genotype ; Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells ; cytology ; microbiology ; Humans ; Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1 ; metabolism ; Microscopy, Confocal ; Porphyromonas gingivalis ; genetics ; pathogenicity ; Up-Regulation ; Vascular Cell Adhesion Molecule-1 ; metabolism

One of characteristic features of AIDS-related encephalitis and dementia is the infiltration of monocytes into the CNS. HIV-1 Tat was demonstrated to facilitate monocyte entry into the CNS. In this study, we examined the effect of HIV-1 Tat on the expression of adhesion molecules, generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and NF-kappaB activation in CRT-MG human astroglioma cells. Treatment of CRT-MG cells with HIV-1 Tat protein significantly increased protein and mRNA levels of ICAM-1 and VCAM-1, as measured by Western blot analysis and RT-PCR, indicating that Tat increases these protein levels at an mRNA level. In addition, Tat induced the activation of NF-kappaB in astrocytes. Treatment of CRT-MG with NF-kappaB inhibitors led to decrease in Tat-induced protein and mRNA expression of ICAM-1 and VCAM-1. Furthermore, HIV-1 Tat protein increased ROS generation. Inhibition of Tat-induced ROS generation by N-acetyl cysteine, vitamin C and diphenyl iodonium suppressed Tat-induced NF-kappaB activation, ICAM-1 and VCAM-1 expression, and monocyte adhesion in CRT-MG. These data indicate that HIV-1 Tat can modulate monocyte adhesiveness by increasing expression of adhesion molecules such as ICAM-1 and VCAM-1 via ROS- and NF-kappaB-dependent mechanisms in astrocytes.
Vascular Cell Adhesion Molecule-1/genetics/*metabolism ; Up-Regulation/*drug effects ; Transcription, Genetic/genetics ; Reactive Oxygen Species/*metabolism ; NF-kappa B/*metabolism ; Monocytes/cytology/*drug effects/metabolism ; Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1/genetics/*metabolism ; Humans ; *HIV-1 ; Gene Products, tat/*pharmacology ; Cell Line ; Cell Adhesion/drug effects ; Astrocytes/cytology/metabolism

This study was aimed to construct the mouse VCAM-1 expression vector, to establish the stably transfected MSC line and to investigate the effect of VCAM-1-modified mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) on the immunological characteristics of MSC. The cDNA of murine VCAM-1 gene was amplified by RT-PCR from the total RNA isolated from the mouse spleen; then the cDNA was inserted into the retrovirus vector PMSCVmigr-1; the recombinant plasmid was confirmed by restriction endonuclease experiments and sequencing, then designated as PMSCVmigr-1-mVCAM-1; the recombinant plasmid PMSCVmigr-1-mVCAM-1 was transfected into 293 cells by lipofecamin and the supernatant was collected to transfect MSC cell line (C3H10T1/2). Moreover, VCAM-1 expression on MSC was evaluated by FACS. Furthermore, the inhibitory effect of VCAM-1-MSC on lymphocytic transformation was tested by (3)H-TdR incorporation assay. The results indicated that the successful construction of recombinant retroviral expression plasmid of mouse VCAM-1 was confirmed by digesting and sequancing. After transfection of MSC with retroviral supernaptant, the high expression of VCAM-1 on MSC could be detected by flow cytometry. The MSC high expressing VCAM-1 could significantly inhibit the proliferation of Con A-inducing lymphocytes in dose-depentent marrer. It is concluded that recombinant retroviral encoding VCAM-1 (PMSCVmigr-1-mVCAM-1) has been successfully constructed and mouse VCAM-1 has been stably expressed in C3H10T1/2. MSC over-expressing VCAM-1 show more potent immunosuppressive effect on cellular immune reaction in vitro. Our data laid a foundation for the subsequent studying the effect of VCAM-1 transfecting into MSC on immune related disease study.
Animals ; Cell Line ; DNA, Complementary ; Genetic Vectors ; Mesenchymal Stromal Cells ; metabolism ; Mice ; Retroviridae ; Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Transfection ; Vascular Cell Adhesion Molecule-1 ; genetics

OBJECTIVETo investigate the protective effects of natakalim against rat aortic vascular endothelial cells (RAVECs) injuries induced by hypoxia and its mechanisms.

METHODSSelecting RAVECs as a cell model injured by hypoxia, these RAVECs were divided into 5 groups: i.e. control group, hypoxia group, natakalim low, medium and high group. The cell survival rate was determined by MTT assay, con was measured using Griess Assay, RT-PCR was used to examine t he expression of intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), endothelin-1 (ET-1) mRNA in RAVEC.

RESULTSNatakalim could reverse hypoxia-induced changes in endothelial cell function, including increased endothelial cell survival rate and level of NO concentration, significantly inhibited the hypoxia-induced endothelial ICAM-1, ET-1, VEGF mRNA expression levels increased.

CONCLUSIONNatakalim have protective effects on hypoxia-induced changes in endothelial cell function, increasing of permeation, excess expression of cell adhesion molecules.

Allyl Compounds ; pharmacology ; Animals ; Aorta ; cytology ; metabolism ; Cell Hypoxia ; Cells, Cultured ; Endothelial Cells ; metabolism ; Endothelin-1 ; metabolism ; Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1 ; metabolism ; Male ; Propylamines ; pharmacology ; RNA, Messenger ; genetics ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar ; Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A ; metabolism ; Vascular System Injuries ; metabolism

OBJECTIVETo investigate the anti-inflammatory effects on the vessel wall of rosuvastatin in apolipoprotein E-deficient mice.

METHODSEight-week-old apolipoprotein E-deficient mice fed a normal chow diet were treated with vehicle or various doses of rosuvastatin (1, 5, or 20 mg/kg) by subcutaneous injection for 2 or 6 weeks prior to sacrifice. Endothelial adhesiveness for monocytes was determined by functional binding assay. The expressions of vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 and monocyte chemotactic protein-1 in the vessel wall were detected by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction.

RESULTSEndothelial adhesiveness for monocytes was significantly attenuated after 2 or 6 weeks treatments with 5 or 20 mg/kg rosuvastatin. Rosuvastatin also significantly reduced the expressions of vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 and monocyte chemotactic protein-1 in the vessel wall.

CONCLUSIONThe anti-inflammatory effects of suvastatin might be responsible for attenuating the pathogenesis of atherogenesis in apolipoprotein E-deficient mice.

Animals ; Apolipoproteins E ; genetics ; Cell Adhesion ; drug effects ; Endothelium, Vascular ; cytology ; Fluorobenzenes ; pharmacology ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Mice, Knockout ; Monocytes ; drug effects ; metabolism ; Pyrimidines ; pharmacology ; Rosuvastatin Calcium ; Sulfonamides ; pharmacology ; Vascular Cell Adhesion Molecule-1 ; metabolism