No abstract available.
Phenylephrine* ; Receptors, Cholinergic* ; Vas Deferens*

Congenital anomaly of the vas deferens is often easily diagnosed by careful examination of the scrotum as well as by present popularity of vasectomy. By the fact that both systems originate from a common urogenital ridge of mesoderm, anomaly of the kidney has long been recognized to coexist with anomaly of the vas deferens. So, inability to palpate the vas deferens in routine examination or absence of vas deferens in vasectomy should alert the physician to study the patient for associated renal anomaly. We report one case of vas anomaly associated with ipsilateral renal hypoplasia with the brief review of literatures.
Humans ; Kidney ; Mesoderm ; Scrotum ; Vas Deferens ; Vasectomy

The three major scrotal anomalies are bifid scrotum, penoscrotal transposition, and ectopic or accessory scrotum. Bifid scrotum occurs if the genital swellings fail to fuse at the scrotal septum. Penoscrotal transposition results from abnormal genital tubercle development. This is associated with delay in the midline fusion of the urethral folds. Ectopic and accessory scrotum result from cleavage or abnormal migration of the genital swellings. Ectopic scrotum is extremely rare. His right scrotum was normal in position and size, and contained a normal palpable testis. The penis was showed externally normal appearance. At operation it was possible to excise the scrotal wall, preserving the vas deferens and the testicular vessels. Accessory scrotum has not been recorded in Korea. We experienced a case of unilateral ectopic scrotum and a case of accessory scrotum.
Korea ; Male ; Penis ; Scrotum* ; Testis ; Vas Deferens

Azoospermia/surgery* ; Humans ; Male ; Vas Deferens ; Vasectomy

OBJECTIVEStudying on the routes of vas deferens to provide anatomy basis for surgical operation, especially, reconstruction of long segment loss of vas deferens.

METHODSThe routes of vas deferens were observed and anatomic distances along epididymal, infrainguinal, inguinal, retroperitoneal and ampullar segments of vas deferens, the distances from external ring to extremity of vas deferens were measured respectively in 18 formalin fixed adult cadavers.

RESULTSThe vas deferens have a large curve from external ring to extremity in its route, draw it out from the external ring. Eliminating this curve will allow to shorten this segment of vas deferens for vasovasostomy by 6.1 - 12.9 (9.31 +/- 1.30) cm. The length of each segment of vas deferens, respectively, is epididymal: 3.2 - 5.6 (4.53 +/- 0.79) cm, infrainguinal: 4.5 - 9.5 (7.31 +/- 1.78) cm, inguinal: 4.4 - 7.5 (5.52 +/- 0.74) cm, retroperitoneal: 12.5 - 19.5 (16.75 +/- 1.87) cm and ampullar: 2.9 - 3.8 (3.63 +/- 0.23) cm. There was no significant differences in segment length and the distances from external ring to extremity of vas deferens between the right and left.

CONCLUSIONReconstruction of long segment loss of vas deferens can be performed by mobilization retroperitoneal vas deferens and draw it out from external ring. There were no significant differences in lengths of vas deferens and the distances from external ring to vassal extremity between the left and right in adults. The surgical operations of vas deferens are closely related each segment of vasa.

We presented one case of 43 years old man with ectopic ureter entering the seminal vesicle associated with ectopic renal dysplasia. He had complained of perineal and lower abdominal discomfort, hemospermia. The definite diagnosis was made by seminal vesiculogram through vas deferens. We report the case with brief review of literatures.
Adult ; Diagnosis ; Hemospermia ; Humans ; Seminal Vesicles* ; Ureter* ; Vas Deferens

Traumatic dislocation of the testis occurs when a normally distended testis assumes, as a result of trauma, a non-scrotal position by passing along fascial plane and through normal anatomic aperture. Less than 50 cases of true traumatic dislocation have been reported. The etiology, classification and treatment of testicular luxation are reviewed briefly. If efforts at closed reduction are unsuccessful, management requires surgical exploration and orchiopexy. The prognosis for recovered or fertility potential after this repair of dislocation of the testis is good. We report the case that one testis has traumatic dislocation with a ruptured vas deferens and the other has a primary spermatogenic defect.
Classification ; Dislocations* ; Fertility ; Orchiopexy ; Prognosis ; Testis* ; Vas Deferens

Duplication of the vas deferens is a very rare congenital anomaly in which two vasa deferentia coexist within the spermatic cord. Duplication of the vas deferens can be found during herniorrhaphy, vasectomy, and varicocelectomy performed on the spermatic cord or around the spermatic cord. However, it is estimated that the incidence of duplication of the vas deferens is under-reported and under-recognized. Unless anomalies of the vas deferens such as duplication of the vas deferens are recognized by surgeons, it will be difficult to reduce vas deferens injuries and achieve a satisfactory surgical outcome. In addition, care should be taken in cases of duplication of the vas deferens because it can be complicated by non-testicular genitourinary anomalies. We report a case of duplication of the vas deferens discovered during routine varicocelectomy.
Congenital Abnormalities ; Herniorrhaphy ; Incidence ; Spermatic Cord ; Varicocele ; Vas Deferens* ; Vasectomy

As Glassy and Mostofi stated, sperm granuloma is not rarely encountered in clinical practice and more cases are expected to occur due to practical vasectomy for family planning. Incomplete ligation after vasectomy or increased intraluminal pressures of vas deferens after vasectomy seems to predispose sperm granuloma. However, it is hard to review in literature to understand on its exact etiological mechanism and histologic picture of the lesion. The author has selected male albino rats and divided into 3 groups. Group I only ligation of the vas, group 2 vasectomy and ligation and group 3 vasectomy only without ligation. Gross and microscopic findings after 4 weeks were as following; 1. Pathologic lesions were noted in each experiment group. 2. Pathologic lesions were more frequently noted in group 2 and 3 than group 1. 3. The size of the pathologic lesion was larger in group 3 than group 1 or 2. 4. Pathologic lesion in group 1 or 2 was due to distention of the lumen due to increased intraluminal pressure and that of group 3 was due to leakage of the sperm into the surrounding soft tissue. 5. Pathologic lesions noted in this experiment was similar to those of human sperm granuloma.
Animals ; Family Planning Services ; Granuloma* ; Humans ; Ligation ; Male ; Rats ; Spermatozoa* ; Vas Deferens ; Vasectomy

An anastomosis of the vas deferens was performed on 17 patients since 1963.Semen specimens were examined repeatedly in 15 cases of the series after periods from 2 to 24 weeks following removal of the splint. The fifteen were found to have viable sperm in their ejaculates but one of these patients subsequently became azoospermic again. Three of the fifteen cases had some degree of deteriorated effects after the previous vasectomy but they were free of the complications following the successful anastomosis of the vas deferens. Operative rechnics were discussed. In this series 2-0 dermalon was used as a splint in 15 cases and stainless steel wire was used in 2 cases. Liothyronine was given to 16 of 17 patients at or before the operation for periods from 1 to 6months. Over-all successful results would indicate about 65 per cent of the cases operated in the literature. The author's small series indicates that more than 90 per cent of the operated cases could be successful in this operative procedure from the cytological point of view.
Humans ; Nylons ; Spermatozoa ; Splints ; Stainless Steel ; Surgical Procedures, Operative ; Triiodothyronine ; Vas Deferens* ; Vasectomy*