No abstract availabe.
Vagus Nerve Stimulation*

No abstract available.
Paralysis* ; Vagus Nerve*

There are virtually no cognitive and systemic side-effects associated with vagus nerve stimulation (VNS), which makes it a valuable treatment modality for patients with a poor tolerance to antiepileptic drugs. The safety of VNS therapy have been established in clinical studies, but there are few reports on the cardiac side effect associated with the intraoperative lead testing for implantation of the device for VNS. We report a patient with refractory epilepsy who experienced a complete atrioventricular block intraoperatively as a result of inadvertently high current intensity during the initial testing for implantation of a left vagus nerve stimulator.
Anticonvulsants ; Atrioventricular Block ; Epilepsy ; Humans ; Vagus Nerve Stimulation* ; Vagus Nerve*

Patients under 65 with perforated duodenal ulceration received vagotomy as method of Taylor or Hill barker in ViÖt §øc during 1992-1998. The results of nervous anatomy and clinical practice has shown that vagal structure in the below of diaphragm was various: 45% of anterior vagus had 2-3 stems, 29% of posterior vagus had 2 stems, 30% of vagus had vago accessorius which lies along with left of esophago abdominal wall, there were changes of number of stem latarjet. The operation as Hill Barker can reduced peptic acid better than this as Taylor
Vagus Nerve ; anatomy & histology ; Vagotomy

The authors report a case of glossopharyngeal neuralgia which was successfully treated with intracranial section of the glossopharyngeal and upper two rootlets of the vagus nerves. Despite of the complete section of these nerves, corresponding sensory or motor deficit was not developed. And the histories of this surgery were reviewed.
Glossopharyngeal Nerve Diseases ; Neuralgia* ; Vagus Nerve

Vagal nerve stimulation is an important therapy for medically refractory epilepsy and major depression. Additionally, it may prove effective in treating obesity, Alzheimer's disease, and some neuropsychiatic disorders. As the number of approved indications increases, more patients are becoming eligible for surgical placement of a vagal nerve stimulator. Vagus nerve stimulator placement typically requires general anesthesia, and patients with previously implanted devices may present for other surgical procedures requiring anesthetic management. We have experienced anesthesia for 18 patients, which will be considered to help in anesthesia for vagus nerve stimulator in the future.
Alzheimer Disease ; Anesthesia ; Anesthesia, General ; Depression ; Epilepsy* ; Humans ; Obesity ; Vagus Nerve Stimulation ; Vagus Nerve*

OBJECTIVES: Several novel and minimally invasive techniques to stimulate the brain have recently developed. Among these newer somatic interventions, vagus nerve stimulation(VNS) is regarded as a promising tool in the treatment of various neuropsychiatric disorders. This article reviews the history, methodology, and the future of VNS technique and its emerging research and therapeutic applications in the field of neuropsychiatry. METHODS: Wide ranged literature reviews and discussion with pioneering researchers were performed. RESULTS: VNS has been used in the treatment of refractory seizure disorder and depression. There are some reasons to hope that VNS might have other therapeutic applications in neuropsychiatric disorders, as well as advanced understanding about the pathophysiology of these disorders. CONCLUSION: Regardless of its clinical role as a new therapeutic technique, the capacity of VNS as a research tool to alter brain activity should lead to important advances in the understanding of brain-behavior relationships.
Brain ; Depression ; Epilepsy ; Hope ; Neuropsychiatry* ; Seizures ; Vagus Nerve Stimulation* ; Vagus Nerve*

Achalasia is rare disorder with an estimated prevalence of 0.5~1 per 100,000 per year and secondary achalasia due to trauma is rarer. The following case report describes a patient who developed achalasia after chest trauma. This report presents a 22 year-old male with chest trauma who had hoarseness and postprandial reflux. We suggested the achalasia through video-fluoroscopic swallowing study (VFSS), and confirmed superior and recurrent laryngeal neuropathies through laryngeal electromyography (EMG). VFSS and laryngeal EMG are helpful to diagnose the achalasia due to vagus nerve injury after chest trauma.
Deglutition ; Electromyography ; Esophageal Achalasia ; Hoarseness ; Humans ; Male ; Prevalence ; Thorax ; Vagus Nerve ; Vagus Nerve Injuries

OBJECTIVE: To observe the effect of transcutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulation (taVNS) on the sleep quality and nocturnal heart rate variability (HRV) in patients with primary insomnia. METHODS: Twenty-one patients with primary insomnia were included. Using SDZ-ⅡB electric acupuncture apparatus, Xin (CO₁₅) and Shen (CO₁₀) were stimulated with disperse-dense wave, 4 Hz/ 20 Hz in frequency, (0.2±30%) ms of pulse width and tolerable intensity. Electric stimulation was given once every morning and evening of a day, 30 min each time, for 4 weeks totally. Before and after treatment, the score of Pittsburgh sleep quality index (PSQI), objective sleep structure (total sleep time [TST], sleep latency [SL], wake after sleep onset [WASO], sleep efficiency [SE], the percentages of non-rapid eye movement period 1, 2, 3, and the percentage of rapid eye movement period to TST [N1%, N2%, N3%, REM%] ) and nocturnal HRV (high frequency [HF], low frequency [LF], the ratio of LF to HF [LF/HF], standard deviation for the normal RR intervals [SDNN], squared root of the mean sum of squares of differences between adjacent intervals RR [RMSSD], the percentage of adjacent RR intervals with differences larger than 50 ms in the entire recording [PNN50%], the mean of sinus RR intervals [NNMean] ) were compared in the patients separately. RESULTS: After treatment, the score of each item and the total score of PSQI and SL were all reduced as compared with those before treatment (P<0.01, P<0.001); SE, N3%, LF, HF, LF/HF, SDNN, NNMean and RMSSD were all increased compared with those before treatment (P<0.001, P<0.01). CONCLUSION The taVNS improves the sleep quality and objective sleep structure in patients with primary insomnia, which is probably related to the regulation of autonomic nervous functions.
Heart Rate/physiology* ; Humans ; Sleep/physiology* ; Sleep Initiation and Maintenance Disorders/therapy* ; Vagus Nerve ; Vagus Nerve Stimulation

Dysphagia secondary to peripheral cranial nerve injury originates from weak and uncoordinated contraction-relaxation of cricopharyngeal muscle. We report on two patients who suffered vagus nerve injury during surgery and showed sudden dysphagia by opening dysfunction of upper esophageal sphincter (UES). Videofluoroscopy-guided balloon dilatation of UES was performed. We confirmed an early improvement of the opening dysfunctions of UES, although other neurologic symptoms persisted. While we did not have a proper comparison of cases, the videofluoroscopy-guided balloon dilatation of UES is thought to be helpful for the early recovery of dysphagia caused by postoperative vagus nerve injury.
Cranial Nerve Injuries ; Deglutition Disorders ; Dilatation* ; Esophageal Sphincter, Upper* ; Humans ; Muscles ; Neurologic Manifestations ; Vagus Nerve Injuries* ; Vagus Nerve*