Esophageal duplication cysts are a very rare form of benign esophageal tumors and are frequently asymptomatic. Esophageal duplication cysts result from errors in coalescence of vacuoles during the normal secretion and vacuolization process in the 10-mm embryo. Recently, we experienced a case of long tubular esophageal duplication complicated with perforation into esophageal lumen. We report it with a review of literatures.
Embryonic Structures ; Vacuoles

In order to interprete the significance of the vacuolation found in the corneal endothelium, flat preparations of the corneal endothelium were made in human eyes aged from neonate to 72 year. The result were as follows. 1. The endothelial vacuoles were more frequent with the increase in the time of the post-mortem delay. 2. The endothelial vacuoles were more prevalent in aged. 3. The vacuoles in the endothelium were more easily formed in the peripheral area than the central area. 4. Gross vacuolation found in the corneal endothelium was shown to be the result of post mortem degeneration.
Endothelium ; Endothelium, Corneal* ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Vacuoles*

The author experienced a case of paraffinoma in a 64-year-old woman who complained of nontender hard masses of both upper lids causing difficulties of eye opening and ptosis and had undergone injection of foreign material into zygomatic areas 20 years ago for cosmesis. Excisional biopsy showed multiple irregular shaped vacuoles with perivacuolar dense fibrotic rim and chronic inflammatory cell infiltration in interstitium. These findings were consistent with lipogranuloma[paraffinoma].
Biopsy ; Female ; Granuloma, Foreign-Body ; Humans ; Middle Aged ; Vacuoles

Epithelioid angiosarcoma has recently been described as a variant of angiosarcoma, based on its pathologic feature which is characterized by epithelioid or histiocytoid morphology of the malignant tumor cells. We report a case of epithelioid angiosarcoma on the lower back of a 65-year-old man. The patient had several, variable-sized, pedunculated, fungating masses. On histopathologic examination, the tumor was chiefly composed of solid sheets of atypical epithelioid cells with prominent eosinophilic cytoplasm, a large vesicular nuclei, and occasional intracytoplasmic vacuoles. Primitive vascular spaces, and a cleft with malignant cells and proliferating vessels were also found in some areas. The reticulum stain and immunohistochemical stain using factor VII-related antigen and CD 31 were focally positive in the tumor. He was treated by wide surgical excision.
Aged ; Cytoplasm ; Eosinophils ; Epithelioid Cells ; Hemangiosarcoma* ; Humans ; Reticulum ; Vacuoles

Nonaka myopathy (NM) or distal myopathy with rimmed vacuoles (DMRV) is an autosomal recessively inherited neuromuscular disorder characterized by early adult-onset weakness of distal muscles, rimmed vacuoles in muscle biopsy, and mutations in the UDP-N-acetylglucosamine 2-epimerase/N-acetylmannosamine kinase (GNE) gene. The authors describe a patient with typical clinical features of NM confirmed by GNE mutation. Mutation analysis of the GNE gene revealed that the patient was a compound heterozygous for V572L and C13S mutations.
Biopsy ; Distal Myopathies ; Humans ; Muscles ; Muscular Diseases* ; Phosphotransferases ; Vacuoles

Acrysof intraocular lens (IOL) (Alcon,Dallas,USA), the first commercially available foldable acrylic IOL, which was approved for marketing in the United states on December, 1994 and in the Korea on August, 1997.It is made with an acrylic/methacrylic polymer. Characteristics of the Acrysofistiguished from commonly used foldable silicon IOLs include improved elastic properties (not slippery when wet), slow and controlled unfolding, and a high refractory index resulting in a thinner lens. We experienced vacuolesin Acrysof IOLs which has no visual influence in 4 cases and report this unusual cases with a review of available literature.
Korea ; Lenses, Intraocular* ; Marketing ; Polymers ; Silicones ; United States ; Vacuoles*

Colonic pseudolipomatosis is a benign condition that is caused by mechanical trauma during an endoscopic procedure or by disinfectant colitis. It is characterized by empty vacuoles that are similar to the adipocyte in the lamina propria on histology and whitish plaques that are seen endoscopy. The prevalence of pseudolipomatosis is relatively low due to the lack of clinical experience and there have been no Korean reports about colonic pseudolipomatosis with the typical endoscopic findings. We report here on three cases of colonic pseudolipomatosis that was caused by endoscope disinfectant (paracetic acid). Typical whitish plaques were observed during the colonoscopic procedures in all 3 cases. In one case, whitish plaques appeared before our eyes immediately after the sudden appearance of whitish foamy fluid when the water button was depressed. H&E stain revealed empty vacuoles in the lamina propria and immunohistochemical staining showed no expression of CD31, CD34 and s-100. There were no symptoms related to these lesions in our cases.
Adipocytes ; Colitis ; Colon ; Endoscopes ; Endoscopy ; Eye ; Mucous Membrane ; Prevalence ; Vacuoles

We present a case of bullous congenital ichthyosiform erythroderma in a two year old female, in whom no hereditary background was found. The skin lesion was characterized clinically by blister formation with generalized erythematous hyperkeratosis which was especially prominent on the flexural surfaces of extremities and intertriginous areas. The histopathologic examination revealed marked hyperkeratosis, cavity changes of the malpighian cells with perinuclear vacuoles and markedly thickened granular layer containing many keratohyaline granules.
Blister ; Extremities ; Female ; Humans ; Hyperkeratosis, Epidermolytic* ; Skin ; Vacuoles

Angiosarcoma with predominantly epithelioid features is a rare soft tissue neoplasm and the interpretation of its cytopathologic findings may be difficult. We report a case of metastatic angiosarcoma with predominantly epithelioid features diagnosed by liquid-based cytology. The cytopathologic findings in this case differed from those of the conventional preparation and we found a clean background, no hyperchromatic nuclei and several cytoplasmic changes, including intracytoplasmic vacuoles with peculiar shapes, juxtanuclear condensation and perinuclear clearing. Identification of these changes using liquid-based cytology supplemented with immunochemistry may be helpful in reaching a correct cytopathologic diagnosis.
Cytodiagnosis ; Cytoplasm* ; Diagnosis ; Hemangiosarcoma* ; Immunochemistry ; Soft Tissue Neoplasms ; Vacuoles

Cell death is a major physiological or pathological phenomenon in life activities. The classic forms of cell death include apoptosis, necrosis, and autophagy. Recently, a novel type of cell death has been observed and termed as methuosis, in which excessive stimuli can induce cytoplasmic uptake and accumulation of small bubbles that gradually merge into giant vacuoles, eventually leading to decreased cellular metabolic activity, cell membrane rupture and cell death. In this article, we describe the nomenclature, morphological characteristics and underlying mechanisms of methuosis, compare methuosis with autophagy, oncosis and paraptosis, and review the related researches.
Apoptosis ; Autophagy ; Cell Death ; Cytoplasm ; Humans ; Necrosis ; Vacuoles