PURPOSE: To identify ophthalmologic features of Kawasaki disease (KD), and to evaluate anterior uveitis incidence in typical KD and atypical KD. METHODS: We conducted a retrospective chart review of 60 patients who clinically suspected KD at The Catholic University of Korea Uijeongbu St. Mary's Hospital between October 2013 and January 2015. RESULTS: Among a total of 60 patients, 46 were diagnosed with KD; 32 (69.57%) were typical KD and, 14 (30.43%) atypical KD. Anterior uveitis was reported in 69.57% of children with KD. Slit-lamp examination showed anterior chamber cells (average Standardization of Uveitis Nomenclature [SUN] grade 1.3) and the anterior uveitis fully resolved within 9.4 days after the onset of the disease. There was no significant difference in typical KD and atypical KD in terms of age, gender, or uveitis incidence. CONCLUSIONS: KD may progress with severe cardiac complications, eventually resulting in permanent sequale. Therefore, early diagnosis and therapeutic intervention is important in KD patients. Anterior uveitis as diagnostic criteria for KD has yielded 100% positive predictive value, 69.6% sensitivity and 100% specificity. Ophthalmologic examination may be useful for suspected KD patients, and a high index of suspicion is necessary in patients with anterior uveitis.
Anterior Chamber ; Child ; Early Diagnosis ; Humans ; Incidence ; Korea ; Mucocutaneous Lymph Node Syndrome ; Retrospective Studies ; Sensitivity and Specificity ; Uveitis ; Uveitis, Anterior* ; Vasculitis

PURPOSE: We attempted to detect the herpes virus using a polymerase chain reaction (PCR) technique from the aqueous humor of patients who were suspected of having herpetic uveitis. METHODS: We obtained aqueous humor from four patients who suffered from elevated intraocular pressure and uveitis but did not respond to steroid and intraocular pressure depressants. We employed the PCR technique for to detect herpes-virus specific DNA. Patients were treated with oral and topical acyclovir. RESULTS: Uveitis of varying severity and progressive iris atrophy was observed in all patients. Varicella zoster virus (VZV) specific DNA was detected in two of four patients. Two patients showed a favorable course but the other two patients showed an unfavorable course due to advanced peripheral anterior synechia and corneal decompensation. CONCLUSIONS: Diagnosis of herpetic uveitis was difficult because it was not usually accompanied by dendritic corneal lesions. Herpetic uveitis should be considered whenever anterior uveitis and elevated intraocular pressure accompanies the characteristic iris atrophy. PCR was very useful in detecting the virus DNA in the aqueous humor to enable rapid diagnosis and adequate treatment.
Acyclovir ; Aqueous Humor ; Atrophy ; Diagnosis* ; DNA ; Glaucoma* ; Herpesvirus 3, Human ; Humans ; Intraocular Pressure ; Iris ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Uveitis ; Uveitis, Anterior

Posterior scleritis is an uncommon disease. Its clinical manifestations may include pain. reduced visual acuity, cellular infiltration in the aqueous and vitreous humor, serous retinal detachment, chorioretinal lesions, and disc or macular edema. The diagnosis of posterior scleritis is often difficult due to its rarity and the diversity of symptoms. However, ultrasography and computed tomography are noninvasive methods for diagnosis of posterior scleritis. We treated posterior scleritis associated with ciliochoroidal detachment and anterior uveitis with sclerotomy, drainage of ciliochoroidal fluid in a background diabetic retinopathy patient.
Ants* ; Diabetic Retinopathy* ; Diagnosis ; Drainage ; Humans ; Macular Edema ; Retinal Detachment ; Scleritis* ; Uveitis* ; Uveitis, Anterior ; Visual Acuity ; Vitreous Body

We conducted a retrospective analysis of 394 patients with uveitis seen at Kyung Hee University Medical Center from January 1982 to June 1987 to determine the frequency of occurence and to study the clinical characteristiscs of various form of uveitis. The results were as follows; 1. In classification of uveitis by location, 309 patients(78.4%) were anterior uveitis, 41 patients(10.4%) were posterior uveitis, 31 cases(7.9%) occurred as panuveitis. Pars planitis accounted for 13 cases(3.3%). Anterior uveitis was the most common causes of uveitis. 2. In cases of anterior uveitis, 127 cases(32.7%) were idiopathic iridocyclitis, 121 cases(30.7%) were traumatic iridocyclitis. In cases of posterior uveitis, Tuberculous uveitis was seen in 11 cases(2.8%), and Toxoplasmic chorioretinitis occured 10 cases(2.5%). In case of panuveitis, Behcet's disease was observed 10 patients(2.5%), and was the most common cause of panuveitis, pars planitis accounted for 13 cases(13.3%). 3. In aspect of age of uveitis, the peak age was 16~45 yrs.(60.6%). In case of anterior uveitis and pars planitis, peak age group was 16~45 yrs. In case of posterior uveitis and panuveitis, peak age group was 31~60 yrs. 4. In clinical characteristics of uveitis by location, anterior uveitis occurred at mostly younger age than did any uveitis(27.8 yrs.) in average age of diagnosis. In sex ratio, male patient of pars planitis predominated with over 3 times number of female patient. In the average duration of illness from the date of first symptom to date of first recorded quiescence, anterior uveitis was mostly shorter duration than did any uveitis(1.1 Mon.). 5. In the evaluation of laterality, all cases showed binocular equal distribution except pars planitis. 6. The largest number of complication was showed in panuveitis. 7. The most common symptom of uveitis was visual disturbance.
Academic Medical Centers ; Chorioretinitis ; Classification* ; Diagnosis ; Female ; Humans ; Iridocyclitis ; Male ; Panuveitis ; Pars Planitis ; Retrospective Studies ; Sex Ratio ; Telescopes ; Uveitis* ; Uveitis, Anterior ; Uveitis, Posterior

In order to investigate the efficiency of various laboratory studies of uveitis, we performed a series of studies including complete boold count, immunologic tests and radiolgic examination for 70 patients with uveitis and same number of controls who had visited at St. Mary's Hospital, Catholic University Medical College from October 1992 to May 1993. The series of uveitis consists of 24 patients(34.3%) of anterior uveitis, 20 patients(28.6%) of posterior uneitis and 17 patients(24.3%) of intermediate uveitis. Only 7 cases presented positive results for the specific laboratory studies. Two patients of uveitis were positive for cytomegalovirus IgM, one for toxoplasma IgG and one for VDRL. One patient showed evidence of sacroilitis on sacroiliac joint X-ray. Skin test for Clonorchis sinensis was positive in one patient of uveitis. One case in the control group was positive for toxoplasma IgG. From the above results, we suggest that the selective laboratory studies should be carried out on the basis of the patient's histories and ocular findings for the more specific and etiological diagnosis of uveitis.
Clonorchis sinensis ; Cytomegalovirus ; Diagnosis ; Humans ; Immunoglobulin G ; Immunoglobulin M ; Immunologic Tests ; Sacroiliac Joint ; Skin Tests ; Toxoplasma ; Uveitis* ; Uveitis, Anterior ; Uveitis, Intermediate

PURPOSE: To study the clinical course of herpes zoster ophthalmicus (HZO) and to compare the demographics, treatments, and outcomes in patients under 50 years of age versus patients 50 years of age or older at the time of diagnosis. METHODS: A retrospective chart review was performed of 102 patients who were diagnosed with HZO between January 1, 2008 and December 31, 2010. Baseline demographics and clinical characteristics between patients with an onset of HZO under the age of 50 years and patients with an onset of HZO at the age of 50 years or older were compared. RESULTS: Similar numbers of patients were affected with HZO in the younger and older age groups (n = 44, 43.1%, vs. n = 58, 56.9%). The mean +/- SD of age was 50.6 +/- 21.8 years (range, 3-89 years) and the most common decade of HZO onset was between 50 and 59 years. Gender and disease laterality were not statistically different between the 2 groups. No significant difference was found regarding the presence of any ocular manifestation between the groups; however, anterior uveitis was more frequent in the younger patients (p = 0.04). The number of patients with immunosuppressive therapy was higher in the younger age group (p = 0.01). CONCLUSIONS: HZO-affected patients under the age of 50 years and older than 50 years were equally distributed, with the most common decade of onset between the age of 50 and 59 years. Younger patients had a higher incidence of anterior uveitis and immunosuppressive therapy due to underlying systemic diseases.
Demography ; Diagnosis ; Herpes Zoster Ophthalmicus* ; Humans ; Incidence ; Retrospective Studies ; Uveitis, Anterior

PURPOSE: To report a case of Chandler's syndrome associated with anterior uveitis. METHODS: We encountered a 39-year-old woman who complained of decreased visual acuity in the left eye with anterior uveitis and increased intraocular pressure. On examination, we found corectopia, endothelial pleomorphism and peripheral anterior synechiae, leading to the diagnosis of Chandler's syndrome with anterior uveitis. RESULTS: The anterior uveitis and increased intraocular pressure in Chandler's syndrome were well controlled with the use of Beta-blocker, Latanoprost and topical corticosteroids. We report this case with a review of the literatures.
Adrenal Cortex Hormones ; Adult ; Diagnosis ; Female ; Humans ; Intraocular Pressure ; Iridocorneal Endothelial Syndrome* ; Uveitis, Anterior* ; Visual Acuity

PURPOSE: To report a case of Chandler's syndrome associated with anterior uveitis. METHODS: We encountered a 39-year-old woman who complained of decreased visual acuity in the left eye with anterior uveitis and increased intraocular pressure. On examination, we found corectopia, endothelial pleomorphism and peripheral anterior synechiae, leading to the diagnosis of Chandler's syndrome with anterior uveitis. RESULTS: The anterior uveitis and increased intraocular pressure in Chandler's syndrome were well controlled with the use of Beta-blocker, Latanoprost and topical corticosteroids. We report this case with a review of the literatures.
Adrenal Cortex Hormones ; Adult ; Diagnosis ; Female ; Humans ; Intraocular Pressure ; Iridocorneal Endothelial Syndrome* ; Uveitis, Anterior* ; Visual Acuity

PURPOSE: There are no specific tests for diagnosing Kawasaki disease (KD). Additional diagnostic criteria are needed to prevent the delayed diagnosis of incomplete Kawasaki disease (IKD). This study compared the frequency of coronary artery lesions (CALs) in IKD patients with and without anterior uveitis (AU) and elucidated whether the finding of AU supported the diagnosis of IKD. METHODS: This study enrolled patients diagnosed with IKD at The Catholic University of Korea, Uijeongbu St. Mary's Hospital from January 2010 to December 2014. The patients were divided into 2 groups: group 1 included patients with IKD having AU; and group 2 included patients with IKD without AU. We analyzed the demographic and clinical data (age, gender, duration of fever, and the number of diagnostic criteria), laboratory results, and echocardiographic findings. RESULTS: Of 111 patients with IKD, 41 had uveitis (36.98%, group 1) and 70 did not (63.02%, group 2). Patients in group 1 had received a diagnosis and treatment earlier, and had fewer CALs (3 of 41, 1.7%) than those in group 2 (20 of 70, 28.5%) (P=0.008). All 3 patients with CALs in group 1 had coronary dilatation, while patients with CALs in group 2 had CALs ranging from coronary dilatation to giant aneurysm. CONCLUSION: The diagnosis of IKD is challenging but can be supported by the presence of features such as AU. Group 1 had a lower risk of coronary artery disease than group 2. Therefore, the presence of AU is helpful in the early diagnosis and treatment of IKD and can be used as an additional diagnostic tool.
Aneurysm ; Coronary Artery Disease ; Coronary Vessels ; Delayed Diagnosis ; Diagnosis ; Dilatation ; Early Diagnosis ; Echocardiography ; Fever ; Humans ; Korea ; Mucocutaneous Lymph Node Syndrome* ; Uveitis ; Uveitis, Anterior*

Behcet's disease is a chronic, relapsing, inflammatory multisystem disorder characterized by recurrent oral and genital ulcerations along with eye lesions (anterior uveitis, posterior uveitis, cells in vitreous on slit lamp examination, retinal vasculitis observed by ophthalmologist), skin lesions (erythema nodosum, pseudofolliculitis, papulopustular lesions, acneiform nodules), arthralgia, central nervous system and vascular involvement, and gastrointestinal manifestations. The etiology of Behcet's disease remains unknown. We report a case of a 48-year-old male with a 25-year-history of blindness, recurrent ulcers on mucosal surfaces, and papulopustular lesions on the trunk. Dapsone is an easily available, cheap and relatively safe drug, useful particularly in the management of the mucocutaneous symptoms of Behcet's disease. Dapsone 100 mg was given daily for one month which resulted in improvement of skin and mucosal lesions. Early diagnosis and treatment of this condition is important to prevent irreversible organ damage and mandatory to reduce mortality and morbidity.

Human ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Arthralgia ; Behcet Syndrome ; Blindness ; Dapsone ; Early Diagnosis ; Erythema Nodosum ; Ophthalmologists ; Retinal Vasculitis ; Skin ; Slit Lamp Microscopy ; Ulcer ; Uveitis, Anterior ; Uveitis, Posterior