OBJECTIVETo explore the therapeutic effect of acupuncture on disorders of myometrial gland and the mechanism.

METHODSSixty-six cases were randomly divided into an acupuncture group and a medication group, 33 cases in each group. The acupuncture group were treated with acupuncture at Zhongji (CV 3), Shuidao (ST 28), Tainshu (ST 25), Qugu (CV 2), Zigong (EX-CA 1) as main; the medication group were treated with oral administration of Danazol. Changes of estradiol (E2) level, hemoglobin (Hb) and blood platelet counter (BPC) were observed in the acupuncture group, and the therapeutic effects of the two group were compared.

RESULTSThe total effective rate was 97.0% in the acupuncture group and 72.7% in the medication group, the former being better than the latter (P<0.05). After treatment, E2 level decreased and Hb and BPC increased in the acupuncture group.

CONCLUSIONAcupuncture has obvious therapeutic effect, which is better than that of simple western medicine. Acupuncture can decrease E2 level.

Acupuncture Therapy ; Adult ; Danazol ; therapeutic use ; Endometriosis ; therapy ; Female ; Humans ; Middle Aged ; Moxibustion ; Myometrium ; Uterine Diseases ; therapy

Although chemotherapy remains to be the mainstay of treatment of trophoblastic disease, hysterectomy has been performed as the primary management of nonmetastatic trophoblastic disease who desire sterilization and for uterine disease resistant to chemotherapy. Clinically, the documentation of disease regression is provided by serial quantitative serum beta-hCG assays and the persistent disease may be indicated when the serum beta-hCG values rise for 2 weeks or plateau for 3 weeks or more. Because of similarity in molecular structure, the confounding effect of an elevated LH on beta-hCG assessment in castrated women after treatment for trophoblastic disease has been documented. This LH cross-reactivity may be suspected in women with bilateral oophorectomy demonstrating persistent low levels of beta-hCG. It is particularly true when the assay is perfo-rmed by conventional polyclonal radioimmunoassay. We have experienced two cases of nonmetastatic trophoblastic disease whose serum beta-hCG assay plateaued at a low level after total abdominal hysterectomy with bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy and chemotherapy. Clinical and radiologic work-ups were done for metastatic lesion in dose patients, but the results were negative. The quantitative LH assays (Serono LH MAIAclone kit, Roma, Italy) were performed with the sera obtained from the patients; the results were 37 and 31 mIU/ml (1st IRP) with beta-hCG of 14 and 13 mIU/ml (1st IRP), respec-tively. With the initiation of oral estrogen replacement thrapy to those patients, the quantitative beta-hCG values fell below 5 mIU/ml (1st IRP) and they remained in complete chemical remission without any additional chemotherapy for one year. The persistant low titers of beta-hCG in those patients were considered to be result of LH cross-reactivity on beta-hCG assessment. It is concluded that whenever the assay of beta-hCG shows persistent low titers in the oophorectomized patient for treatment of trophoblastic disease, LH cross-reactivity should be suspected.
Drug Therapy ; Estrogen Replacement Therapy ; Female ; Gestational Trophoblastic Disease* ; Humans ; Hysterectomy ; Molecular Structure ; Ovariectomy ; Radioimmunoassay ; Sterilization ; Trophoblasts ; Uterine Diseases

Although chemotherapy remains to be the mainstay of treatment of trophoblastic disease, hysterectomy has been performed as the primary management of nonmetastatic trophoblastic disease who desire sterilization and for uterine disease resistant to chemotherapy. Clinically, the documentation of disease regression is provided by serial quantitative serum beta-hCG assays and the persistent disease may be indicated when the serum beta-hCG values rise for 2 weeks or plateau for 3 weeks or more. Because of similarity in molecular structure, the confounding effect of an elevated LH on beta-hCG assessment in castrated women after treatment for trophoblastic disease has been documented. This LH cross-reactivity may be suspected in women with bilateral oophorectomy demonstrating persistent low levels of beta-hCG. It is particularly true when the assay is perfo-rmed by conventional polyclonal radioimmunoassay. We have experienced two cases of nonmetastatic trophoblastic disease whose serum beta-hCG assay plateaued at a low level after total abdominal hysterectomy with bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy and chemotherapy. Clinical and radiologic work-ups were done for metastatic lesion in dose patients, but the results were negative. The quantitative LH assays (Serono LH MAIAclone kit, Roma, Italy) were performed with the sera obtained from the patients; the results were 37 and 31 mIU/ml (1st IRP) with beta-hCG of 14 and 13 mIU/ml (1st IRP), respec-tively. With the initiation of oral estrogen replacement thrapy to those patients, the quantitative beta-hCG values fell below 5 mIU/ml (1st IRP) and they remained in complete chemical remission without any additional chemotherapy for one year. The persistant low titers of beta-hCG in those patients were considered to be result of LH cross-reactivity on beta-hCG assessment. It is concluded that whenever the assay of beta-hCG shows persistent low titers in the oophorectomized patient for treatment of trophoblastic disease, LH cross-reactivity should be suspected.
Drug Therapy ; Estrogen Replacement Therapy ; Female ; Gestational Trophoblastic Disease* ; Humans ; Hysterectomy ; Molecular Structure ; Ovariectomy ; Radioimmunoassay ; Sterilization ; Trophoblasts ; Uterine Diseases

Human papillomavirus (HPV) infection is very common but with limited therapies available. Although the prophylactic vaccination will be promoted worldwide soon, it can only show its benefits decades later. For individuals who already have established infections and dysplasias, it has little efficacy. In contrast, the therapeutic vaccines bridge the temporal deficit by fighting against the established HPV infections and HPV-related diseases. HPV oncogenes may be delivered in viral and bacterial vectors, in peptides or protein, in nucleic acid form, or in cell-based vaccines. This review summarizes the clinical trials of HPV therapeutic vaccines under the way and the different preclinical research strategies that are under investigations.
Animals ; Cancer Vaccines ; therapeutic use ; Cervical Intraepithelial Neoplasia ; therapy ; virology ; Condylomata Acuminata ; therapy ; virology ; Female ; Humans ; Papillomavirus Infections ; prevention & control ; therapy ; Papillomavirus Vaccines ; therapeutic use ; Uterine Cervical Diseases ; therapy ; virology ; Uterine Cervical Neoplasms ; therapy ; virology

Primary lymphoma of uterine cervix is rare disease, which usually occurs in postmenopausal periods. The usual symptoms are vaginal bleeding, postcoital bleeding. The most common pathologic feature is a diffuse cell type, B-cell line. Pap smear is not helpful in diagnosis because it is stromal origin. Biopsy confirms the diagnosis. Treatment consists of radiation therapy and/or chemotherapy. The prognosis of the disease is dependent upon Ann arbor stage and International index score rather than FIGO stage. We experienced one case of primary lymphoma of cervix and report it with a brief review of literature.
B-Lymphocytes ; Biopsy ; Cervix Uteri* ; Diagnosis ; Drug Therapy ; Female ; Hemorrhage ; Lymphoma* ; Postmenopause ; Prognosis ; Rare Diseases ; Uterine Hemorrhage

The pathogenesis and therapeutic treatment of intrauterine adhesions (IUAs) remain unsolved, highlighting the need for stable and effective experimental animal models. In this study, uterine electrocoagulation of twenty-one female New Zealand White rabbits was carried out to establish an IUA model. As rabbits have two completely separate uterine horns, each rabbit had its own internal control: one uterine horn was given an electrothermal injury (Group A, n=21), and the contralateral uterine horn received no treatment and served as the control (Group B, n=21). The endometrial morphology, number of endometrial glands, area of endometrial fibrosis, and number of implanted fetuses were compared between the two groups. In Group A, the numbers of endometrial glands on Days 7 and 14 and the number of implanted fetuses were significantly lower than those in Group B (P<0.05, P<0.05, and P<0.01, respectively), while the ratio of the area with endometrial stromal fibrosis to the total endometrial area was significantly increased (P<0.01). These results suggest that this method of electrothermal injury is effective for the establishment of a rabbit IUA model between 7 and 14 d after surgery.
Animals ; Disease Models, Animal ; Electrocoagulation ; Endometrium ; pathology ; Female ; Pregnancy ; Rabbits ; Tissue Adhesions ; etiology ; pathology ; therapy ; Uterine Diseases ; etiology

Child, Preschool ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Female ; Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone ; therapeutic use ; Humans ; Hysteroscopy ; Pediatrics ; Puberty, Precocious ; diagnosis ; therapy ; Uterine Hemorrhage ; diagnosis ; etiology ; therapy ; Vaginal Diseases ; diagnosis ; etiology ; therapy

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the effects of levonorgestrel-releasing intrauterine system (LNG-IUS) combined with GnRH analogue (GnRH-a) in the treatment of adenomyosis with uterine body enlargement.

METHODSTwelve women (mane age 40.3 years) with adenomyosis and uterine cavity depth over 11 cm received injections of GnRH-a every 4 weeks, and after the uterine cavity depth was reduced to below 10 cm, LNG-IUS was deployed. VAS pain score, PBAC bleeding score, uterine volume, and hemoglobin levels of the women were measured before the treatment and at 6 and 12 months after LNG-IUS placement.

RESULTSThe VAS pain score was significantly lowered at 6 and 12 month after LNG-IUS placement (P<0.05), and the PBAC bleeding score also showed significant reductions (P<0.05). The uterine volume decreased significantly at 6 and 12 months after LNG-IUS placement as compared with that before the treatment, but was significantly greater at 6 month in comparison with that at the time of LNG-IUS placement (P<0.05). Serum hemoglobin levels underwent significant increments after LNG-IUS placement (P<0.05).

CONCLUSIONLNG-IUS combined with GnRH analogue injection can be effective in the treatment of adenomyosis with dysmenorrhea and hypermenorrhea.

Adult ; Delayed-Action Preparations ; administration & dosage ; Drug Therapy, Combination ; Endometriosis ; drug therapy ; Female ; Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone ; analogs & derivatives ; therapeutic use ; Humans ; Levonorgestrel ; administration & dosage ; Uterine Diseases ; drug therapy

OBJECTIVETo investigate the efficacy and safety of photodynamic therapy (PDT) with topical 5-aminolaevulinic acid (ALA) on cervical condylomata acuminata.

METHODSPatients with cervical condylomata (n=30) were allocated into primary and recurrent group, and were given topical ALA under occlusive dressing for 3 hours followed by irradiation with semiconductor laser at a dose of 100 Jcm(-2) and a power of 100 mW. The treatment was repeated 7 days later if the lesion was not completely removed after the first treatment. Complete response rate and recurrence rate of wart lesions as well as rate of adverse reaction were analyzed.

RESULTSThe total complete response rate of PDT was 100% and the total recurrence rate was 5% after 3 months of follow-up. Recurrence rate of recurrent group was significantly lower than that of prior managements (100%, P<0.01). The side effects of PDT in patients mainly included mild burning and/or stinging restricted to the illuminated areas, and was significant lower than their own control (25% vs. 100%, P<0.05).

CONCLUSIONCompared with conventional therapies, topical application of ALA-PDT is a simple, effective, safe, well-tolerated, and low recurrence rate treatment for cervical condylomata acuminata.

Adult ; Aminolevulinic Acid ; therapeutic use ; Condylomata Acuminata ; drug therapy ; Female ; Humans ; Middle Aged ; Photochemotherapy ; adverse effects ; Photosensitizing Agents ; therapeutic use ; Recurrence ; Uterine Cervical Diseases ; drug therapy ; Young Adult

Multiple primary tumors are defined as cases involving primary malignant tumors of different histologic origins in one person. The absolute number of reported cases of double primary malignant tumors has increased in recent years diagnostic procedures. Primary adenocarcinoma of duodenum is a rare disease and represents less than 0.5% of all gastrointestinal malignancies. Therefore, synchronous multiple primary cancers of the stomach and duodenum are very rare. Recently, we experienced a case of triple primary malignant tumors of different site originating from the stomach, duodenum and cervix in 71- year-old woman. She had had radiation therapy and chemotherapy for squamous cell carcinoma of the uterine cervix 8 years previously. We performed subtotal gastrectomy and pancreaticoduodenectomy with radical lymph node dissection. She remained healthy without any evidence of recurrence 12 months after the operation.
Adenocarcinoma ; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell ; Cervix Uteri ; Drug Therapy ; Duodenal Neoplasms* ; Duodenum ; Female ; Gastrectomy ; Humans ; Lymph Node Excision ; Pancreaticoduodenectomy ; Rare Diseases ; Recurrence ; Stomach ; Stomach Neoplasms* ; Uterine Cervical Neoplasms*