The term endometriosis refers to ectopic endometriume. It most often involves the pelvic organs, including ovaries, broad and round ligaments, fallopian tubes, cervix, vagina and the pouch of Douglas. We report a case of vesical endometriosis in a 4- year old female patient and review literature. Segmental resection of this mass with involved bladder resulted in cure and this lesion was confirmed histologically as endometriosis of the bladder.
Cervix Uteri ; Endometriosis* ; Endometrium ; Fallopian Tubes ; Female ; Humans ; Ovary ; Round Ligament of Uterus ; Urinary Bladder ; Vagina

FSH is the pivotal hormone in the regulation of ovarian function and acts by binding to specific receptor, FSH receptor (FSHR), which is belong to the family of G-protein coupled receptor. It have been considered that ovary is the only target organ of FSH because FSHR mRNA was first detected in ovarian follicles. However expression of FSHR mRNA was also detected on fallopian tube in experimental animal study and it is related wih tumorigenesis in postmenopausal women.In this study, in order to understand the FSH function in female genital organs, the ontogeny of the production profile of FSHR and the pattern of its localization in female genital organs were studied. We obtained the fresh tissues of ovary, fallopian tube, uterine body and uterine cervix with blood samples during proliferative phase in women with regular menstrual cycle. To establish FSHR mRNA expression of human internal genital organ, we studied by using in situ hybridization and quantitative competitive reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (QC RT-PCR). To localize FSHR transcripts by in situ hybridization, we synthesized digoxigenin-labelled ssRNA probe (about 800 bp) from the cloned FSHR cDNA. For QC RT-PCR, we designed oligonucleotide primers (antisense: 5'-GGCCCTGCTCCTGGTCTCTTTG-3', sense: 3'-AACAGCGGGAGTACCTTCGG-5') which produced 799 bp sized PCR products. Simultaneously we synthesized 149 bp deleted DNA competitor by site-directed mutagenesis to quantify target FSHR mRNA expression comparing as internal control.In situ hybridization with digoxigenin-labelled ssRNA probe showed no signal above the background in primordial follicles. FSHR mRNA was first detected in the single layer of cuboidal granulosa cells surrounding primary follicles. As follicular growth progressed, FSHR mRNA expression increased gradually in antral and graafian follicles. Similary, in fallopian tube, the epithelium stained intensly. But FSHR mRNA expression was absent in uterine body including endometrium and myometrium and uterine cervix. Total RNA was extracted and quantitated by QC RT-PCR. The amounts of FSHR transcript measured were 840.00+/-516.29 in the ovarian tissue, 240.00+/-154.91 in the fallopian tube, 6.06+/-4.13 in the uterine body, 5.48+/-5.00 fg in the uterine cervix. These experiments demonstrated that FSHR mRNA is expressed in the ovary and fallopian tube, albeit only small amount was expressed in uterine body and cervix.In conclusion, the presence of FSHR mRNA in female internal genital organ with site specific pattern suggested that FSH may have some role in female genital organs during the adult reproductive cycle and may act as an factor in the tumorigenesis. Further study about the functional role and tumorigenesis of FSH should be performed in human internal genital organ.
Adult ; Animals ; Carcinogenesis ; Cervix Uteri ; Clone Cells ; DNA ; DNA Primers ; DNA, Complementary ; Endometrium ; Epithelium ; Fallopian Tubes ; Female ; Female* ; Genitalia ; Genitalia, Female* ; Granulosa Cells ; GTP-Binding Proteins ; Humans ; In Situ Hybridization ; Menstrual Cycle ; Mice ; Mutagenesis, Site-Directed ; Myometrium ; Ovarian Follicle ; Ovary ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Receptors, FSH ; Reverse Transcription ; RNA ; RNA, Messenger*

Choriocarcinoma developed in genital organ mainly. In male, choriocarcinoma developed rarely in testis but stremely rare in extragenital organ. Choriocarcinoma of the bladder was reported about 10 cases in the literature. Histogenesis of choriocarcinoma in bladder was trophoblastic differentiation from the totipotential germ cells. But Civantos et al. postulated that choriocarcinoma developed dedifferentiation from the undifferentiated carcinoma. Herein, we reported a case of choriocarcinoma with transitional cell carcinoma in the bladder.
Carcinoma ; Carcinoma, Transitional Cell ; Choriocarcinoma* ; Female ; Genitalia ; Germ Cells ; Humans ; Male ; Pregnancy ; Testis ; Trophoblasts ; Urinary Bladder*

Two American Cocker Spaniels and one Bichon Frise were presented to our veterinary teaching hospital with an enlarged clitoris. Diagnostic imaging showed that the structure was composed of bony material. Exploratory laparotomy revealed uterine-like structures and testes which had an epididymis unilaterally. Surgical removal of internal genitalia, gonads and protruded clitoris were performed well. Histological evaluation revealed; inactive testes, female internal genital tracts with ambisexual ductal remnants, and prominent ossification in the clitoris. All 3 cases were diagnosed with male pseudohermaphroditism. In author's knowledge, this is the first report in Bichon Frise dog with os clitoris and also, it describes not common cases in small dog breeds with os clitoris.
46, XY Disorders of Sex Development ; Animals ; Clitoris ; Diagnostic Imaging ; Dogs ; Epididymis ; Female ; Genitalia ; Gonads ; Hospitals, Teaching ; Humans ; Laparotomy ; Male ; Testis

Ninety-one cases of genitourinary tract injuries which were admitted to Severance Hospital during the period from Jan. 1960 to Aug. 1968 were analyzed clinically and statistically. And it was investigated compared with previous papers 1) The rate of genitourinary injuries accounted for 7.3 per cent to the total admission patients during eight years sixty-nine per cent of all injuries were in men and thirty-one per cent in women. The age distribution was much the same as that found in previous literature. Most favorable age was in from 20 to50 years for 72.5 percent 2) The meet common involvement site was in urethra for32.9 per cent while external genitalia showing most common site in war wound Also iatrogenic ureteral injuries was relatively high in spite of most less commonest incidence in previous paper 3) Thirty-six per cent of all injuries weredue to traffic or vehicular accident and twenty-four per cent 'due to iatrogenic. Majority of these iatrogenic injuries occurred in pelvic operation. Falls kick and blow were listed not less frequently. 4) On observation of kidney injuries. predisposed hydronephrotic kidney was injured more frequently due to mild external forces and three cases of sixteen kidney injuries had hydronephrosis dueto stone and congenital ureteral stricture in this series 5) An incidence of ureteral injury during radical hysterectomy was variable in literature. but it was noted around 10 percent generally. In reviewing 197 cases of radical hysterectomy for carcinoma of cervix, incidence of ureteral injuries was 12 cases(7.3 per cent) and it was listed 9.3 percent including bladder injuries. 6) In investigating bladder injuries, 53 percent of injuries were associated with pelvic bone fracture And 87 per cent was extraperitoneal type and 13 per cent wasin intraperitoneal rupture. 7) Also majority of urethral injuries were associatedwith pelvic bone fracture especially in car accident cases and then involved posterior urethra for 85 per cent. And bulbous urethra was injured by straddle injury for 70 per cent.
Age Distribution ; Cervix Uteri ; Constriction, Pathologic ; Female ; Genitalia ; Humans ; Hydronephrosis ; Hysterectomy ; Incidence ; Kidney ; Male ; Pelvic Bones ; Rupture ; Ureter ; Urethra ; Urinary Bladder ; Wounds and Injuries

Malacoplakia is a chronic inflammatory disease. The disease mainly affects the urinary bladder, although involvement of extravesical sites is increasingly being documented. Most frequently involved is the urinary tract, particularly the urinary bladder, although the testis, epididymis, lungs, bone, colon, prostate, female genital organs, and retroperitoneum can also be involved. Here we report the case of a 61-year-old man with a scrotal mass with histology that was specific for malacoplakia of the epididymis. The histologic workup demonstrated extensive involvement of the epididymis by diffuse infiltrates of large histiocytes with eosinophilic granular cytoplasm and numerous Michaelis-Gutmann bodies, which were diagnostic of malakoplakia. This is the first case of epididymal malacoplakia in our country and the first case of epididymal malacoplakia without concurrent involvement of the testis. There have been few reports of this condition worldwide.
Colon ; Cytoplasm ; Eosinophils ; Epididymis ; Female ; Genitalia, Female ; Histiocytes ; Lung ; Malacoplakia ; Male ; Prostate ; Testis ; Urinary Bladder ; Urinary Tract

True hermaphroditism is a condition in which both an ovary and a testis or a gonad with histological features of both (ovotestis) is present in same individual. We present a case of 16-year-old true hermaphroditism who had an ovotestis on both gonad and female internal organs, such as fimbria. fallopian tube, uterus in the left scrotum after bilateral scrotal exploration. The patient's sex was reassigned to the male according to sex of rearing and gender role and managed with removal of ovotestis and female internal organs, bilateral subcutaneous mastectomy.
Adolescent ; Fallopian Tubes ; Female* ; Gender Identity ; Genitalia* ; Gonads ; Humans ; Male ; Mastectomy, Subcutaneous ; Ovary ; Ovotesticular Disorders of Sex Development* ; Scrotum* ; Testis ; Uterus

PURPOSE: To evaluate the relibility of transrectal ultrasonography (TRUS) to define adult female genital organ and to diagnose and stage the cervical carcinomas. METHODS AND MATERIALS: After analysis of normal ultrasonographic anatomy of female pelvis in ten healthy women, I performed TRUS in thirty patients of uterine cervical carcinomas by rotating the 5 MHz electronic linear array transducer(SL2, Siemens, Erlangen, Germany) along the reference sagittal plane in the middle of uterine cervix & vagina. The results of TRUS were analyzed and compared to FIGO, surgical pathology, CT and MRT, ect. RESULTS: TRUS allowed good visualization of the uterus, uterine cervix, parametrium, vagina, anterior rectal wall, walls of the urinary bladder, and uterine cervical carcinomas. The accuracy of staging with TRUS was 83%, compared with the accuracy of 67% for clinical staging according to the criteria of the International Federation of Gynecotogy and Obstetrics(FIGO). For extent of parametrial involvement, the sensitivity of TRUS was 93%, with the specificity of 86% and the diagnostic accuracy of 89%. The same reliability parameters for clinical evaluation were 71%, 79%, and 75% respectively. CONCLUSION: Above findings suggest that low-cost TRUS could be usefully applied to pretreatment evaluation of patients with uterine cervical carcinoma.
Adult ; Cervix Uteri ; Diagnosis* ; Female ; Genitalia ; Humans ; Pathology, Surgical ; Pelvis ; Sensitivity and Specificity ; Ultrasonography* ; Urinary Bladder ; Uterus ; Vagina

Malacoplakia is a rare granulomatous inflammatory disease that most frequently involves the urinary tract, particularly the urinary bladder and may involve the testis, epididymis, lung, bone, colon, prostate, female genital organs, and the retroperitoneum, etc. A malacoplakia of the prostate is a very rare disease that is associated with a chronic urinary tract infection. It is often misinterpreted as granulomatous prostatitis, and may clinically mimic prostate cancer. The major cellular component of malacoplakia is the macrophage and the diagnostic hallmark is a characteristic inclusion, the Michaelis-Gutmann body. We recently experienced a case of malakoplakia of the prostate in a 74-year-old man, that was found incidentally in a TRUS-guided biopsy to confirm a suspected prostate cancer.
Aged ; Biopsy ; Colon ; Epididymis ; Female ; Genitalia, Female ; Humans ; Lung ; Macrophages ; Malacoplakia* ; Male ; Prostate* ; Prostatic Neoplasms ; Prostatitis ; Rare Diseases ; Testis ; Urinary Bladder ; Urinary Tract ; Urinary Tract Infections

Uterine leiomyomas are the most common benign uterine tumor. They may be subserosal, intramural, or submucosal in location within the uterus or located in the cervix, in the broad ligament, or on a pedicle. But leiomyoma of the round ligament of the uterus is a rare condition occurring predominantly in premenopausal middle-age women, which is usually single and unilateral. In 50% of patients, they are associated with similar lesion of the uterus. Recently we have experienced a case of large cystic myxoid leiomyoma of the round ligament of the uterus misdiagnosed as an ovarian tumor in 32 year-old multiparous woman. We report this case with a brief review of literatures.
Adult ; Broad Ligament ; Cervix Uteri ; Female ; Humans ; Leiomyoma* ; Round Ligament of Uterus* ; Uterus