PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of functional magnetic stimulation (FMS) therapy on the lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTSs) and sexual function in female patients with stress urinary incontinence (SUI). MATERIALS AND METHODS: 39 sexually active women, with SUI treated by FMS therapy, were studied. Before treatment, female bladder questionnaires and a visual analog scale test (VAT) were used to acquire information relating to LUTS. Questions were asked about sexual function using the female sexual function index (FSFI). Treatments were performed for 20 minutes, twice a week, for 6 weeks. After treatment, the same questionnaires were repeated at 3, 6 and 12 months. The patients were divided into two groups: those with cured or improved SUI symptoms were defined as the success group, with the remainder defined as the failure group. The VAT scores of LUTSs, the domain scores and full scale scores of FSFI were analyzed. RESULTS: The success and failure groups comprised of 25 (64%) and 14 (36%) patients, respectively. In both groups, the frequency, urge incontinence and dysuria were improved. The VAT score for the overall satisfaction was significantly decreased in the success group only (p<0.05). In the success group, the domain score for 'satisfaction' in the FSFI was significantly increased (p<0.05). The full scale scores of the FSFI were significantly increased in the success group only (p<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: These results show that FMS therapy improves some LUTSs and sexual functions, with the correction of SUI symptom. Therefore, FMS therapy could be considered as a primary therapy in SUI women with LUTSs and sexual impairment.
Dysuria ; Female* ; Humans ; Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms* ; Magnetic Field Therapy* ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Sexual Dysfunctions, Psychological ; Urinary Bladder ; Urinary Incontinence* ; Urinary Incontinence, Stress ; Urinary Incontinence, Urge ; Urination Disorders ; Visual Analog Scale

PURPOSE: Voiding dysfunction is known to affect on the result of treatment for vesicoureteral reflux(VUR) in children. The aim of this study is to find out specific urodynamic abnormality in the children with VUR and voiding dysfunction. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We evaluated 16 children having VUR with voiding dysfunction symptoms. Voiding symptoms were frequency, urgency, urge incontinence, nocturnal enuresis and voiding postponement. An awake video-urodynamic study(video-UDS) was performed without anesthesia. RESULTS: Urodynamic abnormalities were found in 11 children(69%). The most common urodynamic abnormality was uninhibited detrusor contraction(10 cases, 63%), and 8 of these patients had urgency and/or urge incontinence. Other urodynamic abnormalities were small maximum cystometric capacity(5 cases, 31%), and detrusor sphincter dyssynergia(DSD)(3 cases, 19%). All the children with DSD had voiding postponement. VUR was found in 8 children(50%) during video-UDS. Among the urodynamic parameters small cystometric bladder capacity was found to be a most significant factor in predicting low Pressure VUR(sensitivity 100%, specificity 100%, p=0.018). CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest that abnormal detrusor activity is more frequent than abnormal coordination between detrusor and external sphincter activity in the children with VUR and voiding dysfunction symptoms. And small maximum cystometric capacity seems to be a significant urodynamic parameter for perpetuating VUR in these children.
Anesthesia ; Child* ; Humans ; Nocturnal Enuresis ; Sensitivity and Specificity ; Urinary Bladder ; Urinary Incontinence, Urge ; Urodynamics ; Vesico-Ureteral Reflux*

PURPOSE: Urinary incontinence is one of the major urinary symptoms in children and adolescents and can lead to major distress for the affected children and their parents. In accordance with the definitions of the Standardization Committee of the International Children's Continence Society, daytime urinary incontinence (DUI) is uncontrollable leakage of urine during the day. The aim of this cross-sectional study was to investigate the prevalence and associated risk factors of DUI in Turkish primary school children. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The questionnaire, which covered sociodemographic variables and the voiding habits of the children, was completed by the parents of 2,353 children who were attending primary school in Denizli, a developing city of Turkey. The children's voiding habits were evaluated by use of the Dysfunctional Voiding and Incontinence Symptoms Score, which is a validated questionnaire. Children with a history of neurological or urological diseases were excluded. RESULTS: The participation rate was 91.9% (2,164 people). The overall prevalence of DUI was 8.0%. The incidence of DUI tended to decrease with increasing age and was not significantly different between genders (boys, 8.8%; girls, 7.3%; p=0.062). Age, maternal education level, family history of daytime wetting, settlement (urban/rural), history of constipation, urinary tract infection, and urgency were independent risk factors of DUI. CONCLUSIONS: Our findings showed that DUI is a common health problem in primary school children. In an effort to increase awareness of children's voiding problems and the risk factors for urinary dysfunction in the population, educational programs and larger school-based screening should be carried out, especially in regions with low socioeconomic status.
Adolescent ; Child* ; Constipation ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Diurnal Enuresis* ; Education ; Female ; Humans ; Incidence ; Mass Screening ; Maternal Age ; Parents ; Prevalence* ; Questionnaires ; Risk Factors* ; Social Class ; Turkey* ; Urinary Incontinence ; Urinary Tract Infections ; Urination Disorders ; Urologic Diseases

PURPOSE: The prevalence of hyperactive-type lower urinary tract symptoms is 45.2%, with shares of overactive bladder (OAB) and urge incontinence (UI) symptoms of 10.7% and 8.2%, respectively. We investigated the possible impact of a wide range of social, economic, and medical factors on compliance with solifenacin treatment in the working population. METHODS: Social, economic, and medical factors as well as the Overactive Bladder questionnaire – the OAB-q Short Form (OAB-q SF), bladder diaries, and uroflowmetry of 1,038 people who were administered solifenacin for a year were gathered from employer documentation. RESULTS: Among the subjects, 32% maintained their compliance with solifenacin treatment throughout the year. Only 65% of the patients had compliance exceeding 80%, and 17% of patients had compliance of ≥50%, yet less than 80% were still taking solifenacin 12 months after the beginning of this experiment. Working people whose compliance level was, at least, 80% had reliably higher (P≤0.01) average age, annual salary, and treatment efficacy, and a greater treatment satisfaction level, as well as a lack of satisfaction with other antimuscarinic treatments and higher rate of urge UI diagnosis. The same cohort also featured a lower level (P≤0.01) of caffeine abuse and lower share of salary spent purchasing solifenacin. CONCLUSIONS: This study has shown that compliance with solifenacin treatment is associated with a number of significant medical, social, and economic factors. The medical factors included the type of urination disorder, severity of incontinence symptoms, presence of side effects, treatment efficacy and patients’ satisfaction with it, and experience using other antimuscarinic treatments. Among the social and economic factors, those with the strongest correlation to compliance were patient age, employment in medicine and education, annual income level, percentage of solifenacin purchase expenditures, and caffeine abuse. Factors with a weaker, but still significant, association were gender, employment in the transportation industry, and monthly income level.
Caffeine ; Cohort Studies ; Compliance* ; Diagnosis ; Education ; Employment ; Health Expenditures ; Humans ; Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms* ; Muscarinic Antagonists ; Prevalence ; Salaries and Fringe Benefits ; Solifenacin Succinate* ; Transportation ; Treatment Outcome ; Urinary Bladder ; Urinary Bladder, Overactive ; Urinary Incontinence, Urge ; Urination Disorders

PURPOSE: Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) has been associated with impairments in frontal inhibitory function and the catecholaminergic system. ADHD is diagnosed in 3-5% of children. Children with ADHD seem develop various forms of urinary problems such as nocturnal enuresis, dysfunctional voiding, and diurnal incontinence. However, no data exist to confirm the presence of these problems in Korean children with ADHD. We investigated the clinical findings of voiding dysfunction in children with ADHD. METHODS: Between October 2009 and March 2011, a total of 63 children (33 with ADHD, 30 with an upper respiratory infection, as a control group) were enrolled. ADHD was diagnosed using the diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (DSM)-IV criteria. A comprehensive survey of voiding and defecation was administered. RESULTS: The patient group included 28 boys and 5 girls; the control group comprised 20 boys and 10 girls. The mean age was 9.09+/-2.8 years in the ADHD group and 8.58+/-3.1 years in the control group. Children with ADHD had a statistically significantly higher incidence of urgency (P=0.017), urge incontinence (P=0.033), and constipation (P=0.045). There was no significant difference in the incidence of straining, intermittency, holding maneuvers, or nocturnal enuresis. CONCLUSION: Children with ADHD in Korea have significantly higher rates of urgency, urge incontinence, and constipation than those without ADHD.
Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity* ; Child* ; Constipation* ; Defecation ; Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders ; Female ; Humans ; Incidence ; Korea ; Nocturnal Enuresis ; Prevalence* ; Urinary Incontinence, Urge

We presented a case of a 46-year-old man who attended the emergency department with right flank pain. Abdominal computed tomography showed dilated renal pelvis, ureter and distended bladder. Fluid collection was seen in retroperitoneal space and pelvic cavity. He had renal insufficiency. When a urethral catheter was inserted, 1,200 mL urine was drained. He was diagnosed with schizophrenia more than 20 years prior, and had been taking anti-psychotics. He had been living in a sanatorium. He had nocturnal enuresis and had worn an incontinence pad nightly for the last 10 years. His fluid consumption was 10 L/day. After placement of an indwelling urethral catheter for relieving voiding problems and restriction of fluid intake, fluid collection in retroperitoneal spaces and pelvic cavity was removed and renal insufficiency was recovered. After training of self-clean intermittent catheterization, he was discharged.
Catheterization ; Catheters ; Emergency Service, Hospital ; Flank Pain ; Humans ; Incontinence Pads ; Kidney Pelvis ; Middle Aged ; Nocturnal Enuresis ; Polydipsia ; Polyuria ; Renal Insufficiency ; Retroperitoneal Space ; Schizophrenia* ; Ureter ; Urinary Bladder ; Urinary Catheters ; Urinary Retention*

The complications of transobturator tape (TOT) were known as lower urinary tract injury, postoperative urinary retention, urge incontinence, vaginal erosion, and etc. A 63-year-old woman presented with new onset of severe pain, heating, and swelling of the left thigh and perineum. She had undergone TOT implantation for stress urinary incontinence (SUI) 4 days previously in an outside clinic. Painful left thigh swelling and skin erythema were noted on the physical examination. A computed tomography (CT) scan showed multiple, large left medial thigh and obturator abscesses. Removal of the implanted tape and abscess drainage were performed immediately and two additional operations were needed for proper abscess drainage. We believe this case to be one of the most serious complications to occur since the introduction of the TOT procedure. Here we report this case and discuss its initial management along with a review of the literature.
Abscess ; Drainage ; Erythema ; Female ; Heating ; Hot Temperature ; Humans ; Middle Aged ; Muscles ; Myositis ; Perineum ; Physical Examination ; Skin ; Suburethral Slings ; Thigh ; Urinary Incontinence ; Urinary Incontinence, Stress ; Urinary Incontinence, Urge ; Urinary Retention ; Urinary Tract

PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to evaluate the results of performing the suprapubic arc (SPARC) procedure during 14 months at our hospital for treating female stress urinary incontinence. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Between October 2002 and December 2003, 114 consecutive women who suffered with stress urinary incontinence underwent the SPARC procedure. All the patients were followed up for at least 1 year. The patients were preoperatively evaluated via taking their medical history, physical examinations, and conducting urinalysis and voiding cystourethrography and urodynamic studies, including determining the Valsalva leak point pressure (VLPP). Evaluations were conducted by questionnaires and interviews for determining the surgical outcome and the patients' satisfaction. RESULTS: The mean age was 48.6 years (30-70), the mean follow-up period was 16.4 months (12-25), the mean hospital stay was 3.8 days (2-10) and the mean operation time was 38.7 minutes. For 114 patients, 92 (80.7%) were cured and 17 (14.9%) were significantly improved. 99 patients (86.8%) were satisfied with the SPARC procedure, and 95 patients (83.3%) would like to recommend the SPARC procedure to others. Intraoperative complications included 9 (7.9%) bladder perforations and 1 (0.9%) urethral injury. Postoperative complications showed 14 cases (12.3%) of urinary retention, 2 cases (1.8%) of vaginal wound infections and 1 case (0.9%) of vaginal erosion due to tape. De novo urge incontinence was noted in 3 patients (2.6%). CONCLUSIONS: Favorable results were obtained from the SPARC procedure. This procedure is an effective and safe technique for the treatment of female stress urinary incontinence in terms of the low morbidity and the high success rate.
Female* ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Intraoperative Complications ; Length of Stay ; Physical Examination ; Postoperative Complications ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Treatment Outcome ; Urinalysis ; Urinary Bladder ; Urinary Incontinence* ; Urinary Incontinence, Stress ; Urinary Incontinence, Urge ; Urinary Retention ; Urodynamics ; Wound Infection

PURPOSE: The aim of this study, to investigate whether there is any association between enuresis in childhood and nocturnal polyuria syndrome (NPS) in adult life. METHODS: The study consisted of thirty five patients with nocturnal polyuria, and thirty five healthy people without nocturnal polyuria in adult life, were asked to assess their enuresis in childhood. RESULTS: There was a history of enuresis in childhood in 18 (51.42%) of 35 of men with nocturnal polyuria and in 4 (11.42%) of 35 without nocturnal polyuria. Enuresis in childhood was significantly more common in men with nocturnal polyuria than without nocturnal polyuria. The difference was significant (P<0.0001). The prevalence of enuresis in the nocturnal polyuria (51.42%) was more than two-fold higher than reported prevalence in general populations. CONCLUSIONS: The results of this study suggest that the history of enuresis in childhood seems to increase the risk of having NPS in adult life. This relationship should be taken into account in the evaluation of men with complaints from NPS in adult life and the possible common pathophysiology should be considered in the treatment planning.
Adult ; Child ; Enuresis ; Humans ; Male ; Nocturnal Enuresis ; Polyuria ; Prevalence

PURPOSE: The factors affecting the success and quality of life following a tension-free vaginal tape(TVT) procedure were investigated in patients with stress urinary incontinence. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We included 79 women with stress urinary incontinence that underwent the TVT procedure and were followed for at least 3 years. Preoperatively, the patients were evaluated by history, physical examination, a 1-hour pad test, and videourodynamics to determine the abdominal leak point pressure(ALPP). In addition, pre- and postoperative quality of life was evaluated by the incontinence quality of life questionnaire(I-QoL). We analyzed factors including patient characteristics, history, 1-hour pad test and ALPP with respect to the success and quality of life after the TVT. A success after the TVT was defined as the absence of any subjective complaint of leakage. RESULTS: The overall 3-year success rate of the TVT was 90%. There was a statistically significant increase in the I-QoL scores postoperatively. There were no significant preoperative factors affecting the success rate and the postoperative I-QoL scores. However, when the postoperative I-QoL scores were compared with the preoperative scores, the increase in the I-QoL scores was significantly higher in the patients with urge incontinence, low ALPP and high-grade incontinence. CONCLUSIONS: The results of this study suggest that the TVT procedure is effective for treating female stress incontinence and improving the quality of life without any independent risk factors. However, for improving the quality of life, the TVT was more effective in women with stress urinary incontinence with urge incontinence, low ALPP and high-grade symptoms.
Female ; Humans ; Physical Examination ; Quality of Life* ; Risk Factors ; Suburethral Slings* ; Surgical Mesh ; Urinary Incontinence* ; Urinary Incontinence, Stress ; Urinary Incontinence, Urge