No abstract available.
Uric Acid

No abstract available.
Nephrolithiasis* ; Uric Acid*

BACKGROUND: There have been many reports about the decrease in uric acid concentration in refrigerated urine specimens as compared to fresh urine. In an effort to correct this problem, pre-treatment steps such as the pre-alkalinization of sample tubes or the pre-dilution of urine were recommended before the refrigeration. The authors sought to find a way to correct the decreased measurement of uric acid concentrations in the refrigerated urine samples. METHODS: The uric acid concentrations of 53 fresh urine samples were measured and all were refrigerated. After 24 hours of refrigeration, the samples were measured for their uric acid concentrations (the refrigerated samples). All samples were then mixed well with 1 M NaOH 20 microL/mL (the refrigerated-alkalinized samples) and they were again measured for their uric acid concentrations. The differences of uric acid concentrations between the fresh urine samples and the refrigerated samples and also between the fresh urine samples and the refrigerated-alkalinized samples were noted. RESULTS: In a precipitated group of 14 urine samples, the compared results between the fresh urine and the refrigerated urine showed a statistically significant difference (P<0.05). However, there were no significant differences between the fresh urine and the refrigerated-alkalinized urine (P=0.49). In a non-precipitated group, there were no significant differences between the fresh urine and the refrigerated urine, or between the fresh urine and the refrigerated-alkalinized urine (P=0.47, P=0.18). CONCLUSIONS: For 24 hour refrigerated urine samples, the addition of 1 M NaOH 20 microL/mL to the urine samples after refrigeration was recommended for accurate measurement of uric acid concentration.
Refrigeration ; Uric Acid*

The study aimed to investigate the changes in blood uric acid level. Participants were 61 patients with chronic granulocytic leukemia who were treated at the Central Institute of Hematology and Blood Transfusion between 9/1999 and 12/2000. Main findings: Blood uric acid level has increased in a significant percentage of patients: 35.9% of males and 36.4% of females have blood uric acid level of 529 and 423Mmol/l, respectively. Mean level of blood uric acid for whole group was 356 +/- 132Mmol/l for males and 281+/-129 Mmol/l for females. Blood uric acid level was not changed consistently with white blood cell count. However, there was a tendency of having higher blood uric acid level in the patients with higher WBC count. The symptoms of secondary gout were not observed in patients of this study
Leukemia ; Uric Acid ; blood

No abstract available.
Aging* ; Uric Acid*

No abstract available.
Pregnancy* ; Uric Acid*

Congenital ureteropelvic junction obstruction is not an uncommon disorder with resultant hydronephrosis. With urinary stasis and infection, stone formation sometimes occurs. We recently experienced a case of congenital ureteropelvic junction obstruction with multiple (more than 500) stones. The stones are composed of uric acid, calcium, phosphate and oxalate. Herein we report this case with brief review of the literatures.
Calcium ; Hydronephrosis ; Uric Acid

Background: One of the causes of inflammatory arthritis is excessive production of uric acid or hyperuricemia. It is a painful disease that is treated with a commercial xanthine oxidase inhibitor to decrease uric acid synthesis. However, the treatment is associated with adverse side effects and thus, there is interest in medicinal plants that could have similar therapeutic effects with minimal side effects. There are many reported indigenous plants and trees in the Philippines that are reported to have therapeutic and bioactive compounds. One such plant is Canarium ovatum or locally called pili. This study aimed to determine the antihyperuricemic activity of the ethanolic extract of the leaves of C. ovatum. Objective: Determine the antihyperuricemic activity of the crude ethanolic extract of C. ovatum leaves and its partially purified fractions through inhibition of xanthine oxidase and its effect on the blood uric acid level of oxonate-induced hyperuricemic mice. Methodology: The crude ethanol extract from C. ovatum leaves and its partially purified fractions obtained through column chromatography were tested for their in vitro xanthine oxidase (XO) inhibitory activity by measuring spectrophotometrically the uric acid formation from xanthine as the substrate. The crude ethanol extract and the fraction with the most XO inhibitory activity were then tested for their in vivo XO inhibitory activity in oxonate-induced hyperuricemic mice by measuring their blood uric acid levels using uric acid test strips. Results: The crude ethanolic extract of C. ovatum leaves at 100ppm showed 83.62±2.05% in vitro inhibition of XO while the most active fraction showed 80.30±4.00% inhibition. Both were comparable (p>0.05) to the positive control, allopurinol, which showed 91.47±5.64% inhibition. In vivo, the crude extract and the fraction that showed the highest XO inhibitory activity at 200 mg/kg significantly (p<0.01 and p<0.05) respectively reduced the serum uric acid levels of the hyperuricemic mice one hour after induction as compared to the negative control. Moreover, their antihyperuricemic activity were not statistically significant as compared to that of allopurinol (p<0.0001). Conclusion The crude ethanolic extract of C. ovatum leaves and its most active fraction showed statistically significant in vitro xanthine oxidase inhibition and in vivo antihyperuricemic activity. The activities shown by both crude and active fraction were not statistically different from that determined for allopurinol. Therefore, further studies can be conducted to isolate the most active compound and study its pharmacokinetic properties.
Xanthine Oxidase ; Uric Acid ; Allopurinol

The occurrence of hyperuricemia is frequently associated with diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA), however, crystalluria from the precipitation of calcium oxalate, uric acid, or urate crystals, is less known. Metabolic derangements during DKA, especially acidic urinary pH and hyperuricosuria are the main risk factors for uric acid crystals and stones. Here we report a case of uric acid crystalluria following the recovery phase of DKA.
Crystalluria ; Uric Acid ; Diabetic Ketoacidosis

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to assess the relative urate-lowering efficacy and safety of febuxostat and allopurinol in hyperuricemic patients with or without gout. METHODS: Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) examining the efficacy and safety of febuxostat compared to allopurinol or placebo in hyperuricemic patients with/without gout were included in this Bayesian network meta-analysis. RESULTS: Eight RCTs including 4,099 patients met the inclusion criteria. The number of subjects achieving a serum urate (sUA) level <6.0 mg/dL was significantly higher in the febuxostat 120 mg and 80 mg groups than in the allopurinol (100 to 300 mg) group (odds ratio [OR] 7.17, 95% credible interval [CrI] 3.86 to 14.09; OR 3.49, 95% CrI 1.97 to 5.91, respectively). However, achievement of the target sUA level was comparable between febuxostat 40 mg and allopurinol. Ranking probability based on surface under the cumulative ranking curve (SUCRA) indicated that febuxostat 120 mg had the highest probability of being the best treatment for achieving the target sUA (SUCRA=0.9973), followed by febuxostat 80 mg (SUCRA=0.752), febuxostat 40 mg (SUCRA=0.4289), allopurinol (SUCRA=0.3217), and placebo (SUCRA=0). In contrast, no significant difference in safety based on the number of withdrawals due to adverse events was observed among the 5 interventions. CONCLUSION: Febuxostat 80 mg and 120 mg were more efficacious than allopurinol (100 to 300 mg), and febuxostat 40 mg and allopurinol were comparable in urate-lowering efficacy. The safety of febuxostat at all doses was comparable with that of allopurinol.
Allopurinol* ; Gout ; Humans ; Hyperuricemia* ; Uric Acid ; Febuxostat