Introduction: Carum carvi L.s I. is a biennial herbaceous plant of the genus Carum (Umbelliferae/ Apiaceae). Carum carvi seeds are medicinal raw material. Today Carum carvi is widely used in folk medicine and sometimes is used in official medicine of different countries [1]. Widespread use of fruits of Carum carvi has increased the number of manufacturers. Unfortunately, at the same time the number of cases of the poor quality of raw materials was increased. The aim of this work is to make the Pharmacognostic analysis of fruits Carum carvi and to find out the quality of essential oil extracted from the fruits of Carum carvi. To achieve this goal we should make the following tasks: 1) to make Pharmacognostic analysis; 2) according to the State Pharmacopoeia of the USSR. Ed 11 (part 2) to make quantitative assay of the sum of essential oils in the fruits; 3) to do phytochemical analysis; 4) to determine the quality of essential oil in the fruits of Carum carvi.A plant material of our research is fruits of Carum carvi production of CJSC “Ivan tea”.During the work we found out the concordance of “general appearance”. It is the presence of two mericarps, five longitudinal ribs, matching the size of the seed and the organoleptic characteristics which are described in pharmacopeial monograph on the fruits of Carum carvi [2]. We also identified the main anatomical diagnostic features which are essential-oil tubules located between ribs; thickened walls of the endosperm. We identified moisture - 6% (should be not more than 12%); damaged, immature fruits of Carum carvi and other parts of the plant – 0,4% (not more than 2%), organic impurities – 0,1% (not more than 2%), mineral impurities - 0,1% (up 0.5%). We also made a sieve analysis [2], in which we have identified the number of particles that have not passed through the sieve of 1 mm diameter (0.77%). Total ash content in the fruits of Carum carvi was 5% and 10% hydrochloric acid-insoluble ash 0,8%. We found out that the quantitative content of essential oil in fruits of Carum carvi calculated on dry substance was 2% (should be not less than 2%). Also phytochemical analysis was carried out on the base of standard identity tests [3], during which essential oils, flavonoids, tannins and coumarins were found. To determine the quality of essential oil of Carum carvi fruits we needed to identify one of the main characteristics of quality - the index of refraction. This figure amounted to n 20 = 1.4870 (1,484-1,493) [4].Thus, during the Pharmacognostic analysis of Carum carvi fruits we set up the correspondence of main characteristics to the general pharmacopeial monograph. We identified the presence of essential oils, flavonoids, tannins and coumarins. The quality of essential oil with refractive index corresponds to the technical standard documentation [4]. References:1. Samylina I.A., Muraeva D.A., Yakovlev G.P. Pharmacognosy. – M: Medicine, 2007. – 656 p.2. State Pharmacopoeia of the USSR. Ed 11 (part 2). Common methods of analysis. Medical plant material / USSR Ministry of Health. - 11th ed., Ext.- M: Medicine, 1990. - 400 p.3. Tikhonov V.N., Kalinkina G.I., Salnikova E.N. Medical plants, plant material and phytopreparations. – Tomsk, 2007.4. Voitkevich S.A. Volatile oils for perfumes and aromatherapy. - M: Food Industry, 1999. - 245 p.