The persistent high-risk human papilloma virus(HPV) infection is a necessary cause for developing cervical carcinoma. Although carcinogenic HPV types are found in virtually all invasive cancer, with types 16 and 18 being found in approximately 70 percent of cases. High risk HPV types’ Е6 and Е7 oncogenes have a pivotal role in cervical carcinogenesis. The p16, the cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor and p16 overexpression in cervical neoplasia is a surrogate marker of high risk HPV E7 mediated pRb catabolism reflecting disruption of mechanisms that control cell proliferation and indicating persistent infection with high risk of development of neoplasia.Thus in worldwide p16 had been identified as the novel biomarker in pre-invasive cervical lesions. Objective: For the purpose to detect for cervical cancer risks we examined HPV16/18 and cell cycle protein p16 expression in cervical lesions.A total of 96 specimens enrolled in this study and 50 were diagnosed as LSIL and 46 were diagnosed as a HSIL. To detect HPV16/18 and p16 in cervical lesions used immunohistochemistry. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS 16.0. Descriptive analysis was performed by Chi- Square test and also determined sensitivity and specificity.Positive stainingfor p16 and HPV16/18 were observed whole cell, within both the nuclear and cytoplasmic subcellular regions by immunohistochemistry. 63% of specimens had only HPV16 infection and 22% of specimens had only HPV18 infection.Also 14% specimens had co-infection with two viral types and 28% specimens had not above two most HPV infection. There were a significant difference for HPV16 positivity (X2 = 4.93, P < 0.05) and were not significant difference for HPV18 positivity (X2 = 0.28, P > 0.05) in HSIL and LSIL groups. There were not a difference for p16 in HSIL and LSIL groups.(X2 = 0.23, P > 0.05), respectively.P16, yielding a diagnostic sensitivity for HPV 16/18 were 82% and 30%, specificity for HPV 16/18 were 40% and 80%, respectively. In conclusion it is possible to detect high risk HPV types and persistent infection by immunohistochemistry in cervical intraepithelial squamous cell lesions. There is still critical need to use HPV testing and other molecular surrogate markers of HPV such as p16 in primary screening program.