Introduction: Foodborne diseases are a major public health concern worldwide. The report, which estimates the burden of foodborne diseases – states that each year as many as 600 million, or almost 1 in 10 people in the world, fall ill after consuming contaminated food. Of these, 420 000 people die, including 125 000 children under the age of 5 years. The 20.3% of diarrhea and 27.5% of die caused by contaminated foods are diarrheagenic Escherichia coli (DEC). Aim: To identify of DEC and determine their antibiotic resistance from ready-to-eat salads Material and Methods: A total of 40 bagged salad mix samples were collected from food markets in Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia. Escherichia coli (E.coli) strains were determined on the basis of MNS 6308:2012 standard and confirmed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) in samples. DEC was identified using multiplex PCR. Bacterial susceptibility to antimicrobial agents determined by the Kirby Bauer disk diffusion method. Results: Our results showed the presence of E. coli in 19 samples (47.5%). DEC isolates identified by multiplex PCR were defined as follows: the presence of eae and bfp for EPEC, the presence of lt for ETEC, the presence of ipaH for EIEC, the presence of stx1 and stx2 for EHEC, the presence of aap and aggR for EAEC, and the presence of daaE for DAEC. The multiplex PCR assays detected EHEC 6 (31.6%), EPEC 5 (26.3%), EIEC 1 (5.3%). EAEC and ETEC were not detected in samples. The E.coli isolates were 73.7% resistant to chloramphenicol as the first choice of treatment of diarrhea and high resistance (68.4-94.7%) to the cephalosporins. In our country, cephalosporins are widely used in medical practice for the treatment of infectious diseases. Conclusion In this study, about half of ready-to-eat salads are contaminated with E. coli. The three types (EHEC, EPEC, EIEC) of DEC pathotypes were identified in the ready-to-eat salads and high prevalent of antimicrobial resistance. Future research is required to track the contamination sources and develop appropriate steps that should be taken by industry and retailers to reduce microbial contamination in ready-to-eat salads.

BACKGROUND. In the worldwide every 40 seconds one person takes their life, annually 1 million people die on Earth by the means of suicide. Regardless of gender it is one of the main 3 causes of death in the population aged between 15-29. There have a tendency to increase of suicide rates with each passing year in the Mongolia. Therefore, our study goal is to determine the utilized methods and to identify some of the factors influencing the escalation of this phenomenon. The data and materials were gathered by quantitative research method from the post-mortem examination reports provided from the central archive of National Institute of Forensic Science according to the descriptive research design. The fact that the bulk of the increasing suicide cases might be attributed to the unemployed and working-age men without any chronic illnesses suggests correlation with gender and socio-economic status.