BACKGROUND: This study used MDS-HC 2.0 (Minimum Data Set-Home Care) to analyze the health and the state of function of the traveling health objects. This study was intended to make use of it with the basic materials for providing them with traveling health service suited for the requirement on the health of the traveling health objects. METHODS: The subjects of this study were 1160 people (over 65 years) living under management control of local Health Center from September 7th to October 3th, 2006. This study was analyzed with inter RAI program & SPSS/WIN 10.0, chi-square -test, t-test, and ANOVA. RESULTS: The result showed that 8.97 CAPs per an elderly person was identified and the subjects over 60% had an injury problem from a fall, health prevention service, vision, IADL, pain, and cognition. The number of CAPs in general was high in higher age and the less educated, and those without a job. But, in subjects that had a life partner and a spouse, the number of CAPs was low. In CAPs by the distinction of sex, CAPs which was much more in man than women in statistics were the improvement of health, the abuse of alcohol and drinking wine, bedsore, and the weak supply system. CAPs which women had much more were the function of the heart and the lungs, pain, the performance of the doctor's advice, health prevention service, and incontinence of urine and insertion of catheter. According to the results comparing CAPs by the level of the ADL, the number of CAPs was shown that the group of ADL 2 was higher than group ADL 1. The matter in which the traveling health service had to be applied in all both ADL1 and ADL2 was injury from a fall, health prevention service, and vision. Conculsion: MDS-HC is applicable to decide the care needs for health and social service supplies. The results can be further applicable for careplan, and referral criteria in continuum of care service over long-term care spectrums.
Activities of Daily Living ; Aged ; Catheters ; Cognition ; Continuity of Patient Care ; Drinking ; Equipment and Supplies ; Female ; Health Services ; Heart ; Humans ; Long-Term Care ; Lung ; Pressure Ulcer ; Referral and Consultation ; Social Work ; Spouses ; Vision, Ocular ; Wine

PURPOSE: This study was to determine the relationships between C-reactive protein (CRP) level of acute perforated and nonperforated appendicitis. METHODS: We retrospectively investigated 200 patients who was diagnosed to appendicitis in emergency medical center from January 2005 to August 2005. All patients were operated for suspected acute appendicitis and diagnosis was confirmed by histology after operation. The patients were divided two groups: group A with nonperforated appendicitis and group B with perforated appendicitis. We assessed and compared epidemiologic, clinical and laboratory data between two groups. For comparison of diagnostic value, the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve and the logistic regression analysis were done. RESULTS: Of the 200 patients, 149 patients were group A, and 51 patients were group B. The mean CRP level in the group B was higher than in patients with group A (109.25+/-87.18 mg/L vs 20.39+/-39.34 mg/L, p<0.05). Also WBC counts was higher in the group B (15.43+/-5.58x1000/microliter vs 12.47+/-4.5x1000/microliter, p<0.05). Though the area under the ROC curve (AUC) of CRP level was greater than WBC counts (0.853 vs 0.659), so CRP level was found to be significantly superior to WBC count in predicting perforated appendicitis. In logistic regression analysis, CRP level (odds ratio 1.024, 95% CI 1.016 to 1.035) was only independent predictor of perforated appendicitis. CONCLUSION: Increased CRP level in patients who were suspected appendicitis in emergency medical center was valuable in predicting perforated appendicitis. In such circumstances, we should consider the necessities of preoperative antibiotics, the surgical techniques and the early aggressive management for postoperative complications.
Anti-Bacterial Agents ; Appendicitis* ; C-Reactive Protein* ; Diagnosis* ; Emergencies ; Humans ; Logistic Models ; Postoperative Complications ; Retrospective Studies ; ROC Curve

No abstract available.
Brain Abscess* ; Brain* ; Vancomycin-Resistant Enterococci*

INTRODUCTION: Mini-implant system is applicable to areas of narrow space and area requiring temporary loading support. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the clinical outcome of a mini-implant system as well as the application of mini-implant system in the dental clinical field. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The patients who had been operated from Jan 2007 to Dec 2007 in the four dental facility including Seoul National University Bundang Hospital were enrolled. To evaluate the factors associated with the clinical outcome, the patients were classified according to gender, age, area of surgery, type of implant, diameter and length of the implant, and the purpose of the mini-implant system application. RESULTS: From 147 implants, only three implants failed, one of them was for temporary loading. There were no serious surgical or prosthetic complications in this study. CONCLUSION: An analysis of the preliminary data revealed a satisfactory clinical outcome. However, more long-term evaluation of narrow ridge type as well as the patient's satisfaction on the use of a provisional type mini-implant system is needed.
Dental Facilities ; Humans ; Retrospective Studies

Coronary artery anomalies are rare presentations in primary percutaneous coronary interventions of acute myocardial infarction. Herein, we report the case of a 59-year-old man with acute anterior myocardial infarction who had anomalous separate origin of left anterior descending artery (LAD) and left circumflex artery (LCX) from the left coronary aortic sinus. Coronary angiography showed a normal right coronary artery and LCX, but no visualization of the LAD. After several unsuccessful attempts to cannulate the LAD, we found the LAD ostium located by the side of the LCX ostium. There was total occlusion at proxymal LAD. Coronary computed tomography angiography demonstrated the precise, separate origin of LAD and LCX from the left coronary aortic sinus.
Angiography ; Anterior Wall Myocardial Infarction ; Arteries ; Coronary Angiography ; Coronary Vessel Anomalies ; Coronary Vessels ; Myocardial Infarction ; Percutaneous Coronary Intervention ; Sinus of Valsalva

Clinical features, laboratory and operative findings were reviewed in 17 cases adult Ebstein's anomaly admitted to Seoul National University Hospital from Feburary,1979 to October, 1987. 1) Mean age of first diagnosis was 28.6 tears old(range ; 14-57 years old). 2) Exertional duspnea(88.2%) and palpitation(64.7%) were the predominant symptoms, and PSVT was documented in 4 cases among 11 patoents with palpitation. 3) Echocardiogram showed displacement or delayed closure of the tricuspid valve in 13 cases. 4) On similtaneous recording of the intracardiac ECG and pressure, right ventricular electrogram with atrial pressure in atrialized right ventricle was observed in all cases. 5) Right ventriculogram revealed displacement of the tricuspid valve in 9 cases and tricuspid regurgitation in 10 cases. 6) Interatrial communication via ASD(8) and PFO(3) was present in 11 cases(64.7%). 7) Operative finding of 9 cases showed abnormalities of septal leaflet in 9(100%), posterior leaflet in 8(88.8%), and anterior leaflet in 2 cases(22.2%).
Adult* ; Atrial Pressure ; Diagnosis ; Ebstein Anomaly* ; Electrocardiography ; Heart Ventricles ; Humans ; Seoul ; Tricuspid Valve ; Tricuspid Valve Insufficiency

Hemodynamic factors play an important role in the development and/or progression of diabetic nephropathy. We hypothesized that renal sodium transporter dysregulation might contribute to the hemodynamic alterations in diabetic nephropathy. Otsuka Long Evans Tokushima Fatty (OLETF) rats were used as an animal model for type 2 diabetes. Long Evans Tokushima (LETO) rats were used as controls. Renal sodium transporter regulation was investigated by semiquantitative immunoblotting and immunohistochemistry of the kidneys of 40-week-old animals. The mean serum glucose level in OLETF rats was increased to 235+/-25 mg/dL at 25 weeks, and the hyperglycemia continued up to the end of 40 weeks. Urine protein/ creatinine ratios were 10 times higher in OLETF rats than in LETO rats. At 40th week, the abundance of the epithelial sodium channel (ENaC) beta-subunit was increased in OLETF rats, but the abundance of the ENaC gamma-subunit was decreased. No significant differences were observed in the ENaC alpha-subunit or other major sodium transporters. Immunohistochemistry for the ENaC beta-subunit showed increased immunoreactivity in OLETF rats, whereas the ENaC gamma-subunit showed reduced immunoreactivity in these rats. In OLETF rats, ENaC beta-subunit upregulation and ENaC gamma-subunit downregulation after the development of diabetic nephropathy may reflect an abnormal sodium balance.
Animals ; Blood Glucose/analysis ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/*metabolism ; *Disease Models, Animal ; Epithelial Sodium Channel/*analysis ; Hypertension/complications ; Immunoblotting ; Immunohistochemistry ; Kidney/*metabolism ; Male ; Rats ; Sodium/*metabolism ; Sodium-Hydrogen Antiporter/genetics ; Sodium-Potassium-Chloride Symporters/genetics

BACKGROUND: Perioperative magnesium sulfate (MgSO4) is used for analgesic, anti-arrhythmic, and obstetric purposes. The effects of MgSO4 on the neuromuscular blockade (NMB) induced by rocuronium, and the sugammadex reversal thereof, have not been clearly quantified. We investigated the effect of various MgSO4 concentrations on the NMB by rocuronium, and sugammadex reversal, in isolated left phrenic nerve hemi-diaphragm (PNHD) preparations from the rat. METHODS: Rat PNHD preparations were randomly allocated to one of four groups varying in terms of MgSO4 concentration (1, 2, 3, and 4 mM, each n = 10, in Krebs solution). The train-of-four (TOF) and twitch height responses were recorded mechanomyographically. The preparations were treated with incrementally increasing doses of rocuronium and each group’s effective concentration (EC)50, EC90, and EC95 of rocuronium were calculated via nonlinear regression. Then, sugammadex was administered in doses equimolar to rocuronium. The recovery index, time to T1 height > 95% of control, and the time to a TOF ratio > 0.9 after sugammadex administration were measured. RESULTS: The EC50, EC90, and EC95 of rocuronium fell significantly as the magnesium level increased. The EC50, EC90, and EC95 of rocuronium did not differ between the 3 and 4 mM groups. The recovery index, time to T1 height > 95% of control, and time to a TOF ratio > 0.9 after sugammadex administration did not differ among the four groups. CONCLUSIONS: Increases in the magnesium concentration in rat PNHD preparations proportionally enhanced the NMB induced by rocuronium but did not affect reversal by equimolar amounts of sugammadex.
Anesthesia ; Animals ; Magnesium Sulfate* ; Magnesium* ; Neuromuscular Blockade ; Phrenic Nerve* ; Rats*

TRPV5 is believed to play an important role in the regulation of urinary calcium excretion. We assessed the effects of hydrochlorothiazide (HCTZ) on the expression of TRPV5, calbindin-D28K, and several sodium transporters in hypercalciuric rats. Sprague- Dawley rats were divided into 4 groups; control, HCTZ, high salt, and high salt with HCTZ group in experiment 1; control, HCTZ, high calcium (Ca), and high Ca with HCTZ group in experiment 2. To quantitate the expression of TRPV5, calbindin- D28K, and sodium transporters, western blotting was performed. In both experiments, HCTZ significantly decreased urinary calcium excretion. TRPV5 protein abundance decreased in all hypercalciuric rats, and restored by HCTZ in both high salt with HCTZ and high Ca with HCTZ group. Calbindin-D28K protein abundance increased in the high salt and high salt with HCTZ groups, but did not differ among groups in experiment 2. Protein abundance of NHE3 and NKCC2 decreased in all hypercalciuric rats, and were restored by HCTZ in only high Ca-induced hypercalciuric rats. In summary, protein abundance of TRPV5, NHE3, and NKCC2 decreased in all hypercalciuric rats. The hypocalciuric effect of HCTZ is associated with increased protein abundance of TRPV5 in high salt or calcium diet-induced hypercalciuric rats.
Animals ; Biological Transport ; Calcium/urine ; Calcium Channels/chemistry ; Calcium-Binding Protein, Vitamin D-Dependent/*biosynthesis ; Hydrochlorothiazide/pharmacology ; Hypercalciuria/*therapy ; Male ; Models, Biological ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Sodium/*metabolism ; Sodium-Hydrogen Antiporter/chemistry ; Sodium-Potassium-Chloride Symporters/metabolism ; TRPV Cation Channels/*biosynthesis/chemistry ; Thiazides/*pharmacology

BACKGROUND: The Korean Bone and Soft Tissue Pathology Study Group of the Korean Society of Pathologists conducted a nationwide retrospective analysis of soft tissue sarcoma (STS) to provide the clinicopathologic characteristics of STS within the population of the Republic of Korea. METHODS: The cases of STS were collected during a 7-year period (2001-2007) from 19 institutes in Korea. All cases were classified according to the histologic criteria proposed by the World Health Organization. Clinicopathologic data were reviewed. RESULTS: Data from 722 patients (median age, 50 years) were collected. Data showed a slight male predominance. The most frequent types of STS in decreasing order were liposarcoma, malignant fibrous histiocytoma, leiomyosarcoma, and synovial sarcoma. STS occurred throughout the body, although approximately half (47.8%) were located in the extremities. The majority of STS was histologically classified as high grade with a large tumor size (>5 cm). The overall survival rate for the patients was 76.3% (median follow-up time, 26 months; range, 1 to 89 months). Histologic grade, tumor size, American Joint Committee on Cancer stage, tumor site, and resection status were prognostic. Significant independent adverse prognostic factors were large tumor size (>5 cm) and tumor site other than extremities. CONCLUSIONS: We reported the distribution and characteristics of STS in the Republic of Korea.
Academies and Institutes ; Extremities ; Follow-Up Studies ; Histiocytoma, Malignant Fibrous ; Humans ; Incidence ; Joints ; Korea ; Leiomyosarcoma ; Liposarcoma ; Male ; Prognosis ; Republic of Korea ; Retrospective Studies ; Sarcoma ; Sarcoma, Synovial ; Survival Rate ; World Health Organization