No abstract available.
Chlamydia* ; Fluorescent Antibody Technique, Indirect*

The intracranial arachnoid cyst is distinctly uncommon and they have unusual clinical course. The plain skull series were usually shown bulging of the overlying skull due to progressive collection of cerebrospinal fluid in cystic cavity. Pre-operative diagnosis is unlikely to be made. The predilection sites of this lesion are usually convexity of hemisphere, cisterna chiasmaticus, especiaily forebrain along the axis of main cerebral artery. The authors report a case of intracranial arachnoid cyst arisen along the Sylvian fissure combined chronic subdural hematoma follwoing sustained mild head injury. The pathologic diagnosis was arachnoid cyst, since the removed cyst wall was normal arachnoid tissue.
Arachnoid ; Arachnoid Cysts* ; Axis, Cervical Vertebra ; Cerebral Arteries ; Cerebrospinal Fluid ; Craniocerebral Trauma ; Diagnosis ; Hematoma, Subdural, Chronic ; Prosencephalon ; Skull

Spontaneous cerebellar hemorrhage is classically considered a rare and fatal disease because the early diagnosis is very rarely made during the life, and there is scant mention of the problems of spontaneous hemorrhage into the cerebellar hemisphere. However our opinions indicate that its frequency is greater than is generally thought although it is considered a rare lesion. The purpose of this paper is to record our present opinions concerning the possible early diagnosis and surgical management of the spontaneous cerebellar hemorrhage. We believe that it is possible by clinical examination alone to make or strongly suspect the diagnosis in life during the early stage before irreversible damage occurs and that emergency surgical intervention is strongly indicated. The patients is a 38 year old man admitted to the Department of Neurosurgery, Catholic Medical Center on Nov 3, 1976 with severe headache, vomiting, dysarthria and mental confusion. On examination, he was disclosed mental confusion, repeated vomiting, constricred pupil, horizontal nystagmus, inability to stand, dysarthria and neck stiffness. We confirmed the diagnosis under the cerebellar hemorrhage involving the cerebellar vermis and both cerebellar hemispheres by means of vertebral and carotid angiography, conray ventriculography, and cerebrospinal fluid examination. We underwent suboccipital craniectomy with the evacuation of hematoma at the vermis and both cerebellar hemispheres after 48 hours of onset of illness and his postoperative course was good except for mild cerebellar dysfunction signs and he was discharged on 45th hospital days.
Adult ; Angiography ; Cerebellar Diseases ; Cerebrospinal Fluid ; Diagnosis ; Dysarthria ; Early Diagnosis ; Emergencies ; Headache ; Hematoma ; Hemorrhage* ; Humans ; Neck ; Neurosurgery ; Nystagmus, Pathologic ; Pupil ; Vomiting

No abstract available.
Aneurysm ; Aneurysm, Ruptured* ; Cerebral Veins* ; Veins*

No abstract available.
Female ; Pregnancy ; Pregnancy, Ectopic*

One hundred eighty infants with oxygen therapy who were under 2,500gm birth weight or under 37 weeks of gestational age, were examined between January 1990 and November 1992. We performed clnical analysis and results were as follows. 1) Fifty six infants (31.1%) were diagnosed as retinopathy of prematurity. 2) The first examination was performed at 2.5 weeks of life on average, and the retinopathy of prematurity was diagnosed at 3.8 weeks on average. 3) The incidence of retinopathy of prematurity was highly associated with low birth weight (< or =1,890 gm), low gestational age ( < or =33.1 weeks), and high oxygen concentration with long duration (FiO2> or =0.4 over 1 week)(P<0.005). 4) Other associated risk factors were idiopathic respiratory distress syndrome, anemia, neonatal hypoxia and sepsis.
Anemia, Neonatal ; Anoxia ; Birth Weight ; Gestational Age ; Humans ; Incidence ; Infant ; Infant, Low Birth Weight ; Infant, Newborn ; Oxygen ; Retinopathy of Prematurity* ; Risk Factors ; Sepsis

Attention has been called to the sudden expansion of a pituitary tumor by hemorrhage within it, causing sudden loss of vision. Management of the pituitary apoplexy should be regarded as a neurological emergency. The outstanding clinical features of acute pituitary apoplexy were sudden headache, depressed consciousness, opthalmoplegia, meningismus and signs of compression of the optic nerve or chiasm. The authors report two cases of pituitary apoplexy, one was chromophobe adenoma and pathological diagnosis was not obtained in the other. The first case was 45-year-old man admitted to the Department of Neurosurgery, Catholic Medical Center on June 20, 1977, with headache, double vision and impared left side visual acuity. On April 26, 1977, he experienced sudden severe headache and diplopia then became drowsy. The headache and impairment of consciousness improved subsequently. He was admitted to a university hospital following the onset. The work up at the hospital revealed an enlarged sella with hazy dorsum sellae on plain skull films. The carotid angiogram revealed an elevation of the A1 segments bilaterally and cisternal pneumogram revealed an evidence of suprasellar extension of the pituitary tumor. He was advised to have immediate surgery. The patient, however, refused the surgery and noticed the impaired visual acuity and diplopia were persisting. The studies in this hospital revealed marked impairment of left side vision and oculomotor nerve palsy of the left eye. The carotid angiogram and cisternal pneumogram revealed the no evidence of sellar mass or suprasellar extension of the tumor. The second case was 59-year-old woman admitted to the neurosurgical ward on September 30, 1977, after a sudden onset of severe bifrontal headache, vomiting, bilateral ocular pain and drowsy mental state. She was drowsy with panopthalmoplegia of the right side, and spinal fluid was xanthochromic. Skull X-ray, carotid angiogram and air study revealed an evidence of pituitary tumor with minimal suprasellar extension. Removal of pituitary tumor through the trans-sphenoidal approach was performed, and the tumor was proved to be chromophobe adenoma. Panopthalmoplegia was progressively improved postoperatively.
Adenoma, Chromophobe ; Consciousness ; Diagnosis ; Diplopia ; Emergencies ; Female ; Headache ; Hemorrhage ; Humans ; Meningism ; Middle Aged ; Neurosurgery ; Oculomotor Nerve Diseases ; Optic Nerve ; Pituitary Apoplexy* ; Pituitary Neoplasms ; Skull ; Visual Acuity ; Vomiting

The effect of NDMA after oral administration (17 mg/ml) on the glycoconjugates of lingual von Ebner's gland and mucous gland were investigated with lectin histochemical methods. For lectin histochemical studies, the biotinylated lectins (DBA, PNA, SBA, BSL -1, sWGA, RCA -1, LCA, UEA -1, and ConA) were applied. Lectin binding patterns of glycoconjugates of lingual von Ebner's gland showed the decreased affinity for DBA, PNA, BSL -1 and sWGA in NDMA -treated group compared with control group. The remarkable decrease of binding affinity of NDMA -treated group was observed in PNA for 12 and 24 hours, DBA for 96 hours, BSL -1 for 72 hours, and sWGA for 3 hours, while the striking decrease of BSL -1 and sWGA binding was observed in NDMA -treated group for 12 hours. But these decreases of binding were tended to recover in PNA and sWGA after 72 hours of NDMA treatment, and in DBA after 120 hours. The binding affinity of SBA and RCA -1 was decreased in NDMA -treated group for 3 hours, while the other NDMA -treated group showed an increased affinity. Especially, the increase of SBA binding was remarkable. There was a little change in binding affinity of UEA -1, LCA and Con A in NDMA -treated group. Lectin binding patterns of glycoconjugates of lingual mucous gland showed decreased affinities for SBA, sWGA and UEA -1 in NDMA -treated group. The striking decreases of binding affinity for NDMA -treated group was observed in SBA and sWGA for 3 hours, and UEA -1 for 3 and 24 hours. And the remarkable decreases of binding affinity for NDMA -treated group was found in SBA for 24 and 48 hours, sWGA for 48, 72 and 96 hours, and UEA -1 for 48 hours. These decreases of binding affinity of NDMA -treated group were tended to recover in SBA and UEA -1 after 96 hours and in sWGA after 120 hours. The binding affinity for PNA and ConA showed a little but not remarkable increase in NDMA - treated group, and LCA binding showed a little decrease following a little increase in NDMA - treated group. The affinity of DBA binding was decreased in NDMA -treated group for 12 hours and 24 hours, while the other NDMA -treated group showed an increased affinity. Especially, there was a remarkable increase in NDMA -treated group for 96 hours. From these results, it is suggested that the toxicity of NDMA may be related with the carcinogen of the rat tongue, and glycoconjugates are concerned with the repaire of the destruction of the lingual mucous acini.
Administration, Oral ; Animals ; Dimethylnitrosamine* ; Glycoconjugates* ; Lectins ; Rats* ; Salivary Glands* ; Strikes, Employee ; Tongue ; von Ebner Glands

In an attempt to investigate the role of endogenous opiate in the changes of regional cerebral flow(rCBF) in intracerrebral hematoma(ICH), an experimental model of ICH was induced in the cat. Forty adult cats were divided into four groups, saline-treated normal control group(10 cats), saline-treated ICH group(10 cats) and naloxone-treated ICH group(10 cats) respectively. The ICH was induced in the right frontal region stereotactically with the autogenous arterial blood(1.5ml). The rCBF measurements done by hydrogen clearance method were carried out in each cat immediately, 20 min, 40 min, 60 min, 80 min, 100 min, 120 min, 140 min, and 160 min following ICH induction, and naloxone(10 mg/kg) was intravenously administered immediately, 60 min and 120 min after ICH induction. ICH induction resulted in increases of mean arterial blood pressure(MABP) and intracranial pressure(ICP) and decrease of rCBF of the ipsilateral hemisphere. Naloxone did not modify the pattern of MABP and ICP changes, however it transiently increased rCBF, every time the drug was administered in naloxone-treated control group and from 60 min following ICH induction in naloxone-treated ICH group. The animals were sacrificed 180 min after ICH induction and the brains were sliced and prepared with Evans Blue, which revealed no significant mass effect, midline shift or perifocal brain edema. It is concluded that the decrease of rCBF in ICH could be influenced by endogenous opiates and naloxone could improve decreased rCBF in ICH without increase of MABP or decrease of ICP.
Adult ; Animals ; Brain ; Brain Edema ; Cats* ; Evans Blue ; Hematoma* ; Humans ; Hydrogen ; Models, Theoretical ; Naloxone* ; Opioid Peptides

The unilateral megalencephaly is a rare brain malformation characterized by cerebral asymmetry and cortical dysplasia caused by faulty migration of the subependymal neuroblasts. We experienced a case of unilateral megalencephaly in a two day-old male with the chief complaint of asymmetric head appearance. Large left hemisphere with agyria, pachygyria, dilatation of lateral ventricle, and the thick cortex of the ipsilateral hemisphere were showed in brain MRL, Clinical findings in this case were intractable seizure, hemiparesis, and psychomotor retardation. A review of literatures was also presented briefly.
Brain ; Dilatation ; Head ; Humans ; Lateral Ventricles ; Lissencephaly ; Male ; Malformations of Cortical Development ; Paresis ; Seizures