Medicinal leech /Hirudo medicinalis/ secretes 150 over bioactive substances from savilary gland, which are hirudin, hialuronidasa, bdellin, eglin, destabilasa, lipase, cholesterol esterase. Medicinal leech’s therapeutic effect is anticoagulant, antiplatelet, anti-ischemic, hypotensive, anti-inflammatory, anti-atherosclerotic and thrombolytic. In Mongolia, medicinal leech therapy’s research is rare. The study was designed as selective sampling and clinical trial study. From June 1st between September 1st in 2016, there were enrolled 30 patients with diagnosis of arterial hypertension stage I at “Piyavka” hospital in Hentii province. Patients were used by method of Medicinal leech therapeutic of the Russian Federation in 2011. Blood samples were used SD LipidoCare analyser, Stago Compact automatic coagulation analyzer. Fibrinogen, Activated partial thromboplastin time, Thrombin time, Prothrombin time, International normalized ratio and Blood lipids level were checked before and after treatment. A total of 30 patients were enrolled in the study. 16 were females, 14 were males and the mean age was 59.13±11.62. Activated partial thromboplastin time was before 37.97 ±5.62 sec and after 45.94±6.05 sec therapy of leeches. Thrombin time was before 17.59 ±1.66 sec and after 19.53±1.38 sec therapy of leeches. As patients who was increased from normal lipid level in blood before leech therapy, Total cholesterol was before 220.63±14.51 mg/dl, after 204.63±13.64 mg/ dl therapy of leeches. Triglyceride level was before 253.69±71.99 mg/dl, after 184.12±61.73 mg/ dl therapy of leeches. Mean of Activated partial thromboplastin time, Thrombin time were prolonged with statistically significant after treatment (p=0.0001). As patients who was increased from normal lipid level in blood before leech therapy, Total cholesterol (p=0.031), Triglyceride (p=0.0003) were decreased with statistically significant by therapy of leeches.

Introduction: the background and importance of present research work consists on demonstrating how the drug substance digestion changes depending from the media of fluid to be taken. Purpose: consists in comparative study of solution of the diclofenac sodium film coated tablets, produced in various countries, in different solvent media by the in vitro method. Materials and Methods: the solution research of each 50mg total 54 pieces of film coated diclofenac sodium, produced in three different factories such as A, B and C, was conducted in three different medias in juice (pH=3.8); distilled water (pH=6.7) and mineral water (pH=6). The solution was determined in centrifuge and measured 276 nm in spectrophotometer. Result: the solution of 50mg diclofenac sodium film coated tablet, produced in three different countries such as A,B and C: • The amount of drug substance released in the distilled water (pH=6.7) media has been counted in 15 minutes after begin of solution process the A factory-66%, the B factory-58% and the C factory-20%. At continuation of duration of solution had in 30 minutes the A factory-80%, the B factory-86%, the C factory-72%; in 45 minutes the A factory-82%; the B factory-88%; the C factory-66%; in 60 minutes the A factory-82%; the B factory-82%; the C factory-72% each respectively. • The amount of drug substance released in the juice (pH=3.8) media has been counted in 15 minutes after begin of solution process the A factory-50%, the B factory-42% and the C factory-60%. At continuation of duration of solution had in 30 minutes the A factory-82%, the B factory-40%, the C factory-72%; in 45 minutes the A factory-80%; the B factory-44%; the C factory-38%; in 60 minutes the A factory-56%; the B factory-66%; the C factory-58% each respectively. • The amount of drug substance released in the mineral water (pH=6) media has been counted in 15 minutes after begin of solution process the A factory-54%, the B factory-30% and the C factory-10%. At continuation of duration of solution had in 30 minutes the A factory-66%, the B factory-62%, the C factory-36%; in 45 minutes the A factory-82%; the B factory-82%; the C factory-38%; in 60 minutes the A factory-74%; the B factory-84%; the C factory-74% each respectively. Conclusion: from the above-mentioned experiment it is evident that the solution of the diclofenac sodium film coated tablet, produced in different countries, in different solvent media as distilled water, juice and mineral water is relatively different. It has showed how important is to take into account the auxiliary substance quality contained in current drug at choosing the fluid to be taken after the drug. Bibliography: - “Drug analysis” D. Dungerdorj, Z.Anuu 2012 - “Bioformation” A.I. Tikhonov, T.G. Yarnykh, I.A. Zupanets, O.S. Danikevich, E.E. Bogutskaya, N.V. Bezdetko, Yu.N. Azarenko 2003

Medicinal leech /Hirudo medicinalis/ secretes 150 over bioactive substances from savilary gland, which are hirudin, hialuronidasa, bdellin, eglin, destabilasa, lipase, cholesterol esterase. Medicinal leech’s therapeutic effect is anticoagulant, antiplatelet, anti-ischemic, hypotensive, anti-inflammatory, anti-atherosclerotic and thrombolytic. In Mongolia, medicinal leech therapy’s research is rare.The study was designed as selective sampling and clinical trial study. From June 1st between September 1st in 2016, there were enrolled 30 patients with diagnosis of arterial hypertension stage I at “Piyavka” hospital in Hentii province. Patients were used by method of Medicinal leech therapeutic of the Russian Federation in 2011. Blood samples were used SD LipidoCare analyser, Stago Compact automatic coagulation analyzer. Fibrinogen, Activated partial thromboplastin time, Thrombin time, Prothrombin time, International normalized ratio and Blood lipids level were checked before and after treatment. A total of 30 patients were enrolled in the study. 16 were females, 14 were males and the mean age was 59.13±11.62. Activated partial thromboplastin time was before 37.97 ±5.62 sec and after 45.94±6.05 sec therapy of leeches. Thrombin time was before 17.59 ±1.66 sec and after 19.53±1.38 sec therapy of leeches. As patients who was increased from normal lipid level in blood before leech therapy, Total cholesterol was before 220.63±14.51 mg/dl, after 204.63±13.64 mg/ dl therapy of leeches. Triglyceride level was before 253.69±71.99 mg/dl, after 184.12±61.73 mg/ dl therapy of leeches. Mean of Activated partial thromboplastin time, Thrombin time were prolonged with statistically significant after treatment (p=0.0001). As patients who was increased from normal lipid level in blood before leech therapy, Total cholesterol (p=0.031), Triglyceride (p=0.0003) were decreased with statistically significant by therapy of leeches.

BACKGROUND. Traditional medicine is the oldest form of health care in the world and is used in the prevention and treatment of physical and mental illnesses3. Traditional medicine is also variously known as complementary and alternative, or ethnic medicine, and it still plays a key role in many countries today11. Plant produces a wide variety of secondary metabolites which are used either directly as precursors or as lead compounds in the pharmaceutical industry. It is expected that plant extracts showing target sites other than those used by antibiotics will be active against drug resistant microbial pathogens7. Antibacterial activities of various extracts, including methanol, ethanol, butanol and ethyl acetate crude extracts from traditional Tiishal medicine and its medicinal plants ingredients were carried out. Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Micrococcus luteus, Salmonella enterica. For this purpose extract of drug Tiishal were prepared and tested by “Disc Diffusion Method”. As a result of this study it was found that the extract of Tiishal generally revealed antimicrobial activity against both gram positive bacteria (Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Micrococcus luteus) and gram-negative bacteria (Salmonella enterica). The to study found that antibacterial activity of the ethanol extracts of each 6 samples showed little inhibition on Sal. enterica. METHODS. Traditional medicine Tiishal was produced from the Manba Datsan clinic and training center for traditional Mongolian medicine. Tiishal medicine was prepared by the standard MNS 5585:2006, № 0333151207 Tiishal medicine instructional method. The main medicinal herbs of Tiishal include Juniperus pseudosabinaFisch., Gentiana barbata Froel., Cynomorium songaricum Rupr., Sophora alopecuroides L., and Tricholoma mongolicum Imai (1:1:1:1:1) ratio. The antimicrobial activity of the ethanol, methanol, butanol and ethyl acetate extracts was carried by disc diffusion method. RESULTS. A total 4 strains were used for the antibacterial activity test. The extracts of methanol, and ethanol of J. pseudosabina revealed the highest antibacterial activity against Bac. subtilis, Ps. aeruginosa, S. aureus, and S. enteric with the diameters of inhibition zones between 6.0 - 10.0 mm. СONCLUSION. “Tiishal”, ethanol and methanol extracts of 5 different plants showed relatively low inhibition of bacterial growth.

The microbiologist, who aged 44 man has work with glander DNA extraction between January and March at 2022, was developed sumptoms with fever, headache, muscle pain, weakness, cut throat, cough at 4 March, 2022. On March 7, he had tested Covid-19 and the result was negative. He was given 1gr tefazoline by eight-time interval for two days. Despite completing the therapy, episodes of fever and headache increased. A medical evaluation, which included MRI test was no disorder was developed. On March 12, painful with leg and developed muscle pain. He continued to difficulty to walk and cough, fever and weakness. On March 13, he has admitted hospital with diagnoses pneumonia.
He had continued sign with pneumonia in both lung, fever, infiltration with right leg, cough, headache, and glandule node in hospital. By PCR test, glander DNA was detected in sputum in National Center for Zoonotic Diseases laboratory. He recovered 20 days in hospital.
He has 12 days incubation period and infection route was by worked with glander strain and it was pneumonia form with laboratory-acquired human glanders.
Human glander case is rare in Mongolia. Three human glander cases had registered in 1966, 1972, 1977 among prison’s horse herder in Mongolia.