Objective: To evaluate the antioxidant activity, antiglycation property, and bioactive components content of different solvent extracts from Chinese olive (Canarium album L.) fruit. Methods: The dry powder of Chinese olive fruit was extracted with different solvents, i.e., water, water/ethanol (1/1, v/v), ethanol, methanol, acetone and ethyl acetate. The total phenolic, total flavonoids and total triterpenoids contents of various extracts were determined by spectrophotometric methods. Phenolic compounds were identified by high performance liquid chromatography. The assayed antioxidant activity was determined in vitro models such as antioxidant capacity by radical scavenging activity using 2,2'-Azino-bis(3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS), 1,1-diphenyl-2-picryl- hydrazyl (DPPH) and nitrite oxide methods, chelating activity on metal ions, lipid and protein peroxidation methods. In vitro glucose-bovine serum albumin assay was used to evaluate the antiglycation of various extracts. Results: The water/ethanol extracts of Chinese olive fruit exerted significant scavenging effects on free radicals and strong inhibitory effects on advanced glycation end products formation. The Chinese olive fruit extracts were rich in phenolic compounds and triterpenoids. Gallic acid, ferulic acid and rutin were identified from the water/ethanol extracts. Correlation analysis indicated that there was a linear relationship between the antioxidant potency, free radical scavenging ability and phenolic compounds content of the Chinese olive fruit extracts. Conclusions: Chinese olive fruit could be a natural candidate for studies of dietary complement to diabetes treatment since it combines antioxidant and antiglycation activities.

Objectives: An Asian Gynecologic Oncology Group phase III randomized trial was conducted to determine whether maintenance chemotherapy could improve progression-free survival (PFS) in stages III/IV ovarian cancer. Methods: Between 2007 and 2014, 45 newly-diagnosed ovarian cancer patients were enrolled after complete remission and randomized (1:1) to arm A (4-weekly carboplatin area under the curve 4 and pegylated liposomal doxorubicin [PLD] 30 mg/m2, n=24) for 6 cycles or arm B (observation, n=21). The primary end-point was PFS. A post hoc translational study was conducted to deep sequence BRCA/homologous recombination deficiency (HRD) genes, because BRCA/HRD mutations (BRCA/HRDm) are known to be associated with better prognosis. Results: Enrollment was slow, accrual was closed when 7+ years had passed. With a medianfollow-up of 88.9 months, the median PFS was significantly better in arm A (55.5 months) than arm B (9.2 months) (hazard ratio [HR]=0.40; 95% confidence interval [CI]=0.19–0.87; p=0.020), yet the median overall survival was not significantly different in arm A (not reached) than arm B (95.1 months) (p=0.148). Overall grade 3/4 adverse events were more frequent in arm A than arm B (60.9% vs 0.0%) (p<0.001). Quality of life was generally not significantly different. Distribution of BRCA1/2m or BRCA/HRDm was not significantly biased between the two arms. Wild-type BRCAon-HRD subgroup seemed to fare better with maintenance therapy (HR=0.35; 95% CI=0.11–1.18; p=0.091). Conclusions Despite limitations in small sample size, it suggests that maintenance carboplatin-PLD chemotherapy could improve PFS in advanced ovarian cancer.

Arm ; Asian Continental Ancestry Group ; Bias (Epidemiology) ; Carboplatin ; Disease-Free Survival ; Doxorubicin ; Drug Therapy ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Maintenance Chemotherapy ; Ovarian Neoplasms ; Prognosis ; Quality of Life ; Recombination, Genetic ; Sample Size