Vegetable samples collected in Vu Phuc commune (Thai Binh province) were investigated for worm egg contamination. A 50% cumulative contamination rate was found among the investigated samples, of which Ascaris was 48.8%, Trichuris 42.2%, hookworm 17.8%. The intensity of contamination per 100gr of vegetable was 14+/-7.2 with Ascaris, 10.2+/- 5.6 with Trichuris, 4.4+/-1.8 with hookworm. The contamination rate was 60% in the samples of leaf-eating and raw-eating and 50% in root-eating vegetable. Dead eggs were found in 12.2% and developing eggs were found in 44.4% of samples.
Helminths ; Vegetables

248 patients participated to a study. The standards of the clinical diagnosis are: epigastric sudden severe pain, pyrexia, vomiting, especially non- remission of pain after vomiting with or without pancreatic pain. The paraclinical: blood amylase must be higher 4 times than normal level; abdominal ultrasound had image of the pancreatic edema and image of ascaris in the pancrea -bile duct (29.44%). If the ascuris is not a cause of the acute pancreatitis, the stress can be a cause of the migration of ascris. Recommendations: use of antihelmintic, use of gentamicine, ampicilline and amoxycilline for patients with accute pancreatitis. In case of the acute pancreatitis due to ascaries, it should combine with antibiotic for anaerobic microbial.
Pancreatitis ; epidemiology

The study aims to identify the rate of pregnancy patients in childbearing-age female who have biliary ascariasis. Fetal abnormalities have not found. Complications as biliary infection, acute pancreatitis and pancreatic reactions were observed.
Ascariasis ; pregnancy ; pregnant women

A study on 126 patients with biliary ascariasis (female/male: 4/1) in December 1997 in Hue Central Hospital has shown that the disease is initiated suddenly with severe pain in the right subcostal area and right chest (most common), vomiting, icterus, history of disease (80%). The common complications are bile duct infection, acute gallbladder infection, pancreatic reactions, acute pancreatitis, bile duct haemorrhage, bile duct abscess. Drugs: Pyrantil, antibiotics.
Ascariasis ; diagnosis ; therapy ; therapeutics

Background: It is important to diagnosis and properly treat patients with diarrhea is having a highly sensitive and specific technique to rapidly identify the caused bacteria, especially Diarrheagenic Escherichia Coli (DEC) isolates. Objectives: To develop and complete the bacterial DNA extraction procedure and optimize the DNA concentration for multiplex PCR for DEC. Materials and method: 7 reference strains of DEC and 10 fecal samples taken randomly were tested using DNA extraction and PCR techniques. Results. A bacterial DNA extraction procedure has been developed and optimized. This is a simple process and does not require expensive equipment. The test result is available after 90 \u2013 100 minutes. The minimum DNA content required for PCR to give positive results is 100ng per reaction. Conclusion: The development and completion of DNA extraction procedure plays an important role in early detection of DEC in fecal samples and serves as a base for further research on diarrheagenic bacteria.
DNA extraction ; PCR ; Escherichia coli

Background: Liver flukes is classified into Foodbone Trematodes, which can cause serious harmful effect to human health such as cirrhosis. Objective: To identify the infection rate of small liver fluke at 2 communes Xuan Tien and Xuan Chau of Xuan Truong district, Nam Dinh province. Subject and Method: The descriptive epidemiological study with a random sampling was conducted on 1411 people aged 18 or higher to find small liver fluke eggs in their feces by Kato's method. Result and Conclusion: Findings show that the infection rate of small liver fluke in people was 19.1 %, and that in Xuan Tien was higher than that in Xuan Chau (29.7% vs. 6.2%). The infection rate was highest in the 40-49 year old group (28.4%), and lowest in the 18-29 year old group (7.6%). Males had a higher infection rate than females (31.0% vs.10.5%). By occupation, the home craft had the highest infection rate (39.1 %), followed by farmers (20.1 %) and some others (6%). Those who completed secondary school or lower education had a infection rate higher than that of those who completed high school (24.1 % vs. 8.8%).
Small liver fluke

Background: Auricular pressure method is a non-medication method which has been applied for a long time. This method significantly improved the clinical symptoms in premenopausal women. Objectives: to evaluate the effects of auricular pressure method on some hemological and endocrinal indices of the patients with pre-menopausal syndrome. Subjects and methods: 30 patients with menopausal syndrome aged 40- 55 were treated by applying continuously auricular method on Shen men, endocrine, sympathetic nerve points for 30 days. An open-clinical trial was conducted with a comparison of the results before and after treatment. Results: After 30 days of treatment there were no change in hemological indices while serum Estradiol concentration increased to 199,33 \xb1 299,83pnol/l and FSH decreased to 16,33 \xb1 108,70 UL/I compared with those before treatment.The increased levels of estrogen explained partly the improvement of clinical symptoms after treatment. Number of erythrocyte, leukocyte, platelet, haemoglobin, hematocrit did not change. Conclusions: Auricular pressure method produced an influence on the levels of serum Estradiol and FSH. However, it caused no effects on hemological indices in the patients with menopausal syndrome. \r\n', u'\r\n', u'\r\n', u'
Premenopause

OBJECTIVES: To investigate the relationship between dyslipidemia and obesity status among Viet-namese adolescents. METHODS: In this case-control study, 282 adolescents (6–11 years), including 88 obese cases and 194 normal-weight controls, were recruited from a population-based cross-sectional study from two provinces in Vietnam. The anthropometric, blood lipid, and other laboratory test results of the study subjects were analyzed. RESULTS: Obese children tended to have more visceral fat (Pearson's r = 0.795, p < 0.0001) than subcutaneous fat (Pearson's r = 0.754, p < 0.0001), and this difference was associated with an increase in blood triglyceride level (Pearson's r = 0.232, p < 0.05) and a strikingly high rate of hypertriglyceridemia (38.6%). We also found that birth weight and parental body mass index were related to the status of obesity among the study subjects. However, only birth weight was significantly higher in the obese group than in the normal weight group. These findings indicate the effect of prenatal nutrition on childhood obesity. Furthermore, high-birth weight children had a surprisingly high rate of obesity. CONCLUSION: Together, our data suggest that obesity increased the risk for hypertriglyceridemia, which was, at least partially, due to prenatal nutrition.
Adolescent ; Birth Weight ; Body Mass Index ; Case-Control Studies* ; Child ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Dyslipidemias ; Humans ; Hypertriglyceridemia* ; Intra-Abdominal Fat ; Obesity ; Parents ; Pediatric Obesity* ; Subcutaneous Fat ; Triglycerides ; Vietnam*

Objective: This study aimed to compare the efficacy of physiological intracytoplasmic sperm injection (PICSI) and intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) in terms of the fertilization rate and embryo quality using sibling oocyte cycles. Methods: This prospective, cross-sectional study collected data from 76 couples who underwent their first cycle at the Hue Center for Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility, Vietnam, between May 2019 and November 2021. The inclusion criteria were cycles with at least eight oocytes and a sperm concentration of 5×106/mL. Sperm parameters, sperm DNA fragmentation (SDF), fertilization, and the quality of cleavage-stage embryos on day 2 and blastocysts on day 5 were examined. Results: From 76 ICSI cycles, 1,196 metaphase II (MII) oocytes were retrieved, half of which were randomly allocated to either the PICSI (n=592) or ICSI (n=604) treatment group. The results showed no significant difference between the two groups in terms of fertilization (72.80% vs. 75.33%, p=0.32), day 2 cleavage rate (95.13% vs. 96.04%, p=0.51), blastulation rate (52.68% vs. 57.89%), and high-quality blastocyst rate (26.10% vs. 31.13%, p=0.13). However, in cases where SDF was low, 59 cycles consisting of 913 MII oocytes produced a considerably higher blastulation rate with PICSI than with ICSI (50.49% vs. 35.65%, p=0.00). There were no significant differences between the pregnancy outcomes of the PICSI and ICSI embryo groups following embryo transfer. Conclusion Using variable sperm quality provided no benefit for PICSI versus ICSI in terms of embryo outcomes. When SDF is low, PICSI appears to be able to produce more blastocysts.

As the associations of sperm DNA fragmentation with morphology have not been examined in detail, this study aimed to investigate the relationship between abnormalities of morphological details and DNA integrity in human sperm. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, men from infertile couples were enrolled at Hue Center for Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility, Vietnam. Conventional semen parameters, including morphological details, were analyzed following the World Health Organization 2010 criteria. Sperm DNA fragmentation was evaluated using a sperm chromatin dispersion assay. The relationships and correlations between semen parameters, sperm morphology, and the type of halosperm and the DNA fragmentation index (DFI) were analyzed. Results: Among 130 men in infertile couples, statistically significant differences were not found in the sperm halo type between the normal and abnormal sperm morphology groups. The percentage of round-head spermatozoa was higher in the DFI >15% group (16.98%±12.50%) than in the DFI ≤15% group (13.13% ±8.82%), higher values for amorphous heads were found in the DFI >15% group, and lower values for tapered heads were observed in the DFI ≤15% group; however, these differences were not statistically significant. Small-halo sperm and the DFI were positively correlated with round-head sperm (r=0.243, p=0.005 and r=0.197, p=0.025, respectively). Conclusion: The rate of general sperm morphological abnormalities in semen analysis was not related to sperm DNA integrity. However, round sperm heads were closely associated with sperm DNA fragmentation.