Hypoxia-inducible factor-1 (HIF-1), as a nuclear transcription regulator of the hypoxic response, is up-regulated during hypoxia, and it regulates a series of downstream target gene expression, such as vascular endothelial growth factor, glucose transporter and erythropoietin through binding with hypoxia response element. It plays important roles in angiogenesis, anerobic metabolism, cell survival, proliferation, migration, and differentiation.This article reviews the structure, function and activity regulation of HIF-1 and its roles in acute ischemic brain injury.

Benzene ; Benzene Derivatives ; Bile ; Chromatography, Gas ; Gallbladder ; Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry ; Humans ; Toluene

Objective To explore a method for real-time pretreatment and character extraction of epicardial signals and promote the research on the electrophysiological mechanism of atrial fibrillation (AF).Methods Firstly,an analysis was made to get the properties of epicardial signals. Then,a method based on template matching was used to extract atrial activities from epicardial signals. At last,the feature points of atrial activities could be recognized.Results The correctness of recognizing feature points of sinus rhythm and AF were 99.7% and 97.0% respectively. Furthermore,only 1~2 s were cost to compute a 10-second data record with this method.Conclusion The proposed method can extract crucial information about atrium depolarization from epicardial signals and is adequate for online analysis.

OBJECTIVE:To prepare the Compound anisodamine and neostigmine sustained-release tablet and study the in vitro drug release behavior. METHODS:Using raceanisodamine and neostigmine methyl sulfate as main medicines,hydroxypropyl meth-yl cellulose as sustained release skeleton material,magnesium stearate as the lubricant,polyvinyl pyrrolidone as the adhesive,pre-gelatinized starch as the thinner,microcrystalline cellulose as the disintegrant and filler,Compound anisodamine and neostigmine sustained-release tablet was prepared by wet granulation method and direct compression method. The in vitro cumulative release rate within 12 h of the 2 main medicines was detected by HPLC method. RESULTS:Compound anisodamine and neostigmine sus-tained-release tablet was successfully prepared,and the in vitro release was basically completed within 12 h,with accumulative re-lease rate of 91.3% for anisodamine and 96.5% for neostigmine. CONCLUSIONS:Compound anisodamine and neostigmine sus-tained-release tablet that can cumulatively release for 12 h is successfully prepared.

BACKGROUND:Pneumatic lithotripsy and holmium laser lithotripsy for distal ureteral calculi have their own advantages and disadvantages in efficacy and complications, but both of them are currently better treatments. ＜br> OBJECTIVE:To compare the efficacy and safety of holmium laser lithotripsy and pneumatic lithotripsy for the treatment of distal ureteral calculi through a meta analysis. ＜br> METHODS:A online search of China Biological Medicine disk, PubMed, Cochrane Library, Springerlink, Medline, and Embase databases was performed from March 1999 to December 2013. A manual retrieval of relevant journals was also done for clinical trials about holmium laser lithotripsy and pneumatic lithotripsy for treatment of distal ureteral calculi. RevMan 5.1.5 software (Cachrane Library) was used for meta analysis. The fol owing indexes were used to compare the results:mean operative time, early stone free rate, stone migration rate, ureteral perforation rate, postoperative hematuria rate and retaining double-J catheter rate. ＜br> RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Four prospective studies (a total of 275 patients) were enrol ed, and there were 140 cases in the group of holmium laser lithotripsy and 133 cases in the pneumatic Lithotripsy group. Holmium laser lithotripsy conveyed significant benefits compared with pneumatic lithotripsy in mean operative time [WMD=-16.38, 95%CI (-20.29,-12.47), P＜0.000 01], stone migration incidence [OR=0.25, 95%CI (0.10, 0.63), P=0.003], retaining double-J catheter rate [OR=0.44, 95%CI (0.25, 0.78), P=0.004], while early stone free rate, postoperative hematuria rate and ureteral perforation rate had no significant changes between the two groups. Compared with pneumatic lithotripsy, holmium laser lithotripsy can shorten mean operative time and reduce the stone migration rate. Because of the lack of prospective studies and smal sample size, large-sized randomized control ed studies are urgently needed to provide evidence.

Objective To measure and analyze the radioactivity level of 210Pb in outdoor air in Beijing in spring.Methods Portable high flow air samplers were used to collect outdoor air at the ground level to analyze the 210Pb radioactivity in the aerosol filter samples using a laboratory-based high purity germanium (HPGe) γ spectrometer.Results The activity concentration of 210Pb outdoors ranged from 267.2 to 1 697.6 μBq/m3,with an average of (878.7 ± 386.7) μBq/m3.Statistical analysis showed that the activity concentrations 210Pb of outdoors varied with variable air quality.Conclusions The activity concentrations of 210Pb outdoors are detectable in Beijing,varying considerably but within the normal range.

Objective To investigate and analyze the status quo of the patients of extended stay at 11 clinical hospitals of a general university in Beijing, and explore the countermeasures and solutions.Methods Contact with the medical affairs departments of these hospitals to collect information about such patients of extended stay.Results A total of 43 cases of patients were identified as extended stay at these hospitals, accounting for 0.00% to 0.93% of total beds.Their stay ranged from 1 month to 15 years, including 17 cases with medical disputes (39.5%), and 26 cases without (60.5%).Conclusions The phenomenon of extended stay at hospitals deserve enough attention and appropriate actions accordingly.

Objective:To observe the influence of schisandrone on the levels of IL-1? and iNOS mRNA in the hippocampus of rats with Alzheimer-like disease(AD) and to investigate the probable prevention and therapy effect of schisandrone on AD. Methods: Totally 30 male SD rats, 8-12 weeks old, weighing 250-300 g, were randomly divided into 3 groups: blank control group,AD model group and schisandrone intervention group(n=10). The animal model of AD was established by 10 mmol/L amyloid-beta protein(A? 25-35 ) 5 ?l stereotactic injection into lateral cerebral ventricle of rats and the rats of schisandrone intervention group were administrated with corn oil with 1 mmol/L schisandrone. And then the levels of IL-1? and iNOS mRNA in the hippocampus were detected by RT-PCR. Results: The levels of IL-1? and iNOS mRNA in the hippocampus of rats with Alzheimer-like disease (0.333 7?0.122 3, 0.266 6?0.088 5) decreased obviously after administration of schisandrone (0.969 3?0.153 9, 0.666 0?0.121 1)(P

Objective To set up a method of stools protein extraction,analysis and identification in order to get the new nonin-vasive indicators of human digestive diseases.Methods The stools proteins,collected from healthy persons,the patients with atrophic gastritis,those who suffed from gastric carcinoma and postoperative patients with gastric carcinoma respectively, were extracted in three different ways including saline,Tris-HCl buffer and Urea buffer,the best way was selected by using SDS-PAGE,then a preliminary analysis of stools proteins was performed by 1D LC-MS/MS.Results The methods of saline and Tris-HCl buffer could get more stools proteins than the method of urea.The proteins in stools from the healthy persons, the patients with atrophic gastritis,the patients with gastric carcinoma and postoperative patients with gastric carcinoma were all abundant and more than one hundred.There was a significant difference in stools protein maps among the various populations.Alpha1-antitrypsin,a number of immunoglobulin and keratin were identified in the stools from patients with gastric carcinoma but not postoperative patients with gastric carcinoma and the healthy persons.Conclusions In this re-search,there was a significant difference in stools protein maps among the healthy persons,the patients with atrophic gastri-tis,the patients with gastric carcinoma and postoperative patients with gastric carcinoma,not only the composition of stools proteins,but also the abundance of same proteins.Therefore,using proteomics technologies to screening of the noninvasive indicators in human stools is viable.The study recommended that the noninvasive indicators in human stools should be iden-tified with quantitative differences analysis combination of quality of mass spectrometer method in the future research.

Objective To determine the activity concentration of radionuclides for 137Cs and 40K in edible wild mushrooms,and to evaluate the extent of radioactive contamination and ingestion doses to adults from consumption of these wild mushrooms.Methods A total of 33 samples for 18 edible wild mushroom species were collected from natural forest Mangshi,Yunnan province.The activity concentrations of 137Cs and 40K were analyzed by using high-purity germanium (HPGe) gamma spectrometry.Results Except.for one sample that was below the MDA,137Cs artificial radionuclides were detected in other 32 samples,with activity concentration of 137Cs in the range of 0.45-339.58 Bq/kg (dry weight) and an average of 25.47 Bq/kg (dry weight).In regards to 40K in edible mushrooms,all species presented the activity concentrations for this radionuclide and the levels varied from 453.4 to 1 882.6 Bq/kg (dry weight),with an average of 815.1 Bq/kg (dry weight).After species of mushroom with only one sample were eliminated,there was significant difference for 137Cs(F =21.13,P ＜ 0.05) among 6 species of mushroom named Gomphus floccosus (Schw.) Sing.,Boletus edulis bull,Boletus edulis bull,Tylopllus bolloul (Peck) Sing.,Lentinus edodes (Berk.) Sing.and Boletus brunneissimus W.F.Chin,but without significant difference for 40K.Conclusions These 6 different mushroom species have different capacity to retain radionuclides of 137Cs in soil.These wild mushrooms,such as Gomphus floccosus (Schw.) Sing.and Lentinus edodes (Berk.) Sing.have large affinity ability for radionuclides137Cs.The effective dose to adults attributable to consuming these kinds of mushrooms is small and below the level that could cause harm.