Tubocurarine ; Vecuronium Bromide

Numerous reports of anaphylactoid reaction to d-tubocurarine have appeared since 1936. Also it has been suggested that histamine released as a consequence of clinical doses of d-tubocur arine is not in sufficient quantity to evoke symptoms. We recently had experience with a case who had of severe circulatory collapse and urticarial reaction while being anesthetized with ether and d-tubocurarine. This report draws attention to the risk of administering histamine releasing drugs and references are reviewed.
Anaphylaxis* ; Ether ; Histamine ; Shock ; Tubocurarine*

The effect of pancuronium on induced hypotension by histamine and d-tubocurarine was investigated in the rabbit. The results are summarized as follows; 1) Intravenous diphenhydramine(5ug) pretreatment attenuated the arterial hypotension induced by 3ug of histamine and 30ug of d-tubocurarine. 2) Pancuronium in doses of 1ug, 3ug, 10ug and 30ug produced an attenuation of the vaso depressor action of histamine 3pg but was not does dependent and the depression rate was 20%, 25%, 24% and 49% respectively. 3) Pancuronium in dose of 0.3ug, lug, 3ug and 10ug produced to attenuate the vasode-pressor action of d-tubocurarine 30ug, which it was dose dependent attenuation of vasode-pressor action at dose from 0.3ug to 3ug and depression rate was 19%, 26%, 52% and 20% respectively.
Depression ; Histamine ; Hypotension* ; Pancuronium* ; Tubocurarine*

The effect of prior administration of d-tubocurarine on the increased intraocular pressure associated with the use of succinylcholine was studied in 30 randomely selected human subjects, who did not have cardiopulmonary or ocular disease preoperatively. Intraocular pressures were measured with Schiotz tonometer. The major findings of this study were as follows: 1) When succinylcholine was given alone, a rise from 15.5mmHg to 18.OmmHg (16.1%) was seen(p<0.05). 2) When d-tubocurarine, 3mg, was given three minutes prior to the administration of succylchin oline, 15 healthy human subjects had no significant increase in intraocular pressure(p>0.05). 3) Intrsocular pressure were significantly increased in both groups after endotracheal intubation, but the d-tubocurarine precurarization group had minimal pressure compured to the succinylcholine alonegroup(p<0.05). An intraocular pressure increase was inhibited in the d-tubocurarine precurarization group. This simple, convenient method prevents the increased intraocular pressure associated with the use of succinylcholine.
Humans ; Intraocular Pressure* ; Intubation, Intratracheal ; Succinylcholine ; Tubocurarine*

Small dose of nondepolarizing muscle relaxants are often recommended as prior medication of succinylcholine in order to avoid the elevation of intraocular pressure elicited by succinylcholine The effects of muscle relaxants on the intraocular pressure were studied in 45 human subjects. Intraocular pressure was significantly lowerd by d-tubocurarine 3 mg from 14.7 mmHg to 11.3 mmHg, and by pancuronium 0.08 mg/kg from 15.6 mmHg to 13.4 mmHg. When succinylcholine was given alone, subjects shows a mean elevation in intraocular pressure. There were no significant changes in intraocular pressure between d-tubocurarine and pancuronium given prior to succinylcholine.
Humans ; Intraocular Pressure* ; Pancuronium* ; Succinylcholine* ; Tubocurarine*

The changes of the serum calcium, sodium and potassium concentrations after use of succinylcholine, d-tubocurarine and pancuronium were compared before anesthesia with during anesthesia in 60 surgical patients. In succinylcholine administration group, potassium concentration was significantly increased at 20 and 30 minutes and calcium concentration was slightly decreased at 10, 20 and 30 minutes and sodium concentration was decreased at 10 minutes and increased at 20minutes slightly. In d-tubocurarine administration group, sodium concentration was significantly decreased at 10 and 20 minutes, but calcium and potassium concentration were not changed during anesthesia. In pancuronium administration group, clacium, sodium and potassium concentration were not cahgnes during anesthesia.
Anesthesia ; Calcium ; Humans ; Pancuronium ; Potassium ; Sodium ; Succinylcholine ; Tubocurarine

Succinylcholine (1.5mg/kg) without pretreatment, or succinylcholine (1.5mg/kg) with pretreatment by vecuronium (0.015 mg/kg, 0.045 mg/kg, 0.15 mg/kg) or d-tubocurarine (0.1 mg/kg, 0. 3 mg/ kg, 1mg/kg) was given to cats of the same genus (body weight 2.5-3.5kg) under subcutaneous urethane anesthesia to determine the effect of the intracrainal pressure increase in each method. The results are summarized as follows: 1) The intracranial pressure was significantly increased (0.005< p< 0.01)with the administration of succinylcholine(1.5mg/kg). 2)The intracranial pressure was not increased with the administration of vecuronium. 3)As the dosage of d-tubocuraine administration increased, the intracranial pressure was increased. 4)The increase of the intracranial pressure by succinylcholine was depressed dose-dependently by vecuronium pretreament. 5)The increase of the intracranial pressure by succinylcholine was depressed by d-tubocurarine(0.3mg/kg)pretreatment.
Anesthesia ; Animals ; Cats* ; Intracranial Pressure* ; Succinylcholine* ; Tubocurarine ; Urethane ; Vecuronium Bromide

Subparalyzing dose of nodepolarizing relaxants prior to injection of succinylcholine has been used to prevent various adverse effects induced after succinylcholine. For investigating interactions between succinylcholine and small doses of four non-depolar-izing agents, the 112 subjects that were ASA class 1-2 and no existing neuromuscular conduction system disorder were divided into 5 groups that were control group(only succinylcholine 1 mg/kg) and pretreated group d-tubocurarine 0.5 mg/kg, atracurium 0.08 mg/kg, vecuronium 0.01 mg/kg and pancuronium 0.01 mg/kg. In each group, the plasma concentration of K+ and PChE before and after use of succinylcholine, fasciculation, onset and recovery time of succinylcholine block and intubating conditon were observed. The results are as follows; In the pretreated group, there were no significant changes of plasma concentration of K+ and plasma cholinesterase(Table 3) but diminished the incidence of fascieulation, delayed the onset time and shorted the recovery time of succinylcholine block(Table 4), and worse in intubating condition(Table 5) except pancuronium treated group. It was concluded that these seem to make worse condition of intubation, while small doses of nondepolarizing muscle relaxants except pancuronium antagonize depolarizing muscle relaxant.
Atracurium ; Fasciculation ; Incidence ; Intubation ; Pancuronium ; Plasma ; Succinylcholine* ; Tubocurarine ; Vecuronium Bromide

Subparalyzing dose of nodepolarizing relaxants prior to injection of succinylcholine has been used to prevent various adverse effects induced after succinylcholine. For investigating interactions between succinylcholine and small doses of four non-depolar-izing agents, the 112 subjects that were ASA class 1-2 and no existing neuromuscular conduction system disorder were divided into 5 groups that were control group(only succinylcholine 1 mg/kg) and pretreated group d-tubocurarine 0.5 mg/kg, atracurium 0.08 mg/kg, vecuronium 0.01 mg/kg and pancuronium 0.01 mg/kg. In each group, the plasma concentration of K+ and PChE before and after use of succinylcholine, fasciculation, onset and recovery time of succinylcholine block and intubating conditon were observed. The results are as follows; In the pretreated group, there were no significant changes of plasma concentration of K+ and plasma cholinesterase(Table 3) but diminished the incidence of fascieulation, delayed the onset time and shorted the recovery time of succinylcholine block(Table 4), and worse in intubating condition(Table 5) except pancuronium treated group. It was concluded that these seem to make worse condition of intubation, while small doses of nondepolarizing muscle relaxants except pancuronium antagonize depolarizing muscle relaxant.
Atracurium ; Fasciculation ; Incidence ; Intubation ; Pancuronium ; Plasma ; Succinylcholine* ; Tubocurarine ; Vecuronium Bromide

An attempt was made to correlate the incidence of muscle pain following the administration of succinyIcholine and its prevention by prior administration of gallamine or d-tubocurarine. The overall incidence of pain after use of succinylcholine was 29 per cent. The prior injection of d-tubocurarine (0. 05 mg/kg) or gallamine (0. 3 mg/kg) completely pervented the muscle pain. It is presumed that d-tubocurarine or gallamine protects the patients from muscle pain by preventing a portion of the injected succinylcholine from depolarizing the muscle fibers.
Clinical Study* ; Gallamine Triethiodide ; Humans ; Incidence ; Myalgia ; Succinylcholine* ; Tubocurarine