The present study sought to investigate the anti-inflammation and immunoloregulation effect of 17 Guizhi Fuling capsule ingredients. The anti-inflammatory ingredients on LPS-induced RAW264. 7 cell injury were assessed with ELISA and immunofluorescence. The release of IL-1β, TNF-α, PGE2 were detected with ELISA and the expression of COX-2 was detected with immunofluorescence. The effects of them on promoting splenic lymphocyte proliferation were assessed with MTT and Hoechst 33342 staining method. The results showed that 15 ingredients had obviously anti-inflammatory activity on LPS- induced injury and play the immunoloregulation roles. This study suggested that the 15 ingredients may be the active ingredients on pelvic infection.
Animals ; Anti-Inflammatory Agents ; pharmacology ; Capsules ; pharmacology ; Cyclooxygenase 2 ; immunology ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; administration & dosage ; Immunologic Factors ; pharmacology ; Inflammation ; drug therapy ; Interleukin-1beta ; immunology ; Macrophages ; drug effects ; enzymology ; immunology ; Male ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred BALB C ; Spleen ; cytology ; drug effects ; immunology ; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha ; immunology

Guizhi Fuling capsule is a traditional Chinese medicine composed of five kinds of medicinal plants, Cinnamomi Ramulus, Poria, Moutan Cortex, Persicae Semen, and Paeoniae Radix Alba. Pharmacology studies have shown that Guizhi Fuling capsule has many activities: anti-inflammatory, analgesic, anti-tumor, regulating smooth muscle, endocrine regulation and enhancing immunity. It achieved obvious effects in the treatment of uterine fibroids, pelvic inflammatory disease, dysmenorrheal, endometriosis, ovarian cysts, breast hyperplasia and other gynecological diseases. This paper reviewed the main progress on studies of pharmacological activities and clinical applications of Guizhi Fuling capsule in recent years.
Capsules ; administration & dosage ; Clinical Trials as Topic ; Drug Therapy ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; administration & dosage ; Humans

OBJECTIVETo investigate the value of QT hysteresis index during treadmill exercise test (TET) in diagnosing coronary heart disease (CHD).

METHODSOne hundred consecutive patients suspected for CHD were referred for TET and selective coronary angiography (CAG). Patients were divided into positive [n = 55, age (56.0 ± 7.9) years] and negative [n = 45, age (53.2 ± 6.7) years] group based on their CAG results. For each TET recording, 50 points were selected for the RR, QTp, and QTe interval measurements. QTp and QTe interval was plotted against corresponding RR interval. QT/RR curve was constructed by connect all point, QT hysteresis index was calculated for each patient.

RESULTSThe QTp [(22.4 ± 10.3) ms vs. (6.7 ± 4.6) ms, P < 0.001] and QTe [(27.1 ± 11.1) ms vs. (7.6 ± 4.6) ms, P < 0.001] hysteresis index of patients in positive group were significantly higher than those in negative group. The sensitivity of QTp and QTe hysteresis index for diagnosing CHD was 89.1% (49/55) and 94.5% (52/55), respectively, and the specificity was 82.2% (37/45) and 80.0% (36/45), respectively. If the patient fulfilled both the classical TET and QT hysteresis criteria, the sensitivity for diagnosing CHD increased to 94.3% (33/35, QTp) and 94.6% (35/37, QTe), and the specificity were both 100% (26/26, 26/26). Moreover, QTp (r = -0.399, P < 0.001) and QTe (r = -0.547, P < 0.001) hysteresis index highly correlated to Duke treadmill score.

CONCLUSIONQT hysteresis index is useful parameter for CHD diagnosis and which could improve the diagnostic value of TET for CHD in combination with the classical TET criteria for diagnosis of CHD.

Adult ; Aged ; Coronary Disease ; diagnosis ; physiopathology ; Electrocardiography ; methods ; Exercise Test ; Female ; Heart Rate ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Sensitivity and Specificity

In 2012, the preparation process and quality standard for Guizhi Fuling capsule were improved. To compare the effects and differences of capsules before (2011) and after(2012-2014) the improvement, evaluation models for intrinsic dysmenorrhea, pelvic inflammation and hysteromyoma were applied in rats. Models were induced by oxytocin, liqiud bacteria mixture and estrogen loading, respectively. The capsules (12 batchs/year, 48 bathcs in all), sampled randomly in 2011-2014, the effects were assessed using the three models. In anti-dysmenorrhea models, remarked reduction of writhing frequency, ET-1 and PGF2α content in uterus could be detected, as well as extension of writhing latency. In pelvic inflammation rats, depression of TNF-α and raise of IL-2 were induced by earh batch of capsules. In hysteromyoma model, uterine weight and smooth muscle proliferation, including E2 and P level in plasma, were lowered obviously by all batchs of capsules. Secondly, Guizhi Fuling capsules produced in 2012-2014 revealed better effectiveness than the ones manufactured in 2011. Moreover, pharmacodynamics indexes of the samples made in 2011 differed significantly between groups, which could not be observed in the ones ot 2012-2014. After tne preparation process and quality standard improvement, the effectiveness and homogeneity of Guizhi Fuling capsules were enhanced.
Animals ; Capsules ; administration & dosage ; chemistry ; standards ; Depression ; drug therapy ; genetics ; metabolism ; Dinoprost ; metabolism ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; administration & dosage ; chemistry ; standards ; Dysmenorrhea ; drug therapy ; genetics ; metabolism ; Female ; Humans ; Interleukin-2 ; genetics ; metabolism ; Pelvic Inflammatory Disease ; drug therapy ; genetics ; metabolism ; Quality Improvement ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha ; genetics ; metabolism

OBJECTIVEThe purpose of this study was to clone and analyze mutation in the eda-A1 gene for hypohidrotic ectodermal dysplasia (HED), and to construct a new recombined eukaryotic expression vector (mutant M, wild W) as a basis for further study on the genetic function.

METHODSAfter total mRNA was extracted from peripheral blood lymphocytes from the HED affect patient and control, eda-A1 gene was amplified by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) with a pair of specific primers containing the constriction enzyme sites of BamH I and Hind III. When the vector pcDNA3.1(-) and eda-A1 (M/W) were digested by BamH I and Hind III respectively, eda-A1 (M/W) fragment was then ligated to vector pcDNA3.1 (-) and the new vector was named as pcDNA3.1 (-)-eda-A1-M/W.

RESULTSeda-A1 gene was successfully cloned and a novel missence mutation was identified, which changes the codon 306 from glutamine to proline. PCR, restrictive endonuclease analysis and DNA sequencing were then performed to identify the recombinant eukaryotic expression vector pcDNA3.1 (-)-eda-A1-M/W, and the results were surely confirmed.

CONCLUSIONOur result indicates that the novel missense mutation in eda is associated with the isolated tooth agenesis and provide preliminary explanation for the abnormal clinical phenotype at a molecular structural level. And also, the recombinant eukaryotic expression vector pcDNA3.1 (-)-eda-A1-M/W was successfully constructed, which will be thereafter taken use of further study on eda gene in odontogenesis.

Ectodermal Dysplasia 1, Anhidrotic ; Genetic Vectors ; Humans ; Mutation ; Odontogenesis ; RNA, Messenger ; Sequence Analysis, DNA

In this study, the active components and potential molecular .mechanism of Guizhi Fuling formula in treatment on dysmenorrhea, pelvic inflammation, and hysteromyoma were investigated using network pharmacological methods. Sterols and pentacyclic triterpenes, with high moleculal network degree, revealed promising effects on anti-inflammatory, analgesic, anti-tumor, and immune-regulation, according to D-T network analysis. On the other hand, the targets with high degree were involved in inflammatory, coagulation, angiopoiesis, smooth muscle contraction, and cell reproduction, which showed the novel function in anti-dysmenorrhea, pelvic inflammation, and hysteromyoma. Furthermore, the formula was indicated to play a key role in smooth muscle proliferation, inhibition of new vessels, circulation improvement, reduction of hormone secretion, alleviation of smooth muscle, block of arachidonic acid metabolism, and inflammation in uterus. Thus, the main mechanism of Guizhi Fuling formula was summarized. In conclusion, Guizhi Fuling formula was proven to alleviated dysmenorrhea, pelvic inflammation, and hysteromyoma by acting on multiple targets through several bioactive compounds, regulating 21 biological pathways.
Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; therapeutic use ; Dysmenorrhea ; drug therapy ; genetics ; metabolism ; Female ; Gene Regulatory Networks ; drug effects ; Humans ; Leiomyoma ; drug therapy ; genetics ; metabolism ; Pelvic Inflammatory Disease ; drug therapy ; genetics ; metabolism

AIM To explore analgesic mechanism of Yaobitong Capsules (Notoginseng Radix et Rhizoma,Chuanxiong Rhizoma,Corydalis Rhizoma,etc.) on lumbar intervertebral discs.METHODS An array of data mining,molecular docking and network analysis were employed to investigate the active compounds and key target protein.RESULTS Among the forty-six active hits identified by virtual screening,most compounds displayed good oral bioavailability and might confer an optimal CNS exposure.And eleven molecules (coptisine,diligustilide,corypalmine,chuanxiongterpene,etc.) were further confirmed to alleviate lumbar intervertebral discs through their targeting at nineteen proteins (such as p38,CGRP,MMPs,TNFα) to inhibit the inflammatory response and the infiltration of microvasculature,to reduce the nociceptors sensitivity,and to modulate the balance of Collagen and proteoglycans in catabolic and anabolic responses.CONCLUSION Yaobitong Capsules' clear molecular working mechanism and the key active compounds are revealed by this network-assisted investigation highlight the subsequent experiments on targets and active compounds.

Objective To study the effect of Phenobarbital (PB) on experimental rats,observe the histological changes of immature brain and the expressions of apoptosis-related proteins Bcl-2 and Bax in neurons detected by immunohistochemistry,and to explore the influence and mechanism of PB on brain damage at therapeutic levels to immature brain maturation of rat in order to provide the theoretical and experimental base for clinic.Methods A total of 40 healthy 18-day-old Sprague-Dawley(SD) rats (male or female) were randomly assigned into 2 groups:normal saline (NS) treated as control group(20 cases),PB group(20 cases).Each group was further randomly divided into longterm(4 weeks) treated group and short-term(2 weeks) treated group(10 rats in each group).The rats in PB group received intragastricadministration with PB (30 mg/kg).The rats in control group were handled by injection of NS into stomach and abdomen according to 4 mL/kg.All performances were undertaken for twice every day.At the end of the therapeutic period,body and brain weight were measured when the rats were sacrificed.Histological studies on the tissues of frontal lobes and hippocampus were performed by Hematoxylin-Eosin(HE) staining and Nissl staining.Expressions of apoptosis-related proteins Bcl-2 and Bax in neurons were detected by immunohistochemistry.Results There were no significant differences in body and brain weights or histological studies index among control group as well as PB group before and after treatment for short term(P ＞0.05).Remarkable reduction of brain weight was only observed in immature rats exposed to PB compared to control group for long period,and significant neurodegeneration,neuronal necrosis were observed in immature rats exposed to PB compared to control group(all P ＜ 0.01).The expression of Bax protein in the frontal lobe increased significantly in immature rats receiving PB for long period comparing with control (P＜0.01).In contrast,expression of Bcl-2 protein did not change at therapeutic level.The ratio of Bax/Bcl-2 was obviously increased.Conclusions Chronic treatment with PB will result in significant neuronal apoptosis and necrosis and persistent cognitive impairment and brain damage to immature rates.Brain damage of PB at therapeutic level to immature brain may be irreversible.The significant expression of Bax protein in the frontal lobe and the high rate of Bax/Bcl-2 are probably the main reasons which cause brain weight decreasing and brain damage by PB in immature brain tissue.

BACKGROUND: Umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (UC-MSCs) are a group of cells that have self-renewal, highly proliferative and multidrug differentiation potential. The properties of UC-MSCs and their tumor tropism make them an ideal tool for glioma cell therapy. These cells can act by paracrine or as a delivery system for genes and drugs. It has been demonstrated that UC-MSCs can inhibit the growth of glioma and improve the survival after transplantation into the brain. OBJECTIVE: To summarize the molecular mechanisms and safety of UC-MSCs in the treatment of glioma and to provide a useful reference for further research. METHODS: We searched the PubMed and CNKI databases from 2000 to 2017 with the English terms of "glioma; umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells" and the Chinese terms of "glioma; umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells; safety; molecular mechanism". Based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria, 55 articles were finally reserved for review. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: UC-MSCs have obvious effect on treating glioma. These cells can treat glioma through homing mechanism and paracrine mechanism as gene carrier and co-culture. Moreover, UC-MSCs have certain safety in the treatment of glioma.

PURPOSE: Urosepsis in adults comprises approximately 25% of all sepsis cases, and is due to complicated urinary tract infections in most cases. However, its mechanism is not fully clarified. Urosepsis is a very complicated disease with no effective strategy for early diagnosis and treatment. This study aimed to identify possible target-related proteins involved in urosepsis using proteomics and establish possible networks using bioinformatics. METHODS: Fifty patients admitted to the Urology Unit of Lanzhou General PLA (Lanzhou, China), from October 2012 to October 2015, were enrolled in this study. The patients were further divided into shock and matched-pair non-shock groups. 2-DE technique, mass spectrometry and database search were used to detect differentially expressed proteins in serum from the two groups. RESULTS: Six proteins were found at higher levels in the shock group compared with non-shock individuals, including serum amyloid A-1 protein (SAA1), apolipoprotein L1 (APOL1), ceruloplasmin (CP), haptoglobin (HP), antithrombin-III (SERPINC1) and prothrombin (F2), while three proteins showed lower levels, including serotransferrin (TF), transthyretin (TTR) and alpha-2-macroglobulin (A2M). CONCLUSION Nine proteins were differentially expressed between uroseptic patients (non-shock groups) and severe uroseptic patients (shock groups), compared with non-shock groups, serum SAA1, APOL1,CP, HP, SERPINC1and F2 at higher levels, while TF, TTR and A2M at lower levels in shock groups.these proteins were mainly involved in platelet activation, signaling and aggregation, acute phase protein pathway, lipid homeostasis, and iron ion transport, deserve further research as potential candidates for early diagnosis and treatment. (The conclusion seems too simple and vague, please re-write it. You may focus at what proteins have been expressed and introduce more detail about its significance.).
Adult ; Aged ; Antithrombin III ; Apolipoprotein L1 ; blood ; Ceruloplasmin ; Female ; Haptoglobins ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Prealbumin ; Pregnancy-Associated alpha 2-Macroglobulins ; Proteomics ; Prothrombin ; Sepsis ; blood ; diagnosis ; etiology ; genetics ; Serum Amyloid A Protein ; Transferrin ; Urinary Tract Infections ; complications