Background:Respiratory infection is a disease which the incidence and mortality rank highest among children diseases under 5 years old. The reasons caused respiratory infection are virus, bacterium and parasite. H.Influenzae, St.pneumoniae and M.Cataralis are the main reason leading to respiratory infection. Objectives:This study aims to research on the efficacy of Bronchovaxom in reducing the rate of acute respiratory infection in children. Subjects and method:A descriptive, prospective and cohort study was conducted on 60 patients was used Bronchovaxom for two times with the 6 months of interval in the National Hospital for Pediatric from January 2006 to September 2007. Results:Among the first selection 60 children, 15 children stopped to participate in the study. The age ranged from 32 months to 88 months, the mean age was 55.4 months. Male was 30 (66.7%); female was 15 ( 33.3%). 100% were injected vaccination. There was a clear reduction in the incidence. The frequency of antibiotic use was also reduced. In particular, increased level of IgA in the patient's saliva following treatment with Bronchovaxom. Conclusion:There was a significantly statistical difference on the times of acute recurrentrespiratory infection in one year on the same patient before and after using Bronchovaxom.
Respiratory Tract Infections/ pathology ; therapy

Background: Avian influenza (AI) is a contagious disease that causes illness and death in poultry and humans. High pathogenicity AI (HPAI) H5N6 outbreaks commonly occur in Quang Ninh province bordering China. In June 2021, the first HPAI H5N8 outbreak occurred at a Quang Ninh chicken farm. Objectives: This study examined the risk factors associated with HPAI H5N6 and H5N8 outbreaks in Quang Ninh. Methods: A retrospective case-control study was conducted in Quang Ninh from Nov 2021 to Jan 2022. The cases were households with susceptible poultry with two or more clinical signs and tested positive by real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction. The controls were households in the same village as the cases but did not show clinical symptoms of the disease. Logistic regression models were constructed to assess the risk factors associated with HPAI outbreaks at the household level. Results: There were 38 cases with H5N6 clade 2.3.4.4h viruses (n = 35) and H5N8 clade 2.3.4.4b viruses (n = 3). Compared to the 112 controls, raising poultry in uncovered or partially covered ponds (odds ratio [OR], 7.52; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.44–39.27), poultry traders visiting the farm (OR, 8.66; 95% CI, 2.7–27.69), farms with 50–2,000 birds (OR, 3.00; 95% CI, 1.06–8-51), and farms with ≥ 2,000 birds (OR, 11.35; 95% CI, 3.07–41.94) were significantly associated with HPAI outbreaks. Conclusions Combining biosecurity measures, such as restricting visitor entry and vaccination in farms with more than 50 birds, can enhance the control and prevention of HPAI in Quang Ninh and its spread across borders.