A study aimed at identifying the common microbe and their changes and sensitivities to antibiotics. The antibiogram was implemented in 91 burned patients (male: 70) with average ages 0f 31, average burn area of 24.9% in the national institute of burn. The study found that the rate of patients had P. aeruginosa, enterobacter and S. aureus in burned region was 28%, 16% and 15,4%, respectively. The microbial sensitivity was highest within 7-10 days of burn. The rate of resistance to common antibiotics of these microbial was high. These microbial had sensitivity to cephalosporin class III, Amikacin and Nofloxacin.
burns ; Infection ; Calcium Hydroxide

Maduxin ointment is extracted from the leaves and seeds of the Madhuca pasquieri H.J. Lam, Sapotaceae family and has been applied in burn treatment in Vietnam since 1987. We studied the effects of Maduxin at slaked lime burn wounds - a frequent type of burn in Viet nam - in comparison with effect of silversulfadiazine in burn treatment. Our study was carried out on 94 slaked lime burn patients who were treated at the Viet nam National Institute of Burn from Nov. 1994 to Oct. 1997. The results showed that Maduxin ointment transferred wet eschar to dry eschar, shortened the treatment of III- leveled burn to 17,8 days from 19,5 days in the control group. After 2 weeks of treatment, Maduxin limited the appearance of P.aeruginosa and S. aureus, reduced the number of microbacteria in the surface of the wounds to the similar number of that in the control group. The number of fibrocytes, fibroblasts in the burn wounds treated with Maduxin ointment increased significantly after 14 days and the mucopolysaccharide was created after 7- 15 days at a higher level than that in the control group.
ointments ; burns

Maduxin ointment is extracted from leaves and seeds of the Madhuca pasquieri H. J. Lam, Sapotaceae family and has been applied in burn treatment in Vietnam since 1987. We studied the effects of Maduxin at slaked lime burn wounds - a frequent type of burn in Vietnam - in comparison with the effect of sliversulfadiazin in burn treatment. Our study was carried out on 91 slaked lime burn patients who were treated at the Vietnam National Institute of Burn from November 1994 to October 1997. The results showed that Maduxin ointment transferred wet eschar to dry eschar shortened the treatment of III - level burn to 17.8 days from 19.50days in the control group. After 2 weeks of treatment, Maduxin limited the appearance of P. aeruginosa and S. aureus, reduced the number of microbacteria in the surface of the wounds to the similar number of that in the control group. The number of fibrocytes, fibroblastes in the burn wounds treated with Maduxin ointment increased significantly after 14 days and the mucopolysaccharide was created after 7-15 days at a higher level than that in the control group.
burns ; therapeutics

A study on 103 patients with burn due to hot slake lime, ages of 16-65 in the national institute of burn during 1994-1997 has shown that calcium hydroxide can permeat deeply in to the burn region (calcium concentration in burn fluid and burn tissues). Burn occurred frequently in the lower limbs with complex of deep and surface burn, severe edema and wetting necrosis. P. aeruginosa was main cause of septicemia. The clinical progress of patients with burn area of 40% and deep burn area of 6% were typically.
burns ; diagnosis

Maduxin ointment is totally extracts from the leaves of the Maduca pasquieri and has been applied in burn treatment in Vietnam since 1987. We studied the effects of Maduxin on the collagenization at burn wounds by following up the changes of OH-Pro content at slaked lime burn wounds - a popular type of burn in Vietnam in comparison with the effects of SSD in burn treatment. Our study was carried out in 21 slaked lime burn patients who were treated at the Vietnam Burn Institute from May to September 1997. The results indicated that OH-Pro concentration increases related to collagen synthesis during the burn wound healing. In the slaked lime burn wounds treated by Maduxin OH-Pro level in burn tissue increases more than in the wounds treated by Silvesufadiazin during the healing.
Hydroxyproline ; Therapeutics

Prospective study , include 49 patients with 54 sessions were treated by the ligation method combined with endoscopic sclerotherapy in the bleeding due to esophageal variceal rupture since 3/1999-3/2002, in Binh Dan hospital. Results: 92.6% patients were moderate and severe bleeding; 100% patients have varices grade II and grade III; 89% seeing signs of severe bleeding at endoscopy; the hemostate effect in initial 48 hours is 100% with the average quantity of elastic band: 2.7 ± 0.8 and the average volume of sclerosant: 34 ± 8ml polidocanol 1%. This is a therapeutic method that have good hemostasis efficacy and safety method to patients in emergency
Esophageal and Gastric Varices ; Sclerotherapy ; Emergencies ; Therapeutics ; Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage ; Rupture

Background: Ha Vi poultry market is a concentrated and spontaneous poultry business place. Ensuring environmental hygiene is not respected.\r\n', u'Objectives: To evaluate infectious situation of airborne fungi at a poultry market\r\n', u'Subjects and methods: From 10/2006 to 9/2007 a survey on the profile of airborne fungi was carried out at the Havi poultry - market. Total fungal spores averaged at 2.753 \xb1 576 cfu/m3, the highest sample is 7.120 cfu/m3\u2022 More than 10 different fungi were isolated. \r\n', u'Results: The common fungi are Cladosporium (30.13%), Penicillium (26.86%), Aspergillus (20.97%, composed of A.niger, A fumigatus, A.jlavus, A.clavatus ...), Fusarium (8.15%), some rare fungi (Rhizopus, Rhizomucor, Mucor, Alternaria, Curvularia, Absidia, Bipolaris ... ) 13.89%. The concentration of airborne fungi at the market was higher than at distance of 300 and 1000 m. The concentrations of total fungi and of each species are affected by some meteorological factors: they were higher in the end of spring, early of summer and autumn, lowest in the winter. The concentrations of Cladosporium, Penicillium were found to be positive correlate with humidity, Aspergillus, Fusarium with temperature. \r\n', u'Conclusion: It is necessary to propose the methods that can reduce influence of airborne fungi pollution to health of people \r\n', u'
Airborne fungi ; Cladosporium ; Penicillium ; Aspergillus ; Fusarium.

Background: In recent years, there has been an increase in reports of perioral vascular complications resulting from filler injections, such as necrosis of the lip or alar rim, occlusion, and in severe cases, blindness. Conversely, the use of perioral arterial flaps is becoming more prevalent in the treatment of cleft lips, cancer, and trauma. A thorough understanding of perioral arteries is essential to minimize complications and maximize the success of these flaps. However, the course of the facial artery (FA) in the perioral region remains incompletely understood. The aim of this study was to describe the variations of the FA in the perioral region. Methods: We dissected 52 embalmed and formaldehyde-fixed Vietnamese cadavers. We then studied the size and distribution of perioral arteries in 102 specimens. Results: The superior labial artery (SLA) was the most common branch, occurring in 87.25% of cadavers, followed by the inferior labial artery (ILA) at 78.43%. The SLA primarily originated above the mouth corner (cheilion), accounting for 91.01% of cases, and predominantly exhibited a tortuous course within the submucosa (78.65%). The ILA’s branching pattern varied, but it was primarily located below the cheilion (91.25%). The ILA also followed a twisted path, generally within the submucosa. The ILA exhibited two patterns: the typical pattern, distributed at the vermilion border of the lower lip (8.82%), and the horizontal labiomental artery pattern, which ran horizontally in the middle of the lower lip area (69.61%). At their origin, the SLA and ILA had average external diameters of 1.29 mm and 1.28 mm, respectively. Conclusion Numerous anatomical variations in the FA in the perioral region were found. A detailed anatomic description, suggested landmarks, and angiography before the procedure will be useful to help doctors avoid complications.

Background: The facial artery is an important blood vessel responsible for supplying the anterior face. Understanding the branching patterns of the facial artery plays a crucial role in various medical specialties such as plastic surgery, dermatology, and oncology. This knowledge contributes to improving the success rate of facial reconstruction and aesthetic procedures. However, debate continues regarding the classification of facial artery branching patterns in the existing literature. Methods: We conducted a comprehensive anatomical study, in which we dissected 102 facial arteries from 52 embalmed and formaldehyde-fixed Vietnamese cadavers at the Anatomy Department, University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam. Results: Our investigation revealed eight distinct termination points and identified 35 combinations of branching patterns, including seven arterial branching patterns. These termination points included the inferior labial artery, superior labial artery, inferior alar artery, lateral nasal artery, angular artery typical, angular artery running along the lower border of the orbicularis oculi muscle, forehead branch, duplex, and short course (hypoplastic). Notably, the branching patterns of the facial artery displayed marked asymmetry between the left and right sides within the same cadaver. Conclusion The considerable variation observed in the branching pattern and termination points of the facial artery makes it challenging to establish a definitive classification system for this vessel. Therefore, it is imperative to develop an anatomical map summarizing the major measurements and geometric features of the facial artery. Surgeons and medical professionals involved in facial surgery and procedures must consider the detailed anatomy and relative positioning of the facial artery to minimize the risk of unexpected complications.

Background: Common variants in the fat mass and obesity-related transcript (FTO) gene are related to body mass index and obesity, suggesting its potential association with bone mineral density (BMD) and fracture risk. This study sought to define the association between FTO gene variants and the following phenotypes: (1) BMD; (2) bone loss; and (3) fracture risk. Methods: This analysis was based on the Dubbo Osteoporosis Epidemiology Study that included 1,277 postmenopausal women aged ≥60 years living in Dubbo, Australia. BMD at the femoral neck and lumbar spine was measured biennially by dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (GE Lunar). Fractures were radiologically ascertained. Six single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs; rs1421085, rs1558902, rs1121980, rs17817449, rs9939609, and rs9930506) of the FTO gene were genotyped using TaqMan assay. Results: Women homozygous for the minor allele (GG) of rs9930506 had a significantly higher risk of hip fracture (adjusted hazard ratio, 1.93; 95% confidence interval, 1.15–3.23) than those homozygous for the major allele (AA) after adjusting for potential confounding effects. Similar associations were also observed for the minor allele of rs1121980. However, there was no significant association between the FTO SNPs and BMD or the rate of bone loss. Conclusions Common variations in the FTO gene are associated with a hip fracture risk in women, and the association is not mediated through BMD or bone loss.