In pathopsychology, one branch of mental analysis, recently we are using qualitative analyzing methods for mental phenomena. But improvement of professional methods of study, generalization of the new computer based technology, children’s psychology assessment and many other problems are becoming an urgent issue in this field.Our study involved 45 children from orphanage and the High School Personality Questionnaire (HSPQ) computer based questionnaire is used to measure the personality characteristics of orphan children. Spielberg-Hanin test is used to reveal anxiety. Study is analyzed by SPSS program.In total, 45 children (age from 9 to 18), 22 boys and 23 girls participated in our survey. 8.9% of them measured as a high intelligence, 91.1% measured as a lower and an average intelligence. Interestingly, 60% of children were good at controlling their emotions and behavior. Thus 55.6%had symptoms of flexible mind, imagining and probability of affect illness. Having more stress is due to introverted preference and self-blaming, also a feeling of self-blaming is due to not being bold. 51.1% of them assessed that they have dependent, emulative personality and submissive behavior which was very considerably. The anxiety of condition was high in 34.1% of children andlow in 12.2% of them, thus anxiety of individual was high in 36.6% and low in 7.3% of children. Therefore, it’s essential to help orphan children and consider reducing anxiety and improving their self-independence.

INTRODUCTION:The Government of Mongolia pays significant attention to reduce noncommunicable diseases and theirrisk factors. WHO Global strategy to reduce salt intake recommended to Member States to assessknowledge, attitude and practice (KAP) of the population on salt intake.GOAL:To determine KAP on salt intake was explored in relation to geographical location and its challenges.MATERIALS AND METHODS:This is a cross-sectional study that included 1,040 people with age range 25 - 64 years. The participantswere randomly selected from the four economic regions - western, khangai, central and eastern regions,and Ulaanbaatar city of Mongolia. The ethical aspect of the study was reviewed and approved at ameeting of the Ethics Review Committee in the medical sector at the Ministry of health, Mongolia onJuly 8, 2012 by Resolution number 14.RESULTS:The population with no knowledge of high salt content foods was 23.5% in the western region, 18.9%was in the khangai region, 16.2% was in the central region, 22.0% was in the eastern region, and15.0% was in Ulaanbaatar (ð<0.000). The participants that think a high salt diet and foods do not causehealth problems were higher in the western region 15.8%, and participants who do not know whether itcauses health problems were higher in the eastern region 11.2% compared to other regions (p<0.001).The study population from the central region and males from eastern region did not aware the negativeconsequences of salty meal/foods towards developing stomach cancer (p<0.001).Percentage of population who drink salty tea was 84.4% in the western region, 90.7% were in thekhangai region, 23.4% were in the central region, and 11.0% were in the eastern region, and 44.8%were in Ulaanbaatar (p<0.000).CONCLUSION:Salt reduction intervention especially interventions on changing attitude should be conducted aftertaking account the specific differences of the local areas.

Study objective is to determine the mean systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DPB), prevalence of hypertension (HTN), treatment status, and respective trends in Mongolian population during 2005-2009.Two independent cross-sectional population-based surveys were carried out in 2005 and 2009 to monitor cardiovascular risk factors in men and women aged 15-64 years. The surveys were conducted according to the WHO STEP wise approach.

Background: Specifically, stomach cancer ranks as the fifth leading cause of cancer morbidity and mortality worldwide. Early-stage detection significantly improves survival rates, with over 90% of patients diagnosed at stages I and II living beyond five years. To improve the early detection of gastric cancer, it is necessary to complement the conventional method of endoscopic examination with biomarker analysis. We aimed to compare biomarkers such as pepsinogen C (PGC), matrix metalloproteinase 2 (MMP2), matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP9), and the cell proliferation marker Ki-67 with immunohistochemical analysis. Purpose: A comparative study and evaluation of biomarkers for the early detection of gastric cancer. Materials and Methods: The study was conducted using a retrospective cohort design. Research ethics issues were discussed at the meeting of the Medical Ethics Control Committee of the Ministry of Health on October 13, 2023, and permission to start the research was obtained (Resolution No. 23/051). The information was gathered based on the criteria for K29.3, K29.4, K31, and C1 diagnoses according to the international ICD 10 classification, and participants were selected accordingly. Proteins such as PGC, MMP2, MMP9, and Ki-67 were examined using a tissue microarray kit and evaluated through immunohistochemical analysis. Results: Negative gastric tumor markers PGC, Ki-67, MMP2 and MMP9 were evaluated by immunohistochemical analysis. The mean PGC protein staining values were 6.20±2.61 for chronic superficial gastritis, 5.45±2.47 for atrophic gastritis, 3.61±2.0 for metaplasia, and 3.31±1.75 for gastric cancer, with statistically significant differences between the groups (P<0.001). The mean Ki-67 protein staining values were 0.1 ± 0.4 for chronic superficial gastritis, 0.33 ± 0.55 for atrophic gastritis, 0.09 ± 0.39 for metaplasia, and 2.62 ± 0.78 for gastric cancer, also showing statistically significant differences (P<0.001). The mean MMP2 and MMP9 protein staining values were 0.2±0.76 and 1.2±2.04, respectively, for chronic superficial gastritis; 0.28±0.52 and 3.28±2.82 for atrophic gastritis; 0.35±1.04 and 1.12±1.45 for metaplasia; and 1.38±2.11 and 5.29±2.51 for gastric cancer, with all differences being statistically significant (P<0.001). Conclusion PGC protein, a negative tumor marker, decreases during the transition from a gastric cancer precursor to cancer. MMP2 protein, a marker of cell migration and metastasis, has little diagnostic value, while the expression of MMP9 and the Ki 67 are highly effective in gastric cancer. Immunohistochemical analysis of endoscopic biopsy tissue to detect the negative tumor marker PGC, the positive marker Ki-67, and MMP9 can be used for early detection of gastric cancer.