The result of the study of using FAB and PYG in isolation and identification of ETBF from fecal samples were as follows: FAB medium had more advantages as compared to PYG. Together with using FAB, the PCR method can differentiate and identity ETBF from the B. fragilis species. The detection limit of PCR was 103 CFU of bacteria per ml of fecal suspension. Among 27 B. fragilis trains, 66% of them were positive with primer pair GBF 201-210 by PCR. The findings showed that ETBF can be detected by culturing samples in FAB together with identification by PCR. More studies could be done for detecting ETBF from fecal samples, especially from diarrhea patients
Bacteroides fragilis ; Polymerase Chain Reaction

314 patients (177 male, 137 female) underwent endoscopy sinus surgery in Post Hospital II from February 2003 to June 2005. Results: endoscopy surgery combined to medicament in the treatment of chronic sinus had good results (86.3%) with less complications, recovered lesions and maintained physiological function of sinus mucous. Postoperative care is simple; treatment duration is short, low cost.
Sinusitis ; Surgery ; Endoscopy

Background: Enteroaggregative Esherichia coli (EAEC) is a bacterium that can cause diarrhea. Enteroaggregative Esherichia coli (EAEC) has been one of important diarrheagenic E. coli. It is necessary to evaluate the role of EAEC in causing diarrhea in children. Objectives: The purposes of this study are to determine the prevalence \r\n', u'of EAEC in children with and without diarrhea and to evaluate the clinical symptoms of diarrhea caused by EAEC. Subjects and method:These 836 children living in Hanoi including 587 children with diarrhea and 249 controls have been selected for the study. Polymerase Chain Reaction in combination with the conventional method have been used to detect EPEe.They were treated at Saint \ufffd?Paul Hospital, Thanh Nhan Hospital and National Hospital of Pediatrics. Results: EAEC strains have been detected with the prevalence of 11.6% in children with diarrhea and of 7.2% in the controls. It shows a correlation of EAEC with diarrhea in children less than 2 years of age. The common clinical symptoms of EPEC diarrhea anT watery diarrhea, sunken, vomiting. Conclusion: Enteroaggregative Esherichia coli are attributable to about 12% of diarrheal cases in children. Watery diarrhea is the most commonly seen symptom. It would be of interest to perform further studies on diarrhea caused by EAEC in children in Hanoi. \r\n', u'
Diarrhea/ pathology ; diet therapy ; Escherichia coli/ pathogenicity

Background: Aap, aggR, astA have been found to play important roles in diarrheal pathogenecity of enteroaggregative (EAEC). Objective: (1) To determine the distribution of aap, aggR, astA in EAEC. (2) To compare the distribution of aap, aggR, astA in EAEC isolated from healthy children and children with diarrhea. Subject and methods: \r\n', u'86 strains of EAEC isolated from children under 5 living in Hanoi, have been screened by PCR with specific primers. Results: Aap was found at the highest prevalence of 96.5%, aggR (79.1 %) and astA (60.5%). 37.2% of strains had all of aap, aggR and astA. None of strains was shown negative with these genes. Distributive rate of aap, aggR, astA in EAEC strains isolated from children with diarrhea was higher than EAEC strains isolated from healthy children. However, this difference was not statistically significant. Nearly 100% of the EAEC strains isolated from children with diarrhea had aap gene. The rate of aggR and astA was lower. Among children aged 0-24 months and children aged 25-60 months, distribution of these three genes was not different with statistical significance Conclusion: This finding has contributed to understanding the distribution of aap, aggR and astA of EAEC\r\n', u'\r\n', u'
Diarrhea ; Oligopeptides ; Escherichia coli Proteins

Introduction: There are 5 identified DEC including EAEC, EHEC, EIEC, EPEC and ETEe. Virulent genes (for adherrnee, toxin, antibiotic resistance ...) play important roles in pathogenesis of DEe. Detection of DEC is very important in diagnosis, epidemiology survey and vaccine development. \r\n', u'Objectives: Detection of virulent gene distribution of DEC and non - DEe.\r\n', u'Object and methods: 161 strains of DEC (EAEC, EIEC, EPEC, TEC) and 100 strains of non - DEC were subjected to this study. PCR with specific primers were used to test these genes. \r\n', u'Results: EAEC that accounted for 50% of DEC, was identified and isolated. Aap gene was the highest prevalence in EAEC (96.5%), followed by aggR (79.1 %) and astA (60.5%). 37.2% of the strains harbor all three genes. None of strains had PCR results negative for these 3 genes. ETEC, EPEC and EIEC had aap, and astA gene at the prevalence from 7% to 72.7%. The highest prevalence of aap was seen in EIEC 72.7%), aggR in EIEC (45.5%), and astA in ETEC (50%). 14% of non - DEC had aggR and more than 30% of E. coli had aap and astA gene. \r\n', u'Conclusion: EAEC is prevalent at 50% among Diarreagenic E. coli. Aap is the most prevalent and the most commonly seen among EAEC isolates. The other three genes are at different prevalence. The findings contribute towards the vaccine development against diarrhea caused by E. coli. \r\n', u'
Distribution ; Virulent gene ; E.coli

A modified TSBV medium has been prepared in Vietnam. This procedure was simple, unexpensive and easy to implement in the microbial laboratories. The medium inhibited most of microbials in the stoma and facilitated the good development of actino bacillus actinomycetem comitants
microbiology ; Stomas

200 subgingival specimens collected from 100 healthy periodontal adults of Thanhliet, Thanhtri, Hanoi, from 100 periodontitis adults of Odonto-stomatology Departments of Dongda and Thanhnhan Hospital were cultured and isolated for Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans and Capnocytophaga gingivitis. The prevalence of Aa and Cg in the periodontitis group is clearly different from that in the healthy periodontal one. The higher rate of Cg compared with the rate of Aa is found in female with periodontitis. Both Aa and Cg are sensitive to ampicillin, tetracycline, and chloramphenicole. Their sensitivity to erythromycin and sulfamethoxazole/ trimethoprime changes. Cg is resistant to amikacin. TSBV medium used for culturing and isolating Aa has improved to be suitable to Laboratories in Vietnam.
Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans ; Gingivitis

E. coli is an emerging diarrheagenic pathogen. Serotyping is important to identify bacteria and trace their epidemiology. Objectives: (1) To identify the distribution of serogroup O among 4 kinds of diarrheagenic E. coli strains isolated from children with and without diarrhea in Hanoi, Vietnam. (2)To find out the relationship between serogroup O and different diarrheagenic E. coli. Method: One hundred and sixty-two strains of diarrheagenic E. coli including 86 EAEC, 50 EPEC, 12 EIEC, and 14 ETEC have been serotyped by slide agglutination with antisera specific for O serogroups. Results: More than 60% of the strains were serotyped. Serogroup O25 was the most common with the prevalence of 16.7% followed by O15 (4.3%). The other serogroups (O127a, O128, O126, O6, and O16) were seen in very few numbers. 38.3% of E. coli strains were not serotypeable with available antisera. EAEC were the most prevalent among diarrheagenic E. coli and 25.6% of them belong to the serogroup O25. Conclusion: 60% of the diarrheagenic E. coli strains were serotyped. Serogroup 025 was the most common. The findings were very useful for assessing the distribution of serogroups of diarrheagenic E. coli and will be useful for future vaccine development.
Diarrhea, Escherichia coli, Child

Background: aaP, aggR, and astA have been found to play important roles in diarrheal pathogenecity of EAEC. They may be exist in other diarrheagenic E.coli (DEC). Objectives: To determine the distribution of aaP, aggR, and astA in ETEC, EPEC, EIEC and non-diarrheagenic E.coli. Subjects and method: 75 strains of ETEC, EPEC, EIEC and 100 non-DEC have been screen by PCR with primers specific toaaP, aggR, and astA. Results: aaP, aggR, and astA have been seen in DEC with the prevence from 7 to 72,7%. The highest prevence was in EIEC, 72,7% for aap; 45,5% in EIEC for aggR; and 50% in ETEC for astA. 14% of non-DEC harbored aggR and more than 30% harbored aap and astA. Conclusion: This finding has contributed to understanding the distribution of aap, aggR and astA in ETEC, EPEC, EIEC and non-DEC as well.
Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli ; Enteropathogenic Escherichia coli ; Escherichia coli ;

Background: PCR technique combined with culture isolates is used commonly to detect bacteria that can cause diarrhea from clinical samples. Direct DNA extraction which is a simple, fast and effective method is very important in the rapid diagnosis of bacterial pathogens from fecal samples. Objective: Perfection of method for direct DNA extraction of Shigella and EIEC from fecal samples. Subjects and method: EIEC ATCC 43893, E. coli ATCC 11775 was used for positive and negative controls. Extracted DNA would be used for PCR. Results: The method for direct DNA extraction of Shigella and EIEC from fecal sample had been successfully developed. It was a simple, rapid, cheap and applicable method. Conclusion: The method for direct Shigella/EIEC DNA extraction had been successfully developed and it was very helpful in early detection of diarrheal-induced bacterial pathogens.
Shigella ; DNA ; feces ; diarrhea