1.Study on effects of trinitrozotoluen on the cytochrome P450 enzyme system on Vietnamese
Journal of Vietnamese Medicine 2003;284(5):48-51
The content and the activity of the cytP450 system, peroxydase activity, free SH group in blood of patient intoxicated with trinitrotoluene (TNT) exposure was determined. Results showed that after its invasion into blood, a majority of trinitrotoluene was metabolized and excreted through urine, and deposited partly in organ tissues especially in bone marrow, liver, kidney, fatty and nervous tissues. Aniline hydrolase activity and Cyt P450 content enhanced, peroxydase acitivty, Cyt b5 and free SH group in TNT exposed patients decreased in comparing with healthy subjects. Therefore, it's necessary to strengthen the health of the subjects regularly exposed to TNT
Trinitrotoluene
;
blood
;
diagnosis
2.Biodegradation of 2,4,6-Trinitrotoluene by White-Rot Fungus Irpex lacteus.
Samkeun LEE ; Sun Young LEE ; Kwang Soo SHIN
Mycobiology 2009;37(1):17-20
White-rot fungus Irpex lacteus degraded TNT significantly in proportion to the culture time. After 48 h incubation, about 95% of TNT was degraded. Two reduced metabolites were identified as 4-amino-2,6-dinitrotoluene (4-ADNT) and 2-amino-4,6-dinitrotoluene (2-ADNT) which was further degraded.
Aniline Compounds
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Fungi
;
Trinitrotoluene
3.Diagnosis of Myocardial Injury in Blunt Chest Trauma.
Sung Oh HWANG ; Kang Hyun LEE ; Sun Man KIM ; Eun Seog HONG ; Junghan YOON ; Kyung Hoon CHOE ; Boo Soo LEE
Korean Circulation Journal 1997;27(3):326-332
PURPOSE: This study was designed to evaluate diagnostic accuracy of serial electrocardiograms(ECG), myocardial band of creatinine phosphokinase(CK)(CK-MB/CK ratio) and two dimensional echocardiography(ECHO) for myocardial injury in patients with blunt chest trauma. METHODS: We prospectively investigated 54 patients(male : 38, female : 16, mean age : 41) with severe blunt chest trauma. Presence of myocardial injury was determined by increase(>0.1ug/L) of peak serum troponin T(TnT) concentration from serial mesurements. RESULTS: Among 54 patients with blunt chest trauma, 23 patients(43%) had increased peak TnT level which suggested of myocardial injury. Among 23 patients with increased TnT, abnormal ECG findings were found in 18(78%) and echocardiographic abnormalities were observed in 17(74%). Cardiovascular events in 9(39%) of 23 patients with increase Tnt. There was no cardiovascular events in patients with normal TnT. CONCLUSION: Significant proprotion of patients with blunt chest trauma had elevated TnT value which suggested of myocardial injury. We recommend echocardiagraphy and serial tracing of ECG to verify the clinical significance of elevated TnT in patients with blunt chest trauma.
Creatinine
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Diagnosis*
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Echocardiography
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Electrocardiography
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Female
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Humans
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Prospective Studies
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Thorax*
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Trinitrotoluene
;
Troponin
;
Troponin T
4.Troponin T and I Expression in Failing and Hypertrophic Heart, and during Normal Development in Human.
Yong Jin KIM ; Sang Hyun KIM ; Seok Yeon KIM ; Hyo Soo KIM ; Young Dae KIM ; Myoung Mook LEE
Korean Circulation Journal 1998;28(10):1760-1766
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Human Troponin T & I (TnT, TnI) has several isoforms which have different functional property. This study was designed to describe the isoform expression of TnT & TnI in failing and hypertrophic human heart and during normal development. MATERIALS AND METHOD: Myocardium was attained from hypertrophic hearts (n=10) of TOF patients who underwent myomectomy, from failing hearts (n=10) of transplant recipients, from normal hearts (n=5) of patients in brain death and from aborted fetal hearts (n=5). After the extraction of RNA, RT-PCR was performed for TnT & TnI isoforms and GAPDH to evaluate the isoform expression qualitatively and quantitatively. RESULTS: In terms of TnI, slow skeletal TnI was expressed more than cardiac TnI in fetal hearts[ratio of Troponin over GAPDH (R)=1.3:0.5] but cardiac TnI was dominant in adult hearts (r=0.3:1.1) (p 0.05). Failing hearts showed similar pattern with adult hearts (r=0.3:1.2) and hypertrophic hearts showed the intermediate pattern (r=0.9:1.3). In terms of TnT, T1 and T3 were expressed in fetal hearts (r=0.04, 0.8) but only T3 was expressed in adult hearts (r=1.1). Failing hearts and hypertrophic hearts showed similar pattern with adult hearts and no differences in the amount of expression (r=1.4, 1.3). CONCLUSION: There is isoform switch from fetal to adult form during development and it might be responsible for the differences of myocardial functional property between fetal and adult heart. Failing and hypertrophic hearts showed no differences with normal hearts, which means the isoform switch of TnT & I might have no significant role in functional disturbances in these conditions.
Adult
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Brain Death
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Fetal Heart
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Heart*
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Humans*
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Myocardium
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Protein Isoforms
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RNA
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Transplantation
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Trinitrotoluene
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Troponin T*
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Troponin*
5.The relationship between hemoglobin adducts of trinitrotoluene and exposed level.
Wenjia SONG ; Yawen WANG ; Huifang YAN ; Shuguang LENG ; Yeping GU ; Yuying LIU ; Yuxin ZHENG
Chinese Journal of Industrial Hygiene and Occupational Diseases 2002;20(3):189-191
OBJECTIVETo explore the biomarkers for monitoring trinitrotoluene (TNT) exposure, the relationship between TNT hemoglobin adducts and TNT exposed level.
METHODHemoglobin adducts (4A-Hb and 2A-Hb) were determined by GC-MS in 25 TNT exposed workers. TNT exposed level was evaluated by determining skin contaminated and inhaled TNT levels. The correlation between hemoglobin adducts level and TNT exposed level was analyzed.
RESULTSThere was a correlation between total TNT exposure level, especially skin exposure level, and 4A-Hb or 2A-Hb content. No significant difference was found between the slopes and intercepts of lin ear equation of (4A-Hb) vs TNT exposed level and linear equation of (4A-Hb +2A-Hb) vs TNT exposed level (P > 0.05).
CONCLUSIONSkin contamination is the major role of TNT exposure. TNT exposed level can be evaluated by determining the content of both 4A-Hb and 2A-Hb, and 4A-Hb is more suitable for monitoring TNT exposure.
Environmental Monitoring ; methods ; Hemoglobins ; metabolism ; Humans ; Occupational Exposure ; Skin ; drug effects ; Trinitrotoluene ; metabolism
6.Study on the relationship between the opacity of lens and the levels of 2, 6-dinitro-4-amino-toluene (DNAT) in the urine of workers exposed to trinitrotoluene(TNT).
Zhongde ZHU ; Zhilan LI ; Fatai MI ; Suqin LIAN ; Pengcheng DONG ; Yuhua WU ; Xiaohua SUN
Chinese Journal of Industrial Hygiene and Occupational Diseases 2002;20(1):42-43
OBJECTIVETo find out the relationship between the opacity in lens and the contents of 2,6-dinitro-4-amino-toluene(DNAT) in the urine of exposed workers.
METHODSTesting the exposed worker's lens and measuring the contents of DNAT in the urine after work.
RESULTSWhen the opacity of the lens occurred, the contents of DNAT in the urine(2.38 mg/L) of workers exposed to TNT were significantly higher than those without opacity in lens(1.44 mg/L) (P < 0.05).
CONCLUSIONThe severity of opacity of lens increased with the contents of DNAT raised in the urine. The threshold value suggested by ILO is not applicable to Chinese occupational population, which recommends the contents of DNAT(30 mg/L) in the urine for the workers exposed to TNT as biological occupational exposed limits.
Aniline Compounds ; urine ; Cataract ; chemically induced ; Environmental Monitoring ; Humans ; Occupational Exposure ; adverse effects ; Trinitrotoluene ; metabolism
8.Experimental Study to Develop a Method for Improving Sample Collection to Monitor Laryngoscopes after Reprocessing.
Savina DITOMMASO ; Monica GIACOMUZZI ; Elisa RICCIARDI ; Carla ZOTTI
Clinical Endoscopy 2018;51(5):463-469
BACKGROUND/AIMS: The microbiological surveillance of endoscopes and automated flexible endoscope reprocessing have been proven to be two of the most difficult and controversial areas of infection control in endoscopy. The purpose of this study was to standardize a sampling method for assessing the effectiveness of standard reprocessing operating procedures for flexible fiberoptic laryngoscopes (FFLs). METHODS: First, the sampling devices were directly inoculated with Bacillus atrophaeus spores; second, tissue non tissue (TNT) wipes were tested on artificially contaminated surfaces and on FFLs. RESULTS: Comparison of the sponges, cellulose, and TNT wipes indicated that the TNT wipes were more effective in releasing spores (93%) than the sponges (49%) and cellulose wipes (52%). The developed protocol provides a high efficiency for both collection and extraction from the stainless steel surface (87% of the spores were removed and released) and from the FFL (85% of the spores were removed and released), with relatively low standard deviations for recovery efficiency, particularly for the analysis of the FFL. CONCLUSIONS: TNT wipes are more efficient for sampling surface areas, thereby aiding in the accuracy and reproducibility of environmental surveillance.
Bacillus
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Cellulose
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Disinfection
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Endoscopes
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Endoscopy
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Environmental Monitoring
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Infection Control
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Laryngoscopes*
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Methods*
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Porifera
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Spores
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Stainless Steel
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Trinitrotoluene
9.Performance Evaluation of the Point-of-Care Cardiac Troponin T Assay.
Yi Hyeon KIM ; Tae Dong JEONG ; Ki Sook HONG
Laboratory Medicine Online 2018;8(4):135-139
BACKGROUND: The point-of-care (POC) troponin T assay has been used in various clinical settings. Recently, a POC troponin T assay with an extended measurable range (40 ng/L-2,000 ng/L) was introduced. We aimed to evaluate the analytical performance of the Roche Cardiac POC Troponin T assay (POC TnT, Roche Diagnostics, Switzerland) using the cobas h 232 POC system. METHODS: The repeatability and within-laboratory imprecision of the POC TnT assay were evaluated using the Roche Cardiac POC Troponin T level 2 control. Repeatability was also assessed using patient samples. Linearity of the POC TnT assay was evaluated using patient samples containing five different concentrations of troponin T. Performance of the Elecsys Troponin T high sensitivity assay (hs-TnT) was compared with that of the POC TnT assay using 40 patient samples. RESULTS: The repeatability (%CV), and within-laboratory imprecision (%CV) using the level 2 control solution (mean troponin T, 441.6 ng/L) were 8.5% and 8.6%, respectively. The repeatability of patient samples containing 88.7 ng/L and 454.6 ng/L TnT was 7.5% and 7.2%, respectively. The POC TnT assay was confirmed to produce linear data between 54.0 ng/L and 1,347.7 ng/L. Relative to the hs-TnT assay, the Passing-Bablok linear regression equation (correlation coefficient) was y=0.8933x+6.24 (r=0.988). At a troponin T concentration of 40 ng/L, the estimated bias of the POC TnT assay was 1.972 ng/L (4.93%). CONCLUSIONS: Our data suggest that the Roche Cardiac POC Troponin T assay is reliable in cases where POC troponin T testing is required.
Bias (Epidemiology)
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Humans
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Linear Models
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Point-of-Care Systems*
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Trinitrotoluene
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Troponin T*
;
Troponin*
10.Sequential changes of Interleukin-6 , Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha, and Troponin-T During Open Heart Surgery with Cardiopulmonary Bypass.
Ji Yun YU ; Suk Chul CHOI ; Gee Oh KWAK ; Gook Ryul CHOI ; Song Myung KIM ; Kwang Hyun JO
The Korean Journal of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery 1999;32(11):971-977
BACKGROUND: Immunologic and inflammatory responses of cardiopulmonary bypass(CPB) influence postoperative mortality and morbidity with multiple organ injury. It has been reported that ischemia/reperfusion induced-myocardial injury during CPB is causative of release of inflammatory cytokines such as interleukin-6(IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha). The purpose of this study was to detect the time course of the activated cytokine and troponin-T(TnT), and to examine the correlation between such parameters during CPB. MATERIAL AND METHOD: The serial samples were collected from arterial blood via radial arterial catheter in 23 patients who are underwent open heart surgery (OHS) with CPB, the IL-6, TNF-alpha and TnT were checked. RESULT: (1) IL-6, TNFalpha- and TnT concentration increased significantly during CPB with a peaking level of CPB-off (p 0.05). (2) IL-6 had highly positive correlation with aortic cross clamping time and total bypass time(r=0.80, 0.78; p 0.05, respectively). (3) There was no correlation among IL-6, TNF-alpha and TnT. CONCLUSION: In conclusion, these data showed that elevated production of serum IL-6 during CPB was attributable to ischemia/reperfusion induced-myocardial damage. IL-6 will become a new and sensitive biological marker in assessment of myocardial damage during OHS with CPB. However, further studies will be needed to apply IL-6 in more patient population.
Biomarkers
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Cardiopulmonary Bypass*
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Catheters
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Constriction
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Cytokines
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Heart*
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Humans
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Interleukin-6*
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Mortality
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Thoracic Surgery*
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Trinitrotoluene
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Troponin T*
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Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha*