No abstract available.
Trichomonas*

No abstract available.
Trichomonas*

BACKGROUND: Metronidazole susceptibility and the presence of Trichomonas vaginalis virus (TVV) are the phenotypes found to be significantly correlated with the microsatellite-based genotypes of T. vaginalis. These phenotypes were assessed in T. vaginalis isolates from select urban areas to determine preliminary "type" of Philippine T. vaginalis.

METHODS: Culture and microscopy were used to detect T. vaginalis in vaginal swab samples collected from women attending social hygiene clinics in Metro Manila and Angeles City, Philippines. Screening of TVV on T. vaginalis was performed using RNA gel electrophoresis and RT-PCR. A modified protocol for metronidazole susceptibility assay was used to determine the aerobic minimum lethal concentration (MLC) of metronidazole in axenized T. vaginalis isolates.

RESULTS: A total of 42 T. vaginalis were screened for the presence of TVV and assayed for metronidazole susceptibility. TVV was detected in 13 of the isolates. All but one of the samples was susceptible to metronidazole.

CONCLUSION: This is the first study to assess the in vitro metronidazole susceptibility of Philippine T. vaginalis isolates. The isolates are generally susceptible to metronidazole even with the presence of TVV. The metronidazole susceptibility and presence of TVV are not enough to classify the isolates into type 1 or type 2.

Trichomonas tenax(T. tenax) and Trichomonas hominis (T. hominis) were collected, cultured and sampled for comparative microscopical studies using electron microscope. Both flagellates were oval in shape and surrounded by a distinct outer membrane. Five recurrent flagella and one anterior flagellum had, each, 9 paris of peripheral and 1 pair of central fibrils, Undulating membrane was curved over the recurrent flagella, and bended in the middle at right angles with cell surface. Cytostome, engulfing bacteria, was observed in T. hominis. In the cytoplasm, there were fine dense glycogen particles, and vacuoles containing ingested materials. Dense pigment rods were also observed in both flagellates, but the rods were not distributed around the vacuoles in T. hominis. In T. tenax axostyle appeared as a cup-shaped structure comprising a single row of 41 fibrils, each about 120 a in diameter. It enclosed glycogen particles, and the open side was faced to the nucleus. Endoplasmic reticulum was observed around the nucleus, but it was less developed in T. hominis. Nucleus was ovoid having double nuclear membrane, which was clearly defined in T. hominis. Blepharoplast, parabasal body, Golgi appartus and mitochondrion was not observed in both flagellates.
parasitology-protozoa-Trichomonas tenax-Trichomonas hominis ; electron microscopy

Reactive arthritis occurs after a preceding infection such as urogenital or gastroenteral tract infection. Trichomoniasis, due to Trichomonas vasinalis infection, is one of the most common causes of vaginitis. Reactive arthritis associated with trichomoniasis is uncommon and there has been no report in Korea. We present a 28 year-old woman who had oligoarthritis after Trichomonas vaginalis infection. The arthritis subsided with treatment of the Trichomoniasis with metronidazole and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug.
Adult ; Arthritis ; Arthritis, Reactive* ; Female ; Humans ; Korea ; Metronidazole ; Trichomonas Infections ; Trichomonas vaginalis* ; Trichomonas* ; Vaginitis

BACKGROUND: Infectious vaginitis is caused primarily by three different groups of microbial pathogens (Trichomonas vaginalis, Candida spp., and Gardnerella vaginalis). The objective of this study was to compare the Affirm VPIII assay using a DNA hybridization technique with the Papanicolaou (Pap) smear test and the Gram stain in the detection and identification of these three organisms. METHODS: A total of 300 vaginal samples were collected from women that were either symptomatic for vaginitis or asymptomatic women that were being seen for routine obstetric or gynecological care. The presence of T. vaginalis, Candida spp., and G. vaginalis was evaluated by using the Affirm VIII assay (Becton Dickinson, USA), Pap smear test, and Gram stain method, respectively. RESULTS: With the Affirm VPIII assay, 1 (0.3%) patient tested positive for T. vaginalis, 99 (33.0%) patients were positive for G. vaginalis, and 18 (6.0%) were positive for Candida spp. The detection rates of Trichomonas infection, bacterial vaginosis and candidiasis by the Pap smear test and Gram stain method were 0.7% versus 0%, 16.3% versus 35.7%, and 1.7% versus 9.7%, respectively. The differences between the detection rates of the above three organisms between the Pap smear test and the Gram stain method were statistically significant (p<0.05). CONCLUSION: The Affirm VPIII assay was more sensitive than the Pap smear test and more specific than the Gram stain method for the detection and identification of these three organisms. In addition, the results of the Affirm VPIII assay are quick to obtain and are simple and easy to interpret.
Candida ; Candidiasis ; Chimera ; DNA ; Female ; Gardnerella ; Gardnerella vaginalis ; Humans ; Trichomonas ; Trichomonas Infections ; Trichomonas vaginalis ; Vaginal Smears ; Vaginitis ; Vaginosis, Bacterial

Trichomonas vaginitis is a sexually transmitted disease by Trichomonas vaginalis infection especially in adults that is significantly associated with preterm delivery, premature rupture of membrane and low-birth-weight neonates. Although neonatal infection is rare, a vertical transmission might substantially occur by direct contact of protozoal infection. The reported clinical manifestation of trichomoniasis is purulent vaginal discharge in only severely infected neonates. I experienced a case of virulent neonatal Trichomonas vaginitis which was confirmed by vaginal wet mount examination in a neonate born full-term, complaining of excessive purulent vaginal discharge, with no perinatal complication of premature rupture of membrane or low-birth-weight. The patient had complete resolution of symptom after the administration of metronidazole, thus I report this case along with a brief review of literatures.
Adult ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Membranes ; Metronidazole ; Rupture ; Sexually Transmitted Diseases ; Trichomonas vaginalis ; Trichomonas Vaginitis* ; Trichomonas* ; Vaginal Discharge

Research was carried out on 385 genital septic women were examined and assayed at Thai Binh medical college hospital. Results were following: the symptoms of genital septic patients are abnormal vaginal secretion 99.5%, itch of genital area 72.5%. Two of genital septic types had a higher rate: vaginitis combined with (58.4%), vaginitis with vulvitis 31.2%. Vaginitis with cervicitis induced Candida albicants had the highest rate of 69.8%; single vaginitis caused by Trichomonas vaginalis accounted for 36.4%.
Genital Diseases, Female ; Candida ; Trichomonas ; Woman

BACKGROUND: Direct wet mount examination of vaginal secretion, widely applied for the diagnosis of Trichomonas vaginalis infection in woman patients, is rapid and economical. However, the sensitivity of this technique is not so high. In this study enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA) was employed for the detection of serum anti-T. vaginalis IgG antibodies from vaginal trichomoniasis patients. METHODS: Eighty sera from trichomonoasis patients who visited a Dr. Yoon Kyong's Obstetric & Gynecologic Clinic in Songnam and 30 non-infected healthy men were tested for detection of anti-T. vaginalis IgG antibody. Soluble lysate and excretory-secretory antigen prepared by mixing of six isolates of T. vaginalis, and lysate from one isolate(KT4) were used as antigen for ELISA. RESULTS: The sensitivity of ELISA using lysate of six isolates was 95.0%, and the sensitivity of the lysate from KT4 and mixed excretory-secretory antigen from 6 isolates were 86.4% and 76.3%, respectively. Specificities of ELISA by three 93.3%, 96.3% and 92.0%, respectively. CONCLUSION: It is suggested that ELISA using mixed lysate of T. vaginalis six isolates could be useful tools for the diagnosis of trichomoniasis.
Antibodies ; Diagnosis ; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay ; Female ; Gyeonggi-do ; Humans ; Immunoglobulin G* ; Male ; Trichomonas vaginalis ; Trichomonas*

It was suspected that a GUT infection could be a possible cause of infertility. This study was carried out to investigate the effect of Trichomonas vaginalis and Gonococci on sperm motility. Human fresh spermatozoa from 50 healthy medical students were mixed and diluted with Trichomonas vaginalis and Gonococci. 30 specimens to Trichomonas vaginalis and 20 specimens to Gonococci were exposed with varying concentration from 10(4) to 10(6) organisms/ml of broth, respectively. Spermatozoal motility scale devised by Emmens was checked at serial time of hours in vitro. The following results were obtained: 1. The sperm motility of control groups among pure semen, semen with normal saline and semen with broth solution were no significant differences. 2. A significantly decreased sperm motility ensued in Trichomonas vaginalis experimental groups, 106 organisms/ml and broth extract contained metabolite, than control group. 3. There were no significant differences between control groups and experimental groups in Gonococci.
Humans ; Infertility ; Semen ; Sperm Motility* ; Spermatozoa* ; Students, Medical ; Trichomonas vaginalis* ; Trichomonas*