Mosquitoes and larvae were investigated in the forests, edges of forest and other landscapes in the jungles of U Minh Thuong and U Minh Ha during two years of 2002 and 2003. A total of 15 species (24.19% of total mosquitoes species found throughout the country and 37.5% of those in the Southern Vietnam) was found, some of which were typical species of the water forest fauma. A mingle species composition of flood plain forest fauna with presence of An. paraliae, An. umbrosus, An. separatus... and coastal brackish fauma with An. sundaucus and An. nimpe found in the study sites suggests that the forests narrowness, forest fires and other ecological damages have caused the changes of species composition and distribution of mosquitoes of forest fauna
Anopheles ; epidemiology ; Larva ; Trees

Cankers are localized dead areas in the bark of stems, branches or twigs of many types of trees and shrubs, and are usually caused by fungi. We observed severe canker symptoms in oak trees located in Gyeongnam province in 2011. A total 31 trees were discovered with cankers of varied size, with an average of 48.5 x 15.2 cm. Black, half-rounded globular mound shaped stromata were associated with the cankers, and the asci of the fungi associated with the cankers were cylindrical shaped with their spore-bearing parts being up to 84 microm in length. The average fungal ascospores size was 7.59 x 4.23 microm. The internal transcribed spacer sequence for the canker causing fungus showed 99% similarity to the sequence of Annulohypoxylon truncatum. In this study, the isolated fungus was precisely described and then compared with fungi of similar taxa.
Fungi ; Quercus ; Trees

Cryptothecia austrocoreana is a new lichen species from South Korea. The species is characterized by the presence of a heteromerous thallus and faveolate ascigerous area (ascomata) immersed in a slightly raised thallus. The species has muriform ascospores, (4)6–8–spored 8–11 × 3–4 septate, (34)36–48(51) × (17)19–23(25) μm. Atranorin, chloroatranorin, and barbatic acid are present. In the phylogenetic tree, C. austrocoreana belongs to the arthonioid clade in Arthoniaceae.
Korea* ; Lichens ; Trees

Five new prenylated stilbenes (1 – 5), along with the known compounds cudraflavone C, trans-4-isopentenyl-3,5,2′,4′-terahydroxystilbene, trans-4-(3-methyl-E-but-1-enyl)-3,5,2′,4′-tetrahydroxystilbene, pannokin G, cycloartobiloxanthone, artonin P, morusin, artocarpin, artonin E, kuwanon C, artobiloxanthone, and artoindonesianin C (6 – 17) were isolated from the stem bark of the tropical tree Artocarpus communis. The structures were established by NMR spectroscopic analysis, MS studies, and comparison with spectral data reported in the literature.
Artocarpus ; Moraceae ; Stilbenes ; Trees

Open brochus with diffuse narrowing, stretching, and leafless tree appearance of the bronchi is the well know bronchographic criterior of bronchiloalveolar carcinoma. Though similar findings are expected in CT, authors couldfind no report concerninng the open bronchus sign of bronchioloalveolar carcinoma demonstrated by CT., Authorspresents CT of bronchioloalveolar carcinoma showing lobar or segmental distribution and patent bronchus within thetumor mass.
Adenocarcinoma, Bronchiolo-Alveolar ; Bronchi ; Trees

In this paper, the distribution, host restriction, and taxonomic position of Valsa mali are discussed.
Far East* ; Fungi* ; Mali* ; Trees*

Maxillary sinus floor augmentation using lateral window and crestal technique is considered as predictable methods to increase the residual bone height; however, this surgery is commonly complicated by Schneiderian membrane perforation, which is closely related to anatomical factors. This article aimed to assess anatomical factors on successful augmentation procedures. After review of the current evidence on sinus augmentation techniques, anatomical factors related to the stretching potential of Schneiderian membrane were assessed and a decision tree for the rational choice of surgical approaches was proposed. Schneiderian membrane perforation might occur when local tension exceeds its stretching potential, which is closely related to anatomical variations of the maxillary sinus. Choice of a surgical approach and clinical outcomes are influenced by the stretching potential of Schneiderian membrane. In addition to the residual bone height, clinicians should also consider the stretching potential affected by the membrane health condition, the contours of the maxillary sinus, and the presence of antral septa when evaluating the choice of surgical approaches and clinical outcomes.
Sinus Floor Augmentation ; Decision Trees

Tracheopathia osteoplastica is a rare disease characterized by submucosal cartilaginous or bony projections into tracheobroncheal lumen with sparing of the posterior membranous portion of tracheobroncheal tree. The cause of this disorder is unknown. In the past, a majority of the cases were discovered incidentally at autopsy. But recently, antemortem diagnosis is increasingly reported after the introduction of computed tomography and bronchoscopy. We report a case of extensive tracheopathia osteoplastica diagnosed antemortem by computed tomography, bronchoscopic examination and biopsy.
Autopsy ; Biopsy ; Bronchoscopy ; Diagnosis ; Rare Diseases ; Trees

Creativity ; Education, Medical ; Humans ; Trees ; United States

In this paper, we focus on classifying cardiac arrhythmias. The MIT-BIH database is used with 14 original classes of labeling which is then mapped into 5 more general classes, using the Association for the Advancement of Medical Instrumentation standard. Three types of features were selected with a focus on the time-frequency aspects of ECG signal. After using the Wigner-Ville distribution the time-frequency plane is split into 9 windows considering the frequency bandwidth and time duration of ECG segments and peaks. The summation over these windows are employed as pseudo-energy features in classification. The “subject-oriented” scheme is used in classification, meaning the train and test sets include samples from different subjects. The subject-oriented method avoids the possible overfitting issues and guaranties the authenticity of the classification. The overall sensitivity and positive predictivity of classification is 99.67 and 98.92%, respectively, which shows a significant improvement over previous studies.
Arrhythmias, Cardiac* ; Classification* ; Decision Trees ; Electrocardiography* ; Methods