The genital organ is innervated by autonomic and somatic nerve. The former is both sympathetic and parasympathetic nerve and the later is comprised by sensory and motor fibers. The symptoms of male sexual dysfunction are sexopathy, erectile dysfunction, disorder of ejaculation and orgasm, and pianism. Not only different symptom but the same symptom can be induced by different injured nerve. The relationship between peripheral nerve injury and male sexual dysfunction should be understood correctly.
Erectile Dysfunction/etiology* ; Humans ; Male ; Parasympathetic Nervous System/injuries* ; Pelvis/innervation* ; Peripheral Nerve Injuries ; Peripheral Nerves/anatomy & histology* ; Sexual Dysfunction, Physiological/etiology* ; Spinal Cord Injuries/complications* ; Sympathetic Nervous System/injuries* ; Trauma, Nervous System/complications*

OBJECTIVETo study therapeutic effects of early stage operation for type I sacral fracture accompanied by neurological damage.

METHODSTwelve patients with type II sacral fracture accompanied by neurological damage were reviewed in the study from March 2008 to March 2010, including 8 males and 4 females. Final diagnosis was given according to the evaluation of physical examination, X-ray, CT and MRI. Operations were performed 6 to 14 days after injury, averaged 9 days. According to Denis classification of sacral fracture, 12 patients were Type H . Eight patients suffered from severe anterior sacral foramen transformation with invasion of fragments on nerve root were treated with decompression, open reduction and internal fixation. Other 4 patients were treated with open reduction and internal fixation.

RESULTSDuring the following-up period, ranging from 6 to 24 months, all the patients attained bony union and 11 patients got nerve function recovery to different degrees. According to criterion of Gibbons, the average preoperative score was (1.50 +/- 0.67); the average postoperative score was(2.67 +/- 0.49); there were statistically significant differences in the above index between preoperation and postoperation (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONEarly stage operation for type II sacral fracture accompanied by neurological damage usually achieves satisfactory results.

Adult ; Decompression, Surgical ; Female ; Fracture Fixation, Internal ; methods ; Fractures, Bone ; complications ; surgery ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Sacrum ; injuries ; Trauma, Nervous System ; etiology

Adult ; Cranial Fossa, Middle ; surgery ; Decompression, Surgical ; methods ; Facial Nerve ; surgery ; Facial Paralysis ; etiology ; surgery ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Trauma, Nervous System ; complications

OBJECTIVETo expore the prevention of ulnar nerve injury during fixation of supracondylar fracture in children by a medial-lateral three-pin fixation technique.

METHODSEighty-one patients including 54 boys and 27 girls with average age of 6 years old (2.5 to 11 years)were treated by a three-pin fixation technique with insertion of two Kirscher wires from the lateral side and the third wire through the medial side. They were followed-up without any complications related to the ulnar nerve. According to Garland system, there were 25 cases of type II supracondylar fracture and 56 of type III. All patients were treated by a medial-lateral three-pin fixation technique, and external fixation with plaster for 3 weeks.

RESULTSAll cases achieved immediate stability and long-term bony fusion postoperatively and no iatrogenic ulnar nerve injury happen.

CONCLUSIONThe technique is a stable and reliable methods for unstable supracondylar fracture and the iatrogenic injury ulnar nerve can be avoided completely.

Bone Nails ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Female ; Fracture Fixation, Internal ; methods ; Humans ; Humeral Fractures ; complications ; surgery ; Humerus ; injuries ; innervation ; surgery ; Internal Fixators ; Intraoperative Complications ; prevention & control ; Male ; Trauma, Nervous System ; prevention & control ; Ulnar Nerve ; injuries

OBJECTIVETo investigate the analgesic effect of interleukin-2 (IL-2) in mice with spared nerve injury (SNI).

METHODIL-2 was intraperitoneally injected in mice with induced SNI, and von Frey Filaments test and cold plate test were carried out to accesses the analgesic effects of IL-2 and the effect of naloxone in antagonizing the effects of IL-2.

RESULTSIL-2 produced analgesic effects against hyperalgesia and allodynia in mouse models of SNI, and the effect of IL-2 lasted for more than 24 h, showing a double-peak pattern in its action with the two peaks occurring at 30 and 105 min, respectively. The effect of IL-2 could be significantly antagonized by naloxone.

CONCLUSIONSIL-2 has long-lasting analgesic effects in mouse models of SNI model, showing a double-peak pattern of its action. The analgesic effect of IL-2 is probably mediated by opiate receptor.

Analgesics ; administration & dosage ; antagonists & inhibitors ; pharmacology ; therapeutic use ; Animals ; Disease Models, Animal ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Humans ; Hyperalgesia ; complications ; drug therapy ; Interleukin-2 ; administration & dosage ; antagonists & inhibitors ; pharmacology ; therapeutic use ; Male ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred BALB C ; Naloxone ; pharmacology ; Trauma, Nervous System ; complications ; drug therapy

PURPOSE: Fat embolism syndrome (FES) is systemic manifestation of fat emboli in the circulation seen mostly after long bone fractures. FES is considered a lethal complication of trauma. There are various case reports and series describing FES. Here we describe the clinical characteristics, management in ICU and outcome of these patients in level I trauma center in a span of 6 months. METHODS: In this prospective study, analysis of all the patients with FES admitted in our polytrauma intensive care unit (ICU) of level I trauma center over a period of 6 months (from August 2017 to January 2018) was done. Demographic data, clinical features, management in ICU and outcome were analyzed. RESULTS: We admitted 10 cases of FES. The mean age of patients was 31.2 years. The mean duration from time of injury to onset of symptoms was 56 h. All patients presented with hypoxemia and petechiae but central nervous system symptoms were present in 70% of patients. The mean duration of mechanical ventilation was 11.7 days and the mean length of ICU stay was 14.7 days. There was excellent recovery among patients with no neurological deficit. CONCLUSION FES is considered a lethal complication of trauma but timely management can result in favorable outcome. FES can occur even after fixation of the fracture. Hypoxia is the most common and earliest feature of FES followed by CNS manifestations. Any patient presenting with such symptoms should raise the suspicion of FES and mandate early ICU referral.
Adolescent ; Adult ; Central Nervous System Diseases ; etiology ; Early Diagnosis ; Embolism, Fat ; diagnosis ; etiology ; prevention & control ; Fractures, Bone ; complications ; Humans ; Hypoxia ; etiology ; Intensive Care Units ; statistics & numerical data ; Length of Stay ; statistics & numerical data ; Male ; Patient Outcome Assessment ; Time Factors ; Trauma Centers ; statistics & numerical data ; Young Adult