No abstract available.
Transcutaneous Electric Nerve Stimulation*

No abstract available.
Transcutaneous Electric Nerve Stimulation*

No abstract available.
Neuralgia* ; Transcutaneous Electric Nerve Stimulation*

PURPOSE: This study was conducted to determine the effects of sling exercise on muscle activity and pain in patients with rotator cuff repair. METHODS: This research evaluated 20 rotator cuff repair patients, divided randomly between 10 controls and 10 in an experimental group who performed a sling exercise. Both the experimental and control groups underwent transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation and performed continuous passive motion. Muscle activity was measured with a surface electromyograph and pain was measured with the visual analogue scale. The paired t-test was used to compare groups before and after the experiment. The independent t-test was conducted to assess differences in the degree of change between the two groups before and after the experiment. RESULTS: Within-group comparison of both the experimental and control group showed significant differences in muscle activity and pain. Comparison of the groups revealed significant differences in muscle activity between groups group, but not in pain. CONCLUSION: These results indicate that sling exercise is effective for improving muscle activity of rotator cuff repair patients.
Humans ; Rotator Cuff* ; Transcutaneous Electric Nerve Stimulation

No abstract available.
Peripheral Nerves* ; Transcutaneous Electric Nerve Stimulation*

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the influence of high frequency transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) on cutaneous silent period. METHOD: Cutaenous silent period was recorded before and after high frequency TENS application in sixteen healthy adults (11 males, 5 females). Onset latency, duration, and minimum stimulation intensity to evoke cutaneous silent period were compared. In 7 male subjects, temporal changes of cutaneous silent period were observed after TENS application. RESULTS: Minimum stimulation intensity to evoke cutaneous silent period was significantly increased after high frequency TENS application (p<0.05) and yet, onset latency and duration showed no significant change. The increase in minimum stimulation intensity to evoke cutaneous silent period was maintained for 30 minutes after TENS and returned to the baseline level thereafter. CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest that high frequency TENS increase the depolarization threshold of A-delta fiber and this peripheral effect may be one of the pain control mechanisms of TENS.
Adult ; Humans ; Male ; Transcutaneous Electric Nerve Stimulation*

No abstract available.
Evoked Potentials, Somatosensory* ; Transcutaneous Electric Nerve Stimulation*

No abstract available.
Adrenocorticotropic Hormone* ; Hydrocortisone* ; Transcutaneous Electric Nerve Stimulation*

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effective stimulating mode of transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) and acupuncture for pain relief. METHOD: The subjects were 40 patients with MPS. In 20 patients, TENS were applied to the trigger point. In other 20 patients, acupuncture mode electrical stimulation were applied to the acupuncture site by measuring skin impedance of affected muscle. RESULTS: The visual Analogue Scale (VAS) decreased 20.48 (19.15%) in the group applied TENS mode and 30.08 (16.97%) in the group applied acupuncture mode after 1 week. The VAS decreased 33.19 (25.76%) in the groupapplied TENS mode and 46.48(17.76%) in the group applied acupuncture mode after 2 week (p<0.05). The pressure threshold was increased 16.07 (17.45%) in the group applied TENS mode and 26.09 (22.20%) in the group applied acupuncture mode after 1 week. The pressure threshold increased 24.88 (23.25%) in the group applied TENS mode and 41.11 (27.35%) in the group applied acupuncture mode after 2 week. CONCLUSION: Acupuncture mode was more effective treatment modality in MPS for pain relief than TENS mode.
Acupuncture* ; Electric Impedance ; Electric Stimulation* ; Humans ; Myofascial Pain Syndromes* ; Skin ; Transcutaneous Electric Nerve Stimulation ; Trigger Points

Microarray technology enables us to measure the expression of tens of thousands of genes simultaneously under various experimental conditions. Clustering analysis is one of the most successful methods for analyzing microarray data using the assumption that co-expressed genes may be co-regulated. It is important to extract meaningful clusters from a long unordered list of clusters and to evaluate the functional homogeneity and heterogeneity of clusters. Many quality measures for clustering results have been suggested in different conditions. In the present study, we consider biological pathways as a collection of biological knowledge and used them as a reference for measuring the quality of clustering results and functional homogeneities. PathTalk visualizes and evaluates functional relationships between gene clusters and biological pathways.
Cluster Analysis ; Multigene Family ; Population Characteristics ; Transcutaneous Electric Nerve Stimulation