The paper summarized the sedative pharmacological effects of CMM, which were reported in the past 10 years. Those sedative CMMs were found in several type of Chinese medicine, such as tranquilizing the mind, calming the liver to stop the wind, general tonic, blood-activating and stasis-resolving drugs, heat-clearing drugs, exterior-releasing drugs, drugs for resuscitation, diuresis-inducing and dampness-draining drugs, ect. Out of them, the general tonic drugs were used in many occasions. Two Chinese herbs, jujube seed and polygala were used popularly as sedative drugs. And their effects have something to do with heart Meridian and liver Meridian. The Locomotor activity, sleeping test and forcing swimming were used commonly to detect the sedative effects. The sedative mechanisms of those CMM were related with neuro-transmitters such as Dopamine (DA), 5-HT and gamma-GABA, etc.
Animals ; Drug Combinations ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; pharmacology ; therapeutic use ; Humans ; Hypnotics and Sedatives ; pharmacology ; therapeutic use ; Materia Medica ; pharmacology ; therapeutic use ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; Neurotransmitter Agents ; metabolism ; Sleep Wake Disorders ; drug therapy ; metabolism ; Tranquilizing Agents ; pharmacology ; therapeutic use

Adolescent ; Adult ; Asthma ; drug therapy ; Czechoslovakia ; History of Medicine ; Humans ; Injections, Subcutaneous ; Isoquinolines ; administration & dosage ; Mental Disorders ; drug therapy ; Psychiatry ; history ; Terbutaline ; administration & dosage ; therapeutic use ; Tranquilizing Agents ; history ; therapeutic use ; Tretoquinol ; administration & dosage ; therapeutic use

Acquired perforating dermatosis (APD) is a skin disorder occurring in the patients with chronic renal failure (CRF), diabetes mellitus (DM) or both. The purpose of this study was to clarify the clinical and histopathological features of APD, and evaluate role of scratching in the pathogenesis of APD. Twelves patients with APD associated with CRF and DM were enrolled in the study. In six patients who required hemodialysis, the lesions appeared 2-5 yr (mean 3 yr) after the initiation of dialysis, 18-22 yr (mean 19.3 yr) after the occurrence of DM. The other patients who did not receive hemodialysis noted the lesions 4-17 yr (mean 9.5 yr) after the onset of DM. All patients had an eruption of generally pruritic keratotic papules and nodules, primarily on the extensor surface of the extremities and the trunk. The histologic features of our cases showed a crateriform invagination of the epidermis filled by a parakeratotic plug and basophilic cellular debris. The period of treatment for patients who suffered from severe (7 cases) or very severe (3 cases) on the pruritus intensity was longer than that of patients who had mild pruritus (2 cases). These data showed that scratching appear to play a critical part in the pathogenesis of APD.
Adult ; Aged ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type I/*complications ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type II/*complications ; Female ; Histamine H1 Antagonists/therapeutic use ; Human ; Kidney Failure, Chronic/*complications ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Phototherapy ; Pruritus/drug therapy/etiology ; Skin Diseases/drug therapy/*etiology/pathology ; Tranquilizing Agents/therapeutic use