Traditional medicines remedy for controlling diseases, therefore apart from the therapeutic effects they must be harmless for users. To assure the safe use, apart from good awareness of their effects for their proper use, the medicine itself must be clean, free from harmful materials. The medicines also must be not contaminated, the enviroment have not bad affection on the ecology
Medicine, Traditional ; Disease ; Therapeutics

Antihypertensive tea (AHT) was processed from Flos Sophorae, Folium Nelumbii, Radix Achyranthis Bidentatae, Radix Codonopsis Pilosulae, Flos Chrysanthemi, … in the form of filtered bag (3g/bag). Experimental study on subchronic toxicity showed that AHT was non-toxic. Clinical trial carried on 60 patients with hypertension (stages 1 and 2) receiving 9g (3 bags)/day for 30 days revealed that AHT produced good effects: blood tension reduced by 88.3%, clinical symptoms significantly improved, better changes in biochemical and hematological parameters, no side effects
Antihypertensive Agents ; Antihypertensive Agents ; Tea ; Disease

The collection of hospital bursar has been implemented for ten years and regulated for 2 times. Its good influences were evaluated and accepted in the total financial mechanism to assure the activities of health sector. The policy of collection of hospital bursar will apply in long time. There fore, it should be studied thoroughly to obtain the perfect policy for both hospital bursar and general activities of health sector.
Hospitals ; Health Care Sector

Background: system lupus erythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune disease, characterized by a variety of antibodies generated against the body itself, causing damage in all organs: skin, mucous membranes, joint-skeletal-muscle, heart, kidneys, lungs, nervous, mental, blood and lymph,... The disease progresses in waves, more and more serious and lead to death. Objectives: to study on characteristics of patients with the end stage SLE and to evaluate results of some tests in these patients. Subjectives and Method: a retrospective and cross sectional study was carried out on forty two end stage SLE patients at Department of Allergology and Clinical Immunology of Bach Mai hospital were studied between 1998 and 2004. Results: the majority of SLE patients were female (90.48%) and in group of 16-39 years old. Number of female patients was 14 times more than male patients. All 42 patients decreased peripheral blood cell amount: reducing both red and white blood cells (71.43%), reducing both three type (11.90%). 21/32 cases with severe hemoglobin reduction (65.53%). 38/42 cases of medium and severe neutropenia (90.48%). 33/42 cases with end-stage renal failure (78.57%). 13 cases of low blood Na+, 9 cases of increased blood K+. 30 cases with positive proteinuria (90.91%). 17/20 cases with pericardial effusion (85.00%). 35/42 cases with lung lesion images on ultrasound and x-rays (83.33%). 9 cases (30.00%) with increased AST and ALT above 100 U/l. 5 cases (16.67%) with meningitis. Conclusions: dramatic decrease in blood cell count, particularly in white blood cells. Most patients had renal failure at stage III, mainly with high blood potassium, and high protein and red blood cells in urine. Others included pericarditis, pneumonia, liver and neurological disorders.
Lupus Erythematosus ; Systemic/epidemiology ;

Background: Scleroderma is a rare autoimmune disease occurs with an annual rate of about 2-20 cases / 1 million people. Objectives: To evaluate the common clinical and laboratory manifestaions of scleroderma associated renal disease. Subjects and method: A restrospective study of clinical, urinary analysis, biochemical and blood count analysis and renal artery dopper ultrasonography indexes in 147 patients with scleroderma. Results: The commonest nonrenal clinical manifestations were skin thickening (100%), pigmentation (71,43%), arthalgia/ arthritis (83%), Raynaud phenomenon (62,58%) and gastroentrological syndrome (50,34%). 11,56% of patients had signs and symptoms of kidney involvement such us hypertension (10,2%), edema (9,52%), oliguria (3,4%). 14,29%, 10,88% and 18,18% of patients had abnomalities on urinary analysis, increased blood urea and renal artery stenosis on dooper ultrasonography, respectively. Conclusion: 11,56% of patients had rena manifestationsin clinical, the commonest is hypertension, edema and oliguria. 14,29%, 10,88% and 18,18% of patients had positive proteinuria of hematuria, increased blood urea and renal artery stenosis on dopper ultrasonography, respectively.
Kidney Diseases/ epidemiology ; Scleroderma ; Systemic ;

Background: Blood transfusion is the process of receiving blood products into one's circulation intravenously. Transfusions are used in a variety of medical conditions to replace lost components of the blood. Objectives: To study the situations of use of blood and blood products, the indications for transfusion and transfusion reactions in some clinical departments of Bach Mai Hospital. Subjects and method: Retrospective study from January 2005 to December 2005 and perspective study from January 2006 to June 2006 through blood records, patient chart and patients. Results & Conclusion: from January 2005 to June 2006, Bach mai Hospital used 45318 units of blood and products, most were erythrocyte concentration (57,9%), plasma (24,9%) and (12,3%). The most used blood group were group 0 (44,5%). Blood-erythrocyte concentration and platelet concentration were most used in Hematology and Transfusion Department, plasma were most used in ICU. 31,1 % and 27,8% of patients were laboratory evaluation before transfusion of erythrocyte concentration and platelet concentration, respectively. The rate of transfusion reactions were 1,04%, most were pruritus - 83,7%. Highest rate of transfusion reaction were belonged to blood (3,4%) and platelet concentration (3%). From January 2005 to June 2006, Bach Mai Hospital used 45318 units of blood and products, most were erythrocyte concentration, plasma, platelet concentration and blood 31,1 % and 27,8% of patients were laboratory evaluation before transfusion of erythrocyte concentration and platelet concentration, respectively.
Blood ; Blood Transfusion/ adverse effects

Background: Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is an unknown cause chronic autoimmune disorder which characterized by the spread of the lesion in many organs of body. Childhood-onset systemic lupus erythematosus is often more acute and severe than adult-onset systemic lupus erythematosus. Objective: 1. To survey clinical, laboratory and immunological symptoms of childhood-onset SLE. 2. To survey immune disorders of childhood-onset SLE. Subjects and method: A retrospective study on clinical, laboratory and immunological indexes was carried out in 29 patients with childhood-onset SLE admitted in the Department of Allergy and Clinical Immunity, Bach Mai hospital, from June/2001 to June/2006.Results: The female to male ratio was 13.5:1, and the mean age at disease onset was 12.3\xb12.4 years. The most common initial manifestations were arthritis (62.1%), malar or butterfly rash (41.4%), fatigue, malaise, weight loss (41.4%) and fever (38%). The most common manifestations in the advanced stage of the disease were arthritis (82.8%), alopecia (62.1%), nephritis (89.7), anemia (72.4%), leucopenia (58.6%), thrombocytopenia (51.7%), neurological disorders (58.6%), fever (55.2%) and malar rash (48.3%). 93.1% of the patients had elevated erythrocyte sedimentation rate. The rates of patients with ANA, anti ds-DNA antibody and LE cells were 88%, 64%, and 10.5%, respectively. Conclusion: The author recommended that on the suspicious cases, necessary tests for detecting childhood onset SLE should be conducted soon for differential diagnosis. The SLE with onset in childhood, often more severe than later life must be aggressively treated.
Lupus Erythematosus ; Systemic/ epidemiology ; pathology ; Child

In order to build percentages of morbidity of children (in science project 11-13), the authors have examined 2,809 children, aged 6-15 (male: 1,420, female: 1,389) at Kien Thuy and Ngo Quyen districts, Hai Phong city according to form of Pediatric Institute. Following conclusions have been drawn: 1. The general ratio of diseases in children 6-15 years old in two areas is 44.49%, in those, the ratio of acute disease is 7.75%, ratio of chronic diseases is 36.59%. The general prevalence of diseases in Kien Thuy is higher than its in Ngo Quyen. 2. The ratio of diseases group: *The ratio of oro-dental disease is highest (44.57%), in those the ratio of dental caries is 27.41%.* The ratio of ear-nose-throat diseases is second (22.21%), most of all are chronic ear- nose- throat diseases: chronic tonsillitis is 5.98%, chronic nasophryngitis is 2.63 * The ratio of goitre disease is the third (30.41%), most of all are degree I *The ratio of the eyes diseases is the fourth (16.63%) In those trachoma is 3.42% *The ratio of digestive disease is 11.32% *The ratio of the skin disease is 5.83% 3. Other diseases: ratio of the arthropathies and osteopathies is 4.56%. Ratio of the arthropathies and osteopathies is 4.56%. Ratio of the urinary diseases is 1.89%. Ratio of the accident is 1.89%. Ratio of the mental disorders is 0.31%. Ratio of the lower respiratory disease is 0.96%. Ratio of the circulatory disease is 0.50%.
epidemiology ; Digestive System Diseases ; Morbidity ; child

A study on 15 private hospitals has shown that total number of health staffs was 2057, average staff/bed was 2.18, and this figure in the public hospital was 0.9. Number of private hospital as time were in 1995 (1 hospital), 1997 (3 hospitals), 1999 (2 hospital), 2000 (6 hospitals) and 2001 (3 hospitals) 6/61 provinces and cities had private hospitals. Most of them located from §µ N½ng to Southern Vietnam. The deep professions were developed perfectly more and more
Hospitals, Private ; Growth & development

The professional guidance aims at strengthen of the quality of the people health care, emergency, consultation and treatment and primary health care which contributes to improve the professional quality of the lower level and social fair. The content of the technical transfer comprises education and training in the Central or local hospitals. The results have shown that the qualities of the consultation and treatment and public primary health care have been improving gradually. The technical and professional degree of the lower level has been upgraded.
Practice Guidelines ; Diagnosis ; Therapeutics